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  • Have you ever wondered how many countries there are in the world?

    你曾想過世界上有幾個國家嗎?

  • While it may seem like a fairly straightforward question, it's actually quite complicated.

    這聽起來是個一翻兩瞪眼的問題,可事實上卻相當複雜

  • The problem is - it depends on who you ask as to what answer you get and

    問不同的人會得到不同的答案,

  • there is no one generally accepted answer. Also, the word 'country' has no official meaning.

    而且沒有一個答案是所有人都接受的。再說,「國家」這個詞也沒有標準的定義。

  • A good place to start might be an organisation that knows what they're talking about - the United Nations.

    從聯合國開始找答案也許會是個好的開始

  • There are currently 193 members of the UN.

    現在聯合國有193個會員國

  • This is why this is the lowest number you'll ever hear to how many countries there are.

    這也就是為什麼當有人問「世界上有幾個國家」時,你會聽到的答案至少是193以上

  • Along with the 193 members, the UN also has two permanent non-member observer states -

    除了這193個會員國外,聯合國還有兩個常任非會員觀察國

  • the Holy See (representing the Vatican City State), and the State of Palestine.

    教廷(代表梵蒂岡)、以及巴勒斯坦國

  • Despite not being a member, the Vatican City is a country and is recognised by everyone as such.

    雖然梵蒂岡不是成員國,但是它被所有成員國承認是個國家

  • Despite being a country within a city within a country and small not only by country or

    儘管梵蒂岡是一個在其他國家(義大利)裡的一個城市(羅馬)裡的國家,而且不管以國家或者

  • city standards but more comparable in size to that of a small village with a population of around 800

    城市的角度來看,都是一個相當小的地方,跟一個小村莊差不多大,人口也只有大約800人

  • and a land area of less than half a square kilometre. It is officially the smallest country in the world

    土地則不到0.5平方公里。它是世界上面積最小的國家

  • and compared to the largest country, it is 38 million times smaller than Russia.

    而且比世界上面積最大的國家俄羅斯比還要小3億8百萬倍

  • But size doesn't matter and the fact of the matter is the Vatican City is a country.

    不過反正大小不重要,重要的是梵蒂岡是個國家

  • So... logic would dictate that the State of Palestine is also a country then, right?

    所以,邏輯上來說,巴勒斯坦也是個國家,對嗎?

  • Well... no. Not yet anyway.

    恩...不是,至少現在還不是

  • The State of Palestine wants to be a full member of the UN and submitted an application is November of 2011.

    巴勒斯坦想要成為聯合國的會員國,且早就在2011年11月提交申請

  • However, the only reason the Holy See isn't a full simply because...

    而教廷不是會員國的理由只有一個,就是...

  • it doesn't want to be. Possibly because it wants to remain neutral.

    它不想成為會員國。可能是因為它想要保持中立

  • It seems unlikely that Palestine will gain full membership for one reason -

    巴勒斯坦不太可能成為會員國的原因在於——

  • the United States of America. If you're unaware of the situation in the Middle East,

    美國。以防你不清楚中東的狀況,我來做個說明

  • the Palestinians and the Israelis have waging war on and off for decades.

    巴勒斯坦和以色列幾十年來戰火不斷

  • And with Israel being of close ally of the United States, who often provide financial

    而以色列是美國交好的盟國,美國常常提供財務

  • and military assistance to Israel, the US has always voted against Palestine.

    和軍事上的協助給以色列,而且永遠會在投票表决上為難巴勒斯坦

  • This is despite president Obama saying he does want a sovereign Palestinian state.

    儘管美國總統歐巴馬說他支持巴勒斯坦建國

  • The US didn't want Palestine to even become an observer state, but they still won an overwhelming majority.

    美國甚至不想讓巴勒斯坦成為聯合國觀察員,但巴勒斯坦在此取得壓倒性的勝利

  • However, in order to gain full membership, the decision lies with the UN Security Council.

    然而,若巴勒斯坦想取得會員國的資格,則必須依賴聯合國安全理事會的決議

  • The Security Council is made of 15 members - 5 permanent members (also known as The Big Five),

    安全理事會由15個國家組成,5個常任理事國

  • and 10 non-permanent members who serve for 2 years.

    以及10個任期為2年的非常任理事國。

  • To become a full member of the UN a country must obtain a two-thirds majority vote.

    想要成為聯合國會員國,必須取得2/3的多數同意

  • The Big Five consists of - China, Russia, France, the United States, and the United Kingdom,

    5個常任理事國為 - 中國、俄羅斯、法國、美國,以及英國

  • all of whom has what's known as 'veto power' in which they can veto any UN resolution

    他們全部都可以行使否決權,也就是說他們可以否決掉任何決議案

  • and it won't get passed, even if all other 14 members are in favour of it. Therefore,

    即便其他14個理事國都同意的情況下,他們仍能讓案子無法通過。因此,

  • the US can veto any membership application made by the State of Palestine.

    美國可以否決掉任何巴勒斯坦提出的成員國申請

  • The UN aside, there are others reasons why you might hesitate to call Palestine a country.

    撇開聯合國不談,還有許多原因讓你無法毫不遲疑地稱巴勒斯坦為國家

  • First of all, they don't actually have any legally defined borders and

    首先,他們沒有明確合法的國界

  • the lines used to outline their claimed territories of the West Bank and the Gaza strip

    他們所聲稱的領土以約旦河西岸與加薩走廊為界

  • are actually lines created in 1949 as part of an armistice agreement to end of the violence of the Arab-Israeli

    這界線其實是來自1949年的停戰協議,當時是為了終止以阿戰爭所帶來的暴力

  • war and were never intended to be used as internal borders.

    但這界線從來都沒有打算被用來當作內部的國界

  • On top of this, the Israeli army control huge parts of their land,

    除此之外,以色列軍隊控制了這塊土地當中很大的部分

  • although this is widely considered by the entire international community as a breach of international law.

    儘管國際上大都認為以色列這麼做是違反國際法的

  • Moving on, the US Department of State list 195 independent countries, and these are...

    繼續,美國國務院列了195個獨立國家,這些是

  • the 193 members of the UN, the previously discussed Vatican City, as well as...

    193個聯合國會員國,以及剛剛說的梵蒂岡,除此之外還有

  • the Republic of Kosovo. Kosovo is a partially recognised country in

    科索沃共和國。科索沃是一個被部分認可的東歐國家

  • Eastern Europe that declared its independence from Serbia in 2008.

    它在2008年宣布從塞爾維亞獨立。

  • However, Serbia rejects their independence and claims that Kosovo is a province of Serbia.

    然而,塞爾維亞拒絕承認科索沃的獨立,並主張科索沃是塞爾維亞的一個省

  • Currently, 100 out of the 193 UN members recognise Kosovo as a country according to kosovothanksyou.com,

    目前,聯合國193個成員國中,100個承認科索沃是個國家,這是根據kosovothanksyou.com的資料

  • a website that thanks every country for recognising them in their native language.

    這個網站用那些國家的母語來謝謝每個支持科索沃的國家

  • Kosovo hasn't made an application for UN membership. This is because the UN Security Council is

    科索沃還沒有申請成為聯合國的會員國。這是因為聯合國安全理事會

  • split on the issue of Kosovo independence. While the UK, the US and France all recogsnise Kosovo

    在科索沃的議題上看法分歧。英國、美國,與法國都認可科索沃,

  • and have diplomatic relations with them, Russia and China do not.

    並與其保持外交關係,而俄羅斯與中國則否。

  • If all five were asked 'is Kosovo a country?', you would get a variety of different responses

    如果這5個國家都被問「科索沃是個國家嗎?」,則你會得到不一樣的答案

  • but suffice to say the resolution would not get passed. Now, according to a website I use quite a lot,

    但我們可以說結果就是無法通過。現在,根據一個我常使用的網站

  • about.com, there are 196 countries. They list the same 195 as the US Department of State,

    about.com,上面有196個國家。他們列了195個和美國國務院相同的國家

  • plus one more - Taiwan. The situation with Taiwan is an incredibly complex one

    再加上一個 - 台灣。台灣的狀況複雜得難以置信

  • that basically boils down to whether Taiwan is its own country, or part of China.

    簡單來說,就是台灣到底是一個國家,還是中國的一部份?

  • While it is officially considered part of China by the UN,

    雖然這官方上被聯合國認為台灣是中國的一部份

  • it effectively operates as its own country and China have no jurisdiction on Taiwan.

    但台灣實際上以一個國家的形式運作著,而中國在這座島上則沒有任何管轄權

  • Taiwan's official name, by the way, is the Republic of China,

    順帶一提,台灣的官方名字是中華民國,

  • not to be confused with the PEOPLE'S Republic of China, or as they're more commonly know, well... China.

    不要和中華人民共和國搞混了,或者它更為人所知的名稱...中國

  • To fully understand the situation we need to go all the way back to 1895

    要全然地瞭解這個議題必須回到1895年,

  • when the Japanese Empire took control of the island of Taiwan from Qing Dynasty.

    日本帝國從清朝手上得到台灣的管轄權

  • After the fall of the Dynasty in the early 20th century, the Republic of China was established in 1912

    在20世紀初期,清朝衰弱之後,中華民國在1912年建立

  • and the Nationalist Party were elected government.

    國民黨被選為當時的政府

  • In 1921, the Communist Party of China was founded with very different ideological views,

    在1921年,意識形態相當不同的中國共產黨成立

  • and in 1927 the Chinese Civil War began between the Nationalists and the Communists.

    國共內戰在1927年開打

  • Japan took the civil war as an opportunity to invade China in 1931.

    日本把國共內戰看成一個入侵中國的好機會,因此在1931年入侵中國

  • For years the civil war continued until 1937 when Japan began a full-scale invasion of China and took control of the city of Beijing.

    國共內戰打了好多年,直到1937年,日本展開全面性對中國的侵略,並控制了北京

  • The civil war were temporarily put on hold so China could defend its land from the Japanese.

    為了打退日本,國共內戰才暫時的停止

  • In 1941, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor,

    1941年,日本轟炸珍珠港,

  • causing immediate declaration of war on Japan by the United States

    造成美國馬上對日本宣戰

  • and began their involvement in World War II. In August 1945, the United States dropped

    開始加入第二次世界大戰的戰局。1945年八月,美國在

  • atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

    廣島和長崎投下原子彈

  • The Allied Forces then issued Japan a surrender ultimatum: the Potsdam Declaration.

    之後同盟國給日本下最後通牒:波茨坦公告

  • The agreement stated, among other things, that Japan must relinquish control of land that they had acquired via force,

    這份公告表示,日本得放棄所有他們以武力得來的土地

  • and this included the island of Taiwan obtained 50 years previously from the Qing Dynasty.

    包括從清朝接手,統治了50年的台灣

  • The Allies gave two choices to Japan - an

    同盟國給日本兩個選擇

  • unconditional surrender, or face (and I quote) "prompt and utter destruction".

    1.無條件投降,否則的話,2.得面臨「迅速且徹底的毀滅」

  • On September 2nd 1945 Japan signed the agreement which put an ended to the 2nd World War.

    在1946年9月2日,日本簽了協議,也讓第二次世界大戰落幕

  • Sovereignty of Taiwan was therefore handed over to the Republic of China.

    台灣的主權於是被移交中華民國

  • Later that year, the United Nations was founded with the Republic of China as one its founding

    同年,聯合國成立,中華民國是其中一個創始成員

  • members and one of the permanent members of the Security Council.

    也是安全理事會的其中一個常任理事國

  • The original Big Five were effectively the same as today, except with the Republic of

    5個原本的常任理事國到今天還是一樣,除了中華民國

  • China and the Soviet Union instead of the People's Republic of China and the Russian

    與蘇維埃聯盟分別被中華人民共和國與俄羅斯聯邦取代

  • Federation respectively. So... one year later and Chinese Civil War

    所以,一年之後,國共內戰再度開打

  • started up again. This time around, the Communist forces completely overwhelmed the Nationalist forces

    這次,共產黨壓倒性地大勝國民黨

  • and in 1949, the Communist Part had total control of the mainland,

    到了1949年,共產黨已經取得中國大陸地區大部份的掌控

  • forcing the Nationalists to retreat to the island of Taiwan. This effectively ended the civil war

    迫使國民黨撤退到台灣。這使得國共內戰實質上劃下句點

  • and lead to the creation of the People's Republic of China, by the Communist Party.

    以及開創了由共產黨領導的中華人民共和國

  • This then created an incredibly complicated situation in which there were effectively two Chinas,

    這導致了複雜到難以置信的狀況,世界上存在著兩個中國

  • both claiming the exact same land: the whole of China.

    兩個中國都聲稱擁有相同的土地:整個中國

  • The People's Republic of China controlled the mainland, while the Republic of China controlled Taiwan,

    中華人民共和國控制了中國大陸地區,而中華民國控制了台灣

  • but both claimed each others land. Things remained like this for two decades

    但兩個都宣稱擁有對方的土地。這樣的狀況持續了二十年

  • while the Republic of China continued to represent China at the UN.

    但中華民國仍然在聯合國代表中國

  • This was until 1971 when the UN General Assembly voted to replace the Republic of China with

    直到1971年,聯合國大會投票表决,把中華民國代表中國的角色換成由

  • the People's Republic of China as China's sole representative, including Taiwan,

    中華人民共和國來代表中國,以及台灣,

  • despite them never having any jurisdiction on the island in their history.

    即使歷史上中華人民共和國從來都沒有在台灣擁有過管轄權

  • In 1991, the Republic of China opted for a different approach and applied for UN membership

    1991年,中華民國選擇用不同的途徑來申請聯合國會員

  • under the name 'the Republic of Taiwan'. Taiwan repeatedly re-applied but with China's veto

    以「台灣國」的名字來申請。台灣不停地申請,可是中國擁有否決權

  • power, realistically, it was never going to happen.

    所以實際上,申請都沒有通過

  • The current president of Taiwan, however, does not want independence,

    然而,現任的台灣總統(馬英九),並不想獨立,

  • and said in his inaugural address - "no reunification, no independence, no war". However has since said

    他在就職典禮上說 「不統、不獨、不武」。然而,說的是一回事,

  • that actually he DOES want unification with China.

    實際上他的確想要與中國統一

  • Relations between the Chinese and Taiwanese presidents is good, they both agree Taiwan

    中國主席和台灣總統的關係是好的,他們都同意

  • should not be an independent country, they both adhere to the one-China policy, unfortunately,

    台灣不該成為一個獨立的國家,也同意堅持一個中國的原則,可惜的是,

  • they still can't agree on who actually has sovereignty over China.

    他們始終無法在誰統治中國上取得一致的意見

  • Still, Taiwan is pretty much like any country - they have their own passports, their own president,

    雖然如此,台灣的確非常像一個國家,他們有自己的護照,自己的總統

  • their own government, their own military, they even take part in sporting events

    自己的政府,自己的軍隊,他們甚至還參與運動競賽

  • such as the Olympics and the FIFA World Cup,

    像是奧林匹克運動會,以及FIFA世界杯足球賽

  • albeit under the pseudonym 'Chinese Taipei', to keep China happy.

    雖然化名為「中華台北」來讓中國開心。

  • So while very few countries officially recognise Taiwan as a country or

    雖然非常少國家正式承認台灣是個國家

  • the Republic of China as the legitimate government of all of China, most countries do recognise Taiwan unofficially

    或者承認中華民國是中國的合法政權,大多數的國家都非官方地承認台灣

  • and have Taiwan Embassies in their country. Countries tend to avoid officially recognising

    這些國家也設有台灣的大使館。許多國家傾向不正式承認台灣是個國家

  • Taiwan as a country as it pisses off China. This is the reason why the US Department of State

    的原因是因為這會惹惱中國。這就是為什麼美國國務院

  • list 195 countries and excluded Taiwan, because the United States really wouldn't want to piss of China,

    只列了195個國家,而台灣不在裡面。因為美國真的不想惹惱中國,

  • for uh... let's just say political reasons....

    為了呃...我們就說是政治因素吧。(畫面:給中國,我欠你1.2兆美元,美國)

  • So... everyone clear on the situation with Taiwan? No? Well, no-one really is but let's

    所以,大家都清楚台灣的狀況了嗎?沒有?好吧,本來就沒人清楚

  • move on... To the place where I live: the United Kingdom.

    讓我們繼續。這是我住的地方:英國。

  • More specifically Scotland but it's the United Kingdom I want to talk about.

    更準確來說是蘇格蘭,不過我想要談談英國(聯合王國)。

  • The United Kingdom is generally referred to as a "country of countries" consisting of: Scotland, England,

    英國大體上被認為是「國家們的國家」它由蘇格蘭、英格蘭、

  • Wales, and Northern Ireland. So... is the United Kingdom one country...

    威爾斯,與北愛爾蘭組成,所以,英國到底是一個國家...

  • or four countries? Well, first of all, it's actually a misconception

    還是四個國家?首先,這其實是一個誤解

  • that there are four countries in the UK. There's actually only three.

    英國並不是由4個國組成,實際上只有3個

  • See, while Scotland and England both have a history of being independent countries,

    蘇格蘭與英格蘭都各自有成為一個獨立國家的歷史

  • and Wales is a little more complicated as it was previously considered a principality,

    而威爾斯有點複雜,他以前被認為是一個親王國

  • but is now a country, Northern Ireland is not, nor has it ever been, a country.

    而現在是一個國家,而北愛爾蘭現在不是,也從來不是一個國家

  • Northern Ireland is technically considered a province of the United Kingdom.

    嚴格來說,北愛爾蘭是英國的一個省

  • This newsletter from the International Organisation for Standardisation clearly lists Northern Ireland as a province,

    這份國際標準化組織(ISO)的文件把北愛爾蘭列為一個省

  • as well as the status of Wales being upgraded from principality to country.

    也把威爾斯的分類從親王國改成國家

  • Although it could be argued the principality of Wales ended in 1542 and that

    雖然有人可能會說早在1542年後,威爾斯已不再是親王國

  • Wales has been a country for centuries. A very brief British history lesson...

    且威爾斯已經持有一個國家的身份超過一個世紀了。現在來堂簡明扼要的英國歷史課...

  • In 1707, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England (which included Wales) joined to

    1707年,蘇格蘭王國和英格蘭王國(包括威爾斯)一起

  • create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In 1801, the Kingdom of Ireland joined to create the

    聯合為大不列顛王國。1801年,愛爾蘭王國加入,

  • United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Then, in 1922, after the Irish War of Independence

    變成大不列顛及愛爾蘭聯合王國。之後,1922年,在愛爾蘭獨立戰爭後

  • Ireland succeeded from Britain and formed the Republic of Ireland.

    愛爾蘭成功從不列顛外獨立,成立了愛爾蘭共和國

  • Believe it or not, very briefly, the whole island of Ireland succeeded from Britain,

    信不信由你,簡單來說,整個愛爾蘭島成功從英國裡獨立,

  • but Northern Ireland quickly and expectedly re-joined to create the United Kingdom of

    但是北愛爾蘭一如預料地迅速再加入回英國,變成

  • Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Which is what it's known as today.

    大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國。這就是大家今天所知道的英國。

  • So, Northern Ireland was part of Ireland and is now part of the UK, but has been a country

    所以,北愛爾蘭曾經是愛爾蘭的一部分,現在則是英國的一部份,實質上則一直擁有

  • in its own right. Northern Ireland doesn't even have its own official flag!

    國家的權利。雖然北愛爾蘭現在仍然沒有自己的官方國旗!

  • The St. Patrick's solitaire is sometimes used unofficially to distinguish Northern Ireland from the rest of the UK.

    聖派翠克十字旗有時候用來非正式地來代表北愛爾蘭

  • The Ulster Banner is also used for sporting events and is the flag that FIFA use

    參加運動賽事時,紅手旗也會拿來代表北愛爾蘭,且是FIFA(國際足球聯合會)用來

  • to represent their national football team. But the one and only flag that is used officially

    代表北愛爾蘭國家足球隊的旗幟。當然,唯一一個正式的官方旗幟仍然是

  • is... the Union Jack. So, the UK is made up of three countries and one province.

    英國國旗。所以英國是由三個國家與一個省所組成的

  • And while the three countries are not independent countries or sovereign states,

    雖然這三個國家不是獨立國家也不是主權國家

  • they are still countries. The term for a country within a country is

    它們仍然是國家。有一個詞來指涉國家裡面的國家叫做

  • a "constituent country" and is not unique to the UK.

    「構成國」,而且不單單只有英國如此

  • The Netherlands is constituent country with the Kingdom of the Netherlands,

    荷蘭也是由構成國所組成「荷蘭王國」,

  • which contains three other countries: Aruba, Curacao, and Sint Maartin.

    其中包含3個其他的國家,阿魯巴、庫拉索,以及聖馬丁

  • The Netherlands is in Europe, while the other three are island countries in the Caribbean

    荷蘭位於歐洲,而其他三個島國位於加勒比海

  • some 5000 miles away. To further complicate matters,

    離荷蘭5000英哩遠。更詳細一點來說

  • the Netherlands is made up of 12 provinces in Europe, as well as three special municipalities - also in

    荷蘭本土是由12個在歐洲的省,以及3個在加勒比海的特別自治區組成

  • the Caribbean. These are: Bonaire, St. Eustatius, and Saba, collectively referred to as the Caribbean Netherlands.

    這些自治區是:博奈爾、聖尤斯特歇斯,以及沙巴,它們組成荷蘭加勒比區

  • And the term Dutch Caribbean is used to refer to all of the

    而「荷屬加勒比區」則用來指涉所有

  • Caribbean islands within the kingdom of the Netherlands. All 4 countries within the Kingdom are considered equal,

    荷蘭王國在加勒比海的屬地。這4個王國中的國家被視為是均等的

  • but in reality, 98% of both the population and the land area of the within the 12 European provinces.

    但實質上,98%的人口與土地都屬於12個歐洲省份

  • Another example would be the Kingdom of Denmark,

    另外一個例子是丹麥王國

  • which holds sovereignty of the two autonomous countries of Greenland and the Faroe Islands.

    它擁有兩個自治國家的主權,這兩個國家分別是格陵蘭,以及法羅群島

  • Greenland being the world's largest island that's not a continent and

    格陵蘭是世界上最大的島嶼而不是大陸

  • the Faroe Islands are a small archipelago north of Scotland. But despite Greenland being over 1500 times

    而法羅群島則是蘇格蘭北部的小島群。雖然格陵蘭比法羅群島大上1500倍

  • the size of the Faroe Islands, they both have similar populations of around 50,000.

    但他們擁有差不多的人口數,約50,000人。

  • There's also French Polynesia, which is an overseas country of the French Republic,

    除此之外還有法國的海外自治國,法屬玻里尼西亞

  • made up of several islands in the South Pacific, most notable of which is the island of Tahiti.

    它由數座南太平洋的島嶼組成,其中最值得一提的大概就是大溪地

  • Then we come to a slightly more complicated situation with New Zealand and the countries

    接下來我們來談再稍微複雜一點的紐西蘭及

  • of Niue and the Cook Islands who are in a agreement known as free association.

    紐埃及庫克群島,他們與紐西蘭本土維持著「自由聯合」的關係

  • There are only three other countries in the world under free association, and they are:

    除了這兩個外,世界上還有其他3個國家是「自由聯合國(聯繫邦)」它們是:

  • the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau. All in free association with the United States.

    馬紹爾群島,密克羅尼西亞聯邦,還有帛琉。這三者都是美國的自由聯合國

  • The major difference is that all three of

    它們之間最大的差別在於

  • these countries are members of the UN while Niue and the Cook Islands are not.

    這三個國家都是聯合國的會員國,而紐埃及庫克群島不是

  • Freely associated states can either be thought of as independent or not, or even... both?

    自由聯合國算是獨立國家嗎?還是...是也不是?

  • It's kind of like a Schrodinger's cat situation in which the cat can be thought of as both dead and alive simultaneously.

    這個狀況有點像是薛丁格的貓,也就是說裡頭的貓可以被視為同時是死的也是活的

  • Niue and the Cook Islands can be considered independent or not simultaneously,

    紐埃與庫克群島可以被同時視為是與不是獨立國家

  • so we can call these two.... Schrodinger's countries.

    所以我們可以說這兩個是...薛丁格的國家

  • And finally, we come to a category of countries (and I use the term loosely),

    最後,我們來到了國家分類上(我採用比較不精確的說法),

  • that have received little or no recognition. One example would be Somaliland, part of Somalia that

    很少或沒有國家認可的國家。比方像是索馬利蘭,它是索馬利亞的一部份,

  • has declared itself an independent country but thus far received absolutely no recognition whatever

    但索馬利蘭宣布自己是個主權獨立的國家,只是到現在完全沒有受到任何承認

  • ever... from any country, UN member or otherwise. Of course there are other examples,

    不管是聯合國的國家,或不是聯合國的國家,都不承認。當然這裡還有許多例子

  • all of whom have received at least some recognition, albeit extremely limited, and in some cases,

    這些國家都至少有得到一些承認,雖然非常少,而且在某些例子裡

  • not by any UN members. External recognition is a key attribute to considered a country

    承認他們的國家也不是聯合國的會員國。外部的認可是一個國家的重要要素

  • and therefore it would be a bit of a stretch to call any of them countries at the moment.

    因此稱這些地方為國家可能會有些勉強

  • So... how many countries are there in the world?

    究竟,世界上到底有多少國家呢?

  • Well, there really are no right or answers. Well, I mean, there are wrong answers...

    其實並沒有一個正確的答案。我的意思是,有一些答案是錯的

  • five... for example, is a wrong answer. But because of the ambiguity of the word 'country',

    比如說:「五個」就是一個錯的答案。但因為「國家」這個詞很含糊

  • there isn't one generally accepted answer. Hopefully you understand that the point of

    所以並沒有一個大家都接受的答案。希望你從這部影片瞭解到

  • this video is that I provided you with the necessary information, so that you could apply your

    一些我試著想傳達給你的必備資訊,好讓你可以用你自已的

  • own judgement to get the answer. But if you really want some numbers,

    判斷力去得到你要的答案。如果你真的想要個準確的數字

  • some possible answers would be... Just the members of the UN, counting the Vatican City

    有些答案可能會是你要的。聯合國的會員國數,加上梵蒂岡

  • since it's also a country, counting Kosovo - the most recognised country not in the UN,

    因為它是個國家;加上科索沃 - 除了聯合國外最受認可的國家;

  • counting Taiwan - the unofficial country, counting the State of Palestine - the UN observer state,

    加上台灣 - 一個非官方的國家;加上巴勒斯坦 - 聯合國觀察員國;

  • then we could count the unrecognised countries, the constituent countries, and

    再來我們可以加上那些沒被認可的國家、構成國,還有

  • Niue and the Cook Islands. Then things could get a bit out of hand and we could start calling everything a country.

    紐埃與庫克群島。然後事情就一發不可收拾了,我們可以開始叫任何地方為國家

  • For example: Hong Kong, Puerto Rico and Bermuda. None of which are countries but given the dictionary

    像是:香港、波多黎各,以及百慕達。這些都不是國家,但考慮到字典對國家的定義

  • definition it wouldn't seem too far-fetched to call them countries.

    稱呼它們為國家想來也不是太牽強

  • Then we could come up with a near infinite number of answers depending on how you apply

    結果我們可以想出幾乎無限大的的數字來當作答案,一切都還是考慮到

  • the use of the word 'country'. But it seems that the most widely accepted answer is 196.

    你怎麼使用「國家」這個詞。但似乎最廣為人所接受的答案是196個

  • But it's important that you understand the answer of 196 so that if something changes

    但重要的是,你瞭解答案為什麼是196,並且根據你的判斷

  • you can adjust the number accordingly, or not.

    去增減這個數字,或者保持196

  • For example, if Kosovo hypothetically became the 194th member of the UN, there would still be 196 countries,

    例如,假設科索沃變成聯合國第194個會員國,那麼仍然有196個國家

  • but if you used 194 as your answer then you would need to add one.

    但如果你使用194來當你的答案,你需要再加上一個

  • An important note to is that everything in this video is correct at the time it was uploaded in late June of 2013,

    另一個重要的提醒是,所有在這部影片上傳時(2013年6月下旬)提到的事情都是正確的,

  • and things may have changed depending on when you're watching this.

    而之後就不一定了,考慮到你看到這個影片的時候,世界可能有點改變了

  • Well, thank you very much for watching my very first YouTube video, and be sure to subscribe

    謝謝你們觀看我的第一個YouTube影片,請記得訂閱我

  • as I've got dozens more ideas for videos that I can't wait to start making. Thanks again!

    因為我有一堆點子想做成影片,等不及想現在就開始做。再次感謝你!

Have you ever wondered how many countries there are in the world?

你曾想過世界上有幾個國家嗎?

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