There are two answers to this question. The first is the correct answer, and that is:

Linux is the core of an operating system. It’s the essential software components which

coordinate hardware, software, and user interaction. We call this the KERNEL.

The second answer is a bit more vague: when some people say “Linux” what they are

talking about are Linux-based operating systems… or, in other words, operating systems built

around the Linux KERNEL.

So what is a Linux-based operating system? We usually call them Linux distributions (or

distros for short).

A typical Linux distro consists of the following:

The Linux Kernel The core of the Operating System, this includes

most drivers, though not all GNU tools and libraries

Command line utilities that allow for quick, easy usage and management of the system

The Package Manager The way the operating system manages software

installation, updating, and removal Documentation

Text documents which explain how software works and each application’s various features

Usually a Desktop Environment Which is software that enables you to use

your computer with a mouse and generates a graphical interface

And finally, User Applications Things like word processors, web browsers,

and everything else

There are many different Linux distributions out there. You might’ve heard of Ubuntu,

Fedora, SteamOS, Arch, and others.

Why are there so many Linux Distributions? Well, that’s a great question. The simplest

answer is that, because both the Linux kernel and most Linux software is free, anyone can

make their own Linux distro to suit their tastes.

And that’s really what it boils down to: the Linux ecosystem is ALL about choice. You

get to choose how you want your computer to behave. You get to choose what software comes

pre-installed. You get to choose how your desktop looks and which key-combinations do

what.

Linux is up to you.

With great choice comes great responsibility--but only if you want it

There are a ton of options out there for those who are uninitiated. Ubuntu and Linux Mint

come to mind. These distros are designed for a comfortable end user experience; foregoing

the complicated initial setup that prove too high a hurdle for the average user.

But the advantages of Linux, even Linux with proverbial training wheels, is enormous.

Linux is free Both in terms of cost, and in terms of freedom,

you can do whatever you need to do without asking the gatekeepers permission.

Linux is stable Blue Screens of Death don't happen in a Linux

environment. There are no registry errors, and things just seem to work without complaint.

Linux is secure Within the Linux world, it’s pretty hard

to find yourself victim of viruses or other malware.

Linux is versatile Ever wonder what OS your cable or satellite

box is running? Linux. How about your phone? Many old and new phones are powered by Linux.

How about fancy cars… or even fancier refrigerators? You guess it. Linux.

Linux is cool The Raspberry Pi runs Linux. And so does this

rad PC-powered arcade cabinet. Valve’s new gaming-specific operating system: Linux. I’d

call that a checkmate.

Over the next couple months, I’ll be creating a series of videos aimed at explaining Linux;

basic concepts like the terminal, the filesystem, and the difference between native and non-native

games. If you’ve got an idea for one of these videos, you can share it down in the

comments or tweet it to me @TheLinuxGamer. And if you like what you just watched, you

can share this with your friends.

While you’re here you can check out some of my other videos, and don’t forget to

subscribe for more videos like this from me, The Linux Gamer. Thanks for watching!