Name: 別再犯這些常見的錯誤 (Don't make this common mistake. Use the S)
Uploaded: 2017-11-15T05:05:00.000Z
Duration: 10 min

委婉語氣表達希望、渴望

Hi, guys. I'd like to share with you one of my pet peeves.

哈囉各位。我想要跟大家分享我的一個 pet peeves

that other people do that make you angry. So, I am an ESL teacher, and I love teaching,

其他人做了會惹你不高興。我是一位教導英語為第二種語言 (ESL) 的英文老師，我很喜歡教書

but something really pisses me off, something really makes me angry, and it is when people

但有件事真的會惹怒我，讓我很生氣，就是當人們

do not say the "s" at the end of words. Now, I understand that this is at first a pronunciation

沒有加 s 在字的後面。我瞭解一開始是發音問題

problem, so you guys are going to go to Emma's video that she made: "Words Ending in 's'".

所以你們要去看 Emma 老師的影片「結尾為 s 的字彙」

So, this will teach you all about the pronunciation of the word "s" at the end of words.

內容將會告訴你所有字尾為 s 的字彙發音

Type in "s pronunciation", and you've got that video right there. After

搜尋 "s pronunciation"，你就可以找到那部影片

you watch that video, there will be no excuse. So, please, try. Help me out.

當看完那部影片過後，你就不會有發音的藉口了。所以，拜託，去嘗試。幫我一下。

And I'm going to tell you why it's so important. First example: Use the "s" is if you said

我跟你說為什麼這個這麼重要。第一個例子：使用 s

to someone, for example: "I like cat" or "I like dog",

如果你告訴某人：「I like cat」或「I like dog」

this means you want to say that you like dogs, cats, you think they're cute, you maybe have a couple pets. But guess what?

而你想要說的意思是你喜歡狗 (you like dogs) 和貓 (you like cats)，你認為他們很可愛，也許你也有幾隻寵物。但你猜猜看

If you say: "I like cat and I like dog", this means you like to eat them. So you don't want

如果你說："I like cat"、"I like dog"，意思是說你喜歡吃貓肉狗肉。

someone to think that you like to eat dogs or cats, now, do you? So, it's crucial (very important)

你可不想別人認為你喜歡吃狗肉貓肉吧?所以有沒有加 s 很關鍵 (非常重要)

that you always try to remember to put the "s". So, instead of saying:

"I like cat and I like dog", we're going to say: "I like cats and I like dogs."

「我喜歡吃貓肉 (I like cat) 和我喜歡吃狗肉 (I like dog)」，應該說「我喜歡貓 (I like cats) 和我喜歡狗 (I like dogs)」

If it's an animal that you like, you're going to put the "s", with the exception of chicken...

如果你想說你喜歡什麼動物，要記得加上 s 在後面，除了雞肉 (chicken)

You can like chickens. But if you like to eat it, you're not going to put the "s". So,

你可以喜歡雞這個動物 (chickens)。但如果你喜歡吃牠，你就不能把 s 擺在字尾

for example: "My favourite food is chicken." So, I would say: "I like chicken." But if

例如：「我最愛的食物是雞 (chicken)」我會改成這樣說：「我愛吃雞肉 (chicken)」

I like the animal: "Bawk, bawk, bawk", maybe a bit too much, I would say: "I like chickens."

我喜歡的是「咕咕咕」(叫聲) 的動物，我會說「我喜歡雞 (I like chickens)」

So, be careful. You don't want to say to someone: "I like sheep",

所以注意了。你不會想要跟別人說「我喜歡羊肉 (I like sheep)(sheep單複數同形)」

because that just... That's a different subject.

因為...這又是一個不同的主題。

So, the first rule that you have to remember with this is we always use an "s" with countable

第一個規則就是你一定要記得複數名詞後面要加 s

nouns. So, a "countable noun" means something that you can count in groups. For example:

"countable noun" 是指可以數成一群的。例如

dogs, cats; one dog, two dogs, three dogs. You can count them. We have countable and

狗、貓；一隻狗、兩隻狗、三隻狗。它是可以數的。英文裡有可數和不可數名詞。

uncountable nouns in English. If you're not too sure, you can reference it on www.engvid.com

如果你不太確定，可以去 www.engvid.com 網站中查詢。

or you can look in a grammar book or a dictionary, and you will know if it's countable or uncountable.

也可以查看文法書或字典，你就能知道它是可數或不可數的了

So, rule number one is that every countable noun will have to have an "s" if it's plural.

所以規則一就是每個可數名詞作複數使用時，必須加上 s

If you look at my example... Now, I hear this all the time. I will ask someone:

如果你看我舉的例子...我常聽到這樣的例子，當我問某人

「哇！好酷的鞋子，多少錢買的？」

"40 dollar." And, let me see, 40 dollar, 40 dollar, what?

「40 dollar (dollar為美元的單數)」我思考一下，40 dollar是什麼?

Because "dollars" are countable, you have to put the "s". So, it's not: "40 dollar",

因為 "dollars" 是可數的，所以你必須在後面加上 s。所以不是用 "40 dollar"

it's "40 dollars". So: "I have 5 dollars." Now, if you only have one of something that's

而是 "40 dollars" 才對。因此用法是「我有5美元 (5 dollars)」。如果你只有一個可數的東西

countable, that's okay, you don't need the "s". So, for example: "I have one dog."

那也可以，你就不需要加上 s 了。例如：「我有一隻狗 (one dog)」

I don't put the "s". If you have one of something that's countable, you don't need the "s",

不需要加 s 在後面。如果你擁有的東西是可數的而且只有一個，就不需要加上 s 了

but as soon as you have two, you need to put the "s".

但只要你有 2 個，你就需要加上 s

The other words that we're going to look at are more of a grammar-based thing, but that's

接著來看其他更貼近文法的用語

cool. "There were several", maybe this is a new word for you. "Several" means the same

「這裡有許多 (several)」，對某些人是新單字，"several" 的意思

as "a lot" or "many". It means more than one. So, for example, if you say: "There was...

跟 "a lot" 或 "many" 一樣。代表超過 1 個數量。舉例來說：如果你說「這裡有

There were several dog", this doesn't make sense; because this means more than one, I

「這裡有許多隻小狗 (dog)」，這不具任何意義；因為此處指多過一隻

have to write the "s". I say: "There were several dogs."

所以必須加上 s，講為：「這裡有許多隻小狗 (dogs)」

「我有許多貓 (I have a lot of cat)」

So, if you told me that you have a lot of cat, I think that you're

going to invite me to eat the cat that you have, because you have a large portion of

我會認為你是要邀請我去吃你養的貓，因為你有很多的貓讓我吃

cat for me to eat. I have never eaten cat. I probably would, but I don't think you would

我從未吃過貓。我可能會嘗試看看，但我不認為

like me to eat your cat, so you have to say: "I have a lot of cats." Meow. Crazy cat ladies,

你跟我一樣想吃你的貓，所以你要改說 "I have a lot of cats"。瘋狂的貓女士們

Next one, I hear people say: "Oh, my city has many tree." Huh, okay. Well, "many", which

下一個，有人會說："Oh, my city has many tree."，many 代表的意思

means the same as "a lot" or "several", again, you need the "s". So, you have to say... Not

跟 "a lot" 或 "several" 相同，所以你需要加上 s，改成說，不是

"tress (拚錯)"，應改為「我的城市有很多樹 (trees)。」

One more that's even more confusing for you guys is "too many". Now, "many", and "a lot",

另外可能更讓你們感到困惑的用詞是 "too many"。"many" 和 "a lot"

and "several" are always positive things. Okay? But "too many" is always a bad thing

還有 "several" 都是正向的。但 "too many" 則是指不好的事

or a negative thing. So, if you like trees and cats and dogs, you can use "many". But

或負面的。因此如果你喜歡樹木、貓和狗，你可以用 "many"。但是

if you don't like the countable noun, you have to say "too many". So, for example, I

如果你不喜歡一個可數的東西，你可以用 "too many" 這個詞。例如：

我可以說：「她有太多哥哥了 (She has too many brothers.)」

So, maybe you know somebody that has 10 brothers,

and you don't like the brothers, you can say:

"Mm, she's got too many brothers. I don't like that."

「恩，她有太多哥哥了，我不太喜歡」

Maybe you know someone that has 15 children, you can say:

也許你知道一些人有 15 個小孩，則可以說

in my opinion, she just has too many kids." Now, the word "children" is countable, so

就我看來，她的小孩太多了 (kids)」，「小孩 (children)」這個字是可數的

it's plural, so you don't need to worry about the "s", but "kids" is countable. So:

本身是複數，不需要擔心是否加 s，但「小孩 (kids)」是可數的

"She has too many brothers", "too many kids". When it's "too many", it's something you don't

「她有太多的兄弟 (brothers)、太多的小孩 (kids)」，當你形容這個事物「太多 (too many)」時，代表你不喜歡這樣事物

like. But these ones are something that you like or you think are okay. So, as far as

但其他這些 (several、a lot、many) 則是一些你喜歡或覺得可以的事物

the grammar sense goes, if you can remember "several", "a lot", and "many", you're going

只要懂得文法，你會記得 "several"、"a lot"、"many" 這些字後面

There's one more group of words that I think are confusing, but that's cool. We have in

還有一組字彙我認為比較容易搞混，但還滿酷的

English: "no one", "nobody", "anyone", "anybody", "everyone", and "everybody". Now, to help

英文中有："no one、no body、anyone、anybody、everyone、everybody"

you guys out: "no one" and "nobody" mean exactly the same. Okay? "Anyone", "anybody", they're

幫你們搞清楚一件事，"no one" 和 "no body" 意思一模一樣。"anyone" 和 "anybody" 兩者意思

the same. It doesn't matter. But when you use these words, you always need to make sure

也是一樣的。當你使用這些字時，你一定要記得

that your verb is going to be singular. So, for example, I can say:

後面接的動詞是單數動詞。例如：

「沒有人( No one 或 Nobody) 喜歡 (likes)」

Because this is a singular, we need to put an "s" on our verb.

因為這 (Nobody) 是單數的，所以動詞後面要加 s

"Nobody likes taxes." Hmm. Taxes are terrible. "Everybody" or "Everyone has"... We can't say:

「沒有人喜歡 (likes) 課稅」。課稅很糟糕。「每一個人 (Everybody或Everyone) 都有(has)」，我們不能用

"Everyone have". We have to say: "Everyone has a brain."

「每一個人都有 (have)」。我們要用「每一個人都有 (has) 一顆腦袋。」

Sometimes I wonder about this, but I know,

有時候我會懷疑這點，但我知道

physically, everyone has a brain. Okay? I can't say: "Nobody like taxes." I have to

身體上，每個人只有一顆腦袋。我不能說成：「沒有人喜歡 (like) 課稅。」我必須

say: "Nobody likes". So, if you have: "no-", "any-", or "every-", "one" or "body", you

說：「沒有人喜歡 (likes)」。所以你有「no-, any-, every-」搭上「one 或 body」這個字彙

always have to make sure that your verb is a singular, takes a singular noun.

永遠要確保你用的動詞是單數型的，接在單數名詞的後面

Go check out Emma's lesson, and remember: Anytime that you have a countable noun that's

去看看 Emma 所教的課，並記住「使用超過單個數量的可數名詞時

more than one, please do Ronnie a big favour, and please say the "s".