To say a few more words about it, Grit is really about your stamina, how consistently you're

如果要再更深入地解釋，「恆毅力」是關乎你的耐力，你是如何始終如一地

working in a certain direction, then how hard you're working in that direction.

投入在某個目標當中，並且在該目標當中做了多少努力。

It is not about intensity.

「恆毅力」並不關乎強度。

I've had young people come to me after talks and say "well let me just tell you how gritty

曾經有年輕人在演講後跑來跟我說：「讓我來告訴你我多麼的

I am.

堅忍不拔。」

I spent 72 hours without sleeping and I did this amazing thing" and I congratulate them

我為了達成這項創舉，有72小時都沒有睡覺！」隨後我恭喜他們

but I say "so what did you do the next week and how many

但是又問：「那你隔一個星期做了什麼？

years have you been working on this?"

然後你在這一件事上投入了多少年的時間呢？」

So when we assess Grit by looking at people's biographies for example we don't necessarily

因此，當我們透過觀察人們的傳記來評估「恆毅力」時，

look for bursts of unusual productivity or effort, but we really look for constancy of

我們不太會去點出那些極為突出的生產力或努力，我們真正想要尋找的是

effort over time. Can you have too much grit?

恆久不變的那股堅定力量。- 一個人是否會有過多的恆毅力？

I have actually for several years been grappling with the question of whether

事實上我幾年來一直在思考像「恆毅力」這樣的美德

virtues like grit are only virtues in the middle of the spectrum so do we have

是否是唯一位在光譜中間的美德，

something like the Aristotelian notion of the golden mean where excessive grit

是否像亞里斯多德哲理中的中庸之道所說的，若是有過多

as well as insufficient grit are both bad.

或過少的「恆毅力」就是不好的？

I've lately come to the opinion and it really is an opinion because I don't have

近期我針對這項議題有個看法，這真的只是個人觀點而已

data to support this.

因為我並無數據來支持這項觀點。

That it's not necessarily that you can have too much grit, what you can have is Grit

並不是一個人會有過多的「恆毅力」，而是在擁有「恆毅力」的同時

in the absence of other key virtues. So for example if you're an extraordinarily

你可能缺乏了其他一些關鍵的美德。比方說你是一個非常堅毅的人，

gritty person who lacks judgment or humility or honesty or empathy and kindness you can

但另一方面缺乏判斷能力或謙遜或誠實或憐憫和仁慈

see where Grit could you know magnify ill effects.

那麼「恆毅力」可能就放大了這些缺陷。

But I don't necessarily think that it's the problem of being a 10 out of 10 on the Grit scale

但是我並不覺得擁有完美的「恆毅力」有任何問題。-持久的努力和超人的毅力是否比天生的才能和機運更加重要？

Let me start off by saying that in our research

首先，在我們收集各項研究成果當中，

studies for many outcomes like finishing West Point, Grit actually is more predictive than

如從西點軍校結業，「恆毅力」確實是

IQ or SAT scores, but i think the real question is not oh which is more important or more

比智商或學術水準測驗考試分數容易預測，但是我覺得問題的核心並非在於何者較為重要

predictive what it really is important to do is to highlight the undervalued role of

或者何者較於容易預測，真正重要的是要讓被低估的特質

effort.

被看見。

I feel like we live in a culture where we talk about talent all the time.

我感覺我們生長的文化中，時常都把人才這個話題掛在嘴邊。

In fact I once was asked to do a media presentation and they actually even refer to people as

有一次我受邀做一個媒體演講，那裡的人都將來賓稱為

talent.

人才。

As in has the talent showed up? The talent show up to makeup yet? Talent has to be on

例如「那位人才到場了嗎？」「那位人才化妝了嗎？」「五分鐘後

in five minutes.

人才就必須要上場了。」

So this kind of obsession we have with, you know, whether we are or are not gifted and

我們極度地在意一個人是否為天才或者

talented.

擁有天賦。

Whether we do or do not make some talent threshold is misplaced and if anything I would hope

無論我們設不設人才門檻，或曾經設錯了門檻，

that my research doesn't necessarily undermine talent because I think talent exists.

我期望我的研究不會因而埋沒了天賦，因為我相信天賦的存在。

I'm not a particularly talented driver for example.

比方說我並不是一個特別有天賦的司機。

But but we vastly underestimate how much effort, practice, time on task, really determines ultimate

但是我們大大地低估了努力、實踐、投入的時間，才是真正決定最終

performance.

表現的關鍵。-韌性和恆毅力有何關聯性？

So resilience and Grit, I'm often asked the question as sort of how does resilience effect

關於韌性和「恆毅力」，我時常被問到韌性是如何影響著「恆毅力」？

grit or is resilience the same thing as grit?

或者韌性和「恆毅力」是否相同？

I would say that resilience if you would define resilience as bouncing back from adversity,

我會將韌性定義為在逆境中振作起來。

that that that would be one of the things that would be a precursor to grit.

那將會是展現「恆毅力」的其中一個前兆。

But I don't think it's exactly the same because if you're somebody who well when things are

但是我並不覺得他們兩者完全相同，因為如果你是一個會在逆境中振作的人，

hard to bounce back that is one thing that you need to be gritty but not the only thing

這是「恆毅力」的其中一項特質，但並不是唯一

you also need a passion right you also need something that you're really committed to

你同時需要熱忱，你還需要長時間致力於投入一項事情的恆心，

working on over the long term and and being resilient doesn't guarantee that.

然而展現韌性並不全然擁有這些特質。