Name: 【TED-Ed】窺探大腦奧祕 - What if we could look inside human brains? - Moran Cerf
Uploaded: 2013-05-14T11:58:03.000Z
Duration: 3 min 56 s

The brain is the center of all of our thoughts,

But, there is still a lot that we don't know about the brain.

但是，大腦仍有很多我們不瞭解的地方

利用腦電波圖 (EGG) 和 功能磁共振成像 (FMRI)

where we scan the brain from the outside.

But what if we could look inside the brains of humans

但如果我們可以 更深入地窺探大腦

為了治療癲癇而以手術 移除部份大腦區塊的病患

who are already going through surgery for clinical reasons,

starts working spontaneously for no apparent reason.

Some patients who don't respond well to the drugs

The challenge is knowing which part to take out.

這手術的挑戰 是在確定移除區塊

How do you figure out which bit of the brain is faulty?

你怎麼確定那個區塊有問題呢？

In order to find the exact location of the seizure onset,

doctors embed electrodes directly into the patient's brain

The patient then stays in the hospital for a few days,

Yes, now we want the patient to have a seizure

so doctors can use the embedded electrodes

如此一來，醫師才能藉由這些電極

to measure it and learn exactly where its origin was.

來測量病灶，並確切找出病灶區位

After doctors are sure where the seizures

Now they know what part of the brain they can remove

現在他們知要切除那個大腦區塊

more than just where the seizures happen.

Based on where the doctors place the electrodes in the brain,

we can ask questions about what the brain does.

Sometimes we find one cell that starts bursting in activity

有時候，病患在看到特定圖片時

every time the patient sees a particular picture,

某個腦細胞開始出現活化的情形

for example, a picture of Marilyn Monroe.

See, every time the patient sees Marilyn Monroe,

每一次病患看到瑪麗蓮 · 夢露的圖片

You can now know when the patient is thinking of Marilyn Monroe

所以你可以 藉由觀察這些細胞的活化

When we find one or a few of these cells with each patient,

當我們看到病患 腦中一個或數個細胞的活化

we can then do all kinds of fancy things.

For example, we can connect the recording electrode

and have the patient move the cursor left or right

who lost the ability to move their hands,

like people with spinal cord injuries or wounded soldiers,

which can make predictions about the future.

which word will appear at the end of this...

The brain can solve complicated problems,

The brain produces complex emotions like love or jealousy,

大腦產生複雜的情緒，像愛或嫉妒

and it can even contemplate about itself.

And the brain is the organ we use to study the brain.

大腦是我們用來研究大腦的器官

I think that the brain is the most beautiful organ in our body,

我覺得大腦是我們身體理最美麗器官

「是哪個器官讓我這樣想的呢？」