Major routes in the land of the Bible

聖經的主要道路

in our last video

在上一個視頻我們提及

we learned about the four major geographical zones

在聖經中的主要分區

of the land of the bible

沿海平原

coastal plain

山地

the hill country

裂谷

the Rift Valley

和外約旦高原

and trans-jordan plateau

看看貫穿每個地區的主要途徑

now we will see how each of these regions

認識主要路線是很重要的

has a major route that runs through it

因為大路的旁邊，建有鄉村和城市

knowing the major routes of the land is important

聖經上百個事件和人物

because towns and cities are often located along the routes

都是沿著這些路線發生

the Bible records hundreds of events

圖 1-16

that happen to people

我們劃出四大路線

at real locations along these routes

首先是沿海大路

using map 1-16

在平坦的沿海平原，暢通運行

we will mark out four major routes

沿海大路是國際大道的重要部份

first is the coastal highway

聯接埃及和美索不達米亞

sometimes called the way of the sea

留意在迦密山出現一個轉折

which more or less runs unimpeded

路線穿越迦密山

along the relatively flat coastal plain

進入耶斯列谷

the coastal highway is a major section

然後到加利利的海邊，再往北走

on the international route

第二條南北路線

that joins Egypt to Mesopotamia

在山脈的分水嶺上

however note Mount Carmel

這條路線被稱為先祖之路

which is a barrier to travel

亞伯拉罕雅各和約瑟，經常在此來往

later we'll see how the route traverses Mount Carmel

第三個路徑是裂谷

thru a pass to the Jezreel Valley

平原提供便捷道路

then to the sea of Galilee and further north

自死海直到加利利海

the second route travels north south

並可繼續向北

on the watershed of the hill country

第四南北路線

this route is called the road of the patriarchs

沿外約旦高原

because Abraham Jacob and Joseph frequently traveled on it

路線被稱為帝王大路

the third route is the Rift Valley

進一步向北

the flat plain provides convenient travel

聖經稱他為巴珊之路

between the Dead Sea and the sea of Galilee

路線經過巴珊，到達大馬士革

and further beyond to the north

圖 1-2 的路線

the fourth route runs north-south

是圖中黃色線

along the trans-jordan plateau

國際沿海大路

the route is called the King's Highway

一直到迦密山

further to the north

然後經過隘口

the Bible calls the route the way to Bashan

貫穿迦密山

the route continues beyond Bashan to Damascus

進入耶斯列谷

let's see the same routes

米吉多是個前哨

on map 1-2

守護迦密山的關口

where they appear finally highlighted in yellow already

舊約和新約均有提及米吉多

here's the International coastal highway

從米古多所處的區域和路線

smooth sailing until Mount Carmel

可見它的歷史意義

then the route uses a valley pass

從耶斯列谷路線繼續

that runs through Mount Carmel

延伸加利利的海邊

into the Jezreel Valley

再向北走出地圖

note the city of Megiddo

這條路線及其部分

which functions as a sentinel

被稱為國際大道

guarding the pass thru Mount Carmel

連接埃及和美索不達米亞

Megiddo

先祖之路沒有在 圖 1-2 顯為黃色

a city mention in both the Old and New Testaments

它只是當地的道路

draws its historical significance

卻可以尋找出來

from the layout the regions and the routes

它沿著山地的分水嶺

from the Jezreel Valley the route continues

從南部的別是巴

down toward the sea of Galilee

經過希伯崙

and further north off the map

伯利恆

this route in all of its sections

耶路撒冷

is known as the Great international route

伯特利

that connects Egypt and Mesopotamia

示羅

the road of the Patriarchs does not appear

和示劍

in yellow on map 1-2

然後下到耶斯列谷

since it is more of a local route

與國際大道會合

however you can trace it

裂谷路線連接

remember it follows the watershed in the hill country

死海和加利利海

from Beersheba in the south

我們已經標註出裂谷東側

follow it past the cities of Hebron

沿著基列山腳

Bethlehem

最後, 帝王大道

Jerusalem

是通過摩押沿著高原

Bethel

通過拉巴亞捫, 基列

Shiloh

北至巴珊和大馬士革

and Shechem

圖 1-15

then it descends into the Jezreel Valley

我們可看看為什麼

with joins the International route

耶斯列谷是道路的樞紐

the Rift Valley route connects

留意圖是東面向上

the Dead Sea to the Sea of Galilee

北面在左邊

we've marked it out on the east side of the Rift Valley

耶斯列谷形狀，是平坦的三角形

along the foot of Gilead

或箭頭形狀平原

finally the King's Highway

在山地之中

comes through Moab along the plateau

它是個路線樞紐

pass R Amon and Gilead

是最容易跨越東西的通道

North to Bashan and off the map toward Damascus

國際大道經過沿海平原

using map 1-15

在耶斯列谷避過了山地

let's take a closer look at why

繼續走向東北方向

the Jezreel Valley is a hub for routes

同樣地橫貫東西

note that this map is east oriented

連接裂谷之路和帝王之路

north is to the left

和地中海

the Jezreel Valley

同樣穿過耶斯列谷，可避開山地

is a wide flat triangular or Arrowhead shape plain

作為國際路線的交匯

that breaks the hill country

耶斯列谷是穿越東西向最便捷的途徑

it is a hub of routes

耶斯列谷有很多事件發生

since it is the easiest place

因為它是最重要跨越東西通道

to cross east-west

從迦密山望見的耶斯列谷

thru the land the Bible

遠處看見基列和外約旦

we've already seen

米吉多的古老廢墟

how the great international route

俯瞰耶斯列谷

comes along the coastal plain

山谷對面是拿撒勒山脊

and then utilizes the Jezreel Valley

他泊山

avoiding the high hill country

和摩利崗

as it makes its way north east

正如在聖經時代

note likewise a traffic crossing east-west

現代公路通過米吉多隘口

joining both the Rift Valley route

進入耶斯列谷

and Kings Highway with the Mediterranean Sea

還有其他的東西向的山地通道

also avoids high hill country

沒有一個較耶斯列谷方便

by passing through the Jezreel Valley

留意這個橫切面

as the most convenient east-west crossing in the land of the bible

看多困難：從地中海

the Jezreel Valley is an intersection of international routes

經過耶路撒冷山地，到達外約旦

there are many biblical events

由海岸平原上升3000英尺到分水嶺

that occurred in the Jezreel Valley

然後下降 4,000 呎進入裂谷

because it is the number one way

再爬上 4000英尺到達外約旦

to cross east-west through the country

通過耶斯列谷，是比較平坦的旅程

here is the wild Jezreel Valley

上下只是約200英尺

looking from Mount Carmel

我站在這裡的山脊

as far as Gilead in trans-Jordan

在拿撒勒城

and the ruins of ancient Megiddo

我身後是耶斯列谷

overlooking the Jezreel Valley

我的右邊可以看到他泊山

across the valley are the Nazareth ridge

底波拉和巴拉聯同一萬以色列人

Mount Tabor

跟迦南人戰鬥

and the hill of Moreh

我的左邊是摩利崗

as in Biblical times

那裡的斜坡是拿因城

the modern highway comes through the Megiddo pass

在耶穌宣布他有權力使死人復活

into the Jezreel Valley

他在那個城市，叫寡婦的兒子從死裡復活

there are other east-west passages through the hill country

but none are as convenient as the Jezreel Valley

note on this cross-section sketch

how difficult it is to travel from the Mediterranean Sea

to trans-Jordan thru the hill country near Jerusalem

leaving the coastal plain

one ascends nearly 3,000 feet to the hill country watershed

and then descends over 4,000 feet into the Rift Valley

the ascent to trans-Jordan is another 4000 foot climb

in comparison traveling west to east

via the Jezreel Valley involves a relatively flat journey

and the ascent have little over two hundred feet

here I'm standing here on a ridge

I'm in the city of Nazareth

and behind me is the Jezreel Valley

to my right you can see Mount Tabor

where Deborah and Barak got a ten thousand Israelis

go to battle against the Canaanites

and into my left you can see Mount Moreh

where on the slope is the city of Nain

and just after Jesus announced he had the authority to raise the dead

he raised the widow's son from the dead in that city