ill of somebody who's not present. Second: Judging. We know people who are like this

ill of somebody who's not present.第二：判斷。我們認識的人都是這樣的

in conversation and it's very hard to listen to somebody if you know that you're being

在談話中，它是很難聽別人 如果你知道你是被

judged. Third, negativity. And another form of negativity: Complaining. But actually,

判斷。第三，消極性。而另一種形式的消極性。抱怨但實際上。

complaining is viral misery. Excuses. We've all met this guy, maybe we've all been this

抱怨是病毒式的痛苦。藉口。我們'都見過這個人，也許我們'都被這個。

guy. Some people have a blame thrower. Penultimate, the 6th of the seven: Exaggeration. It demeans

的傢伙。有些人有責備投擲者。倒數第二，七人中的第六人。誇大其詞。它貶低了

our language actually sometimes. For example, if I see something that really is awesome,

我們的語言其實有時候。比如說，如果我看到一個東西，真的很厲害。

what do I call it? And finally, dogmatism. The confusion of facts with opinions. I'd

我把它叫做什麼？最後，教條主義。將事實與觀點混為一談。我...

like to suggest that there are four really powerful cornerstones, foundations... The

我想說的是，有四個非常強大的基石，基礎... ...The

word is HAIL. So what do they stand for? The H: Honesty of course. Being true in what you

字是HAIL。那麼它們代表什麼呢？H：當然是誠實。作為真實的你

say. Being straight and clear. The A is Authenticity. Just being yourself. The I is Integrity - being

說。直截了當，明明白白。A是真實性。就是做自己。I是Integrity--做

your word. Actually doing what you say. And the L is love. I don't mean romantic love,

你的話。其實說到做到。而L是愛。我不是指浪漫的愛情。

but I do mean wishing people well. Also, now that's what you say and it's like the old

但我的意思是希望人們好。還有，現在你說的這些話，就像以前的'。

song, it is what you say, it's also the way that you say it. You have an amazing toolbox,

歌曲，它是你說的，它'也是你說的方式。你有一個驚人的工具箱。

this instrument is incredible. Register for example. Now, falsetto register may not be

這個儀器是不可思議的。例如，註冊。現在，falsetto註冊可能不會是。

very useful most of the time. So if I talk up here in the nose, you can hear the difference

大多數時候非常有用。所以，如果我在鼻子上說話，你可以聽出其中的區別

if I go down here in my throat. But, if you want weight, you need to go down here to the

如果我到這裡去在我的喉嚨。但是，如果你想要的重量， 你需要去到這裡到

chest. Cause we associate depth with power. And we have timbre - it's the way your voice

胸口。因為我們把深度和力量聯繫起來。我們有音色 - 它是你的聲音的方式。

feels. Again the research shows that we prefer voices that are rich, smooth. There are amazing

的感覺。同樣研究表明，我們更喜歡豐富、流暢的聲音。有驚人的

things you can do with breathing, posture, to improve the timbre. Then prosody, this

你可以做的事情與呼吸， 姿勢，以改善音色。然後是改編曲，這個

is the sing-song, the metalanguage that we use in order to impart meaning. People who

是歌聲，是我們用來傳遞意義的金屬語言。人誰

speak all on one note are really quite hard to listen to if they don't have any prosody

在一個音符上說話都是真的很難聽，如果他們不';有任何prosody

at all. Pace - I can get very very excited by saying something really really quickly

完全沒有。節奏--我可以非常非常興奮的說一些非常非常快的事情。

or I can slow right down. Of course pitch often goes along with pace to indicate arousal

或者我可以放慢速度當然，音調常常和速度一起，表示興奮。

but you can do it just with pitch. "Where did you leave my keys?!" And finally volume.

但你可以只用音調來做。 "你把我的鑰匙放在哪裡了？""最後是音量。

I can get really excited or I can have you really pay attention by getting very quiet.

我可以變得非常興奮，也可以通過變得非常安靜來讓你真正注意。

What would the world be like if we were speaking powerfully to people who were listening consciously

如果我們對有意識地傾聽的人進行有力的演講，世界會是什麼樣子呢？

in environments which were actually fit for purpose? That would be a world that does sound

在真正適合的環境中？那將是一個聽起來

beautiful and one where understanding would be the norm. Thank you.

很美，也是一個理解將是常態的地方。謝謝你。