Name: 【TED-Ed】靠抗議也能夠造成巨大改變 (How to turn protest into powerful change - Eric Liu)
Uploaded: 2016-12-07T21:59:57.000Z
Duration: 4 min 57 s

protesters around the world are challenging the status quo.

世界各地的抗爭者向現狀挑戰着

Protest can thrust issues onto the national or global agenda,

抗爭把不同的聲音逼進了國家甚至世界的議程

it can activate people who have long been on the sidelines of civic life.

它帶動了長期徘徊在城巿生活邊綠的人們

While protest is often necessary, is it sufficient?

既然，抗爭有經常有存在的的必要性．那抗爭有效嗎？

citizen protesters were able to topple dictators.

抗爭的人們可以奪取獨裁者的政權

the vacuum was too often filled by the most militant and violent.

這種政治真空狀態往往充滿了戾氣及暴力

Protest can generate lasting positive change

抗爭可以帶來長久的正面改變，

when it's followed by an equally passionate effort

前提是，抗爭運動的熱情不減，並得以延續，

So here are three core strategies for peacefully turning awareness into action

這裏有三大主要策略，能夠把政治覺悟轉化為實際行為，

and protest into durable political power.

並把抗爭帶入穏健的政治力量中

Let's start with expanding the frame of the possible.

How often have you heard in response to a policy idea,

你上次聽到人們對政策的看法，到現在有多久了？

they're trying to define the boundaries of your civic imagination.

他們努力地展示出公民的想象力和創造力的範圍

The powerful citizen works to push those boundaries outward,

強大的公民運作系統使範圍向外擴展

people, power, ideas, money, social norms -

人民、權力、信念、財富、社會規範，

所有這些聯合起來，使之成為可能？

and not taking as given all the givens of conventional politics

不要認為，所有的政治都是因循守舊

is the first step in converting protest to power.

But this requires concreteness about what it would look like to have, say,

請注意，這要求具體的實行措施

or, by contrast, a big single-payer healthcare system,

或者，剛剛相反，一個大型單一付費醫療系統

a way to hold corporations accountable for their misdeeds,

這是一個讓大企業為他們的錯誤行為負起責任的方法

or, instead, a way to free them from onerous regulations.

或者是，把他們從複雜的規章制度中解放出來

This brings us to the second strategy, choosing a defining fight.

這就要開始第二個策略：尋找決勝時機

Few of us think about civic life in the abstract.

We think about things in relief compared to something else.

我們會和其它的事情比較，作出對形勢的判斷

Powerful citizens set the terms of that contrast.

強勢的公民會為這些比較訂下條件

It simply means thinking about a debate you want to have on your terms

over an issue that captures the essence of the change you want.

This is what the activists pushing for a $15 minimum wage in the U.S. have done.

社會活動家推動 15 元最低工次運動時，就是這樣做的

They don't pretend that $15 by itself can fix inequality,

他們沒有掩飾事實， 15 元的時薪不可以改變社會不公

but with this ambitious and contentious goal,

但是，他們的雄心壯志，帶有爭論性的目標

which they achieved first in Seattle and then beyond,

讓他們在西雅圖取得第一步的成功，一往向前

they have forced a bigger debate about economic justice and prosperity.

他們帶起了更多的關於經濟公義和財富的討論

They've expanded the frame of the possible, strategy one,

他們一步一步地挖掘潛力，這就是第一策略

and created a sharp emblematic contrast, strategy two.

他們創造了有象徵意義的比較，這就是第二策略

The third key strategy, then, is to seek and achieve an early win.

第三個重要的策略是，尋找先機

An early win, even if it's not as ambitious as the ultimate goal,

which changes what people think is possible.

讓人們意識到，改變是可以做得到的

which organized workers in Cold War Poland emerged just this way,

冷戰期間，波蘭的工人運動就是這樣擺脫困境

first, with local shipyard strikes in 1980 that forced concessions,

首先， 1980 年當地造船工人的罷工，成功迫使政府讓步

a nationwide effort that ultimately helped topple

Getting early wins sets in motion a positive feedback loop,

利用媒體，用不同的方式解釋政策，

persuading skeptical neighbors one by one by one.

but this is the history of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement,

美國公民權利運動的歷史就是這樣

You don't have to be anyone special to be part of this grind,

這行軍的路程中，你就算貌不出眾，也可參與其中

You just have to be a participant and to live like a citizen.

抗爭過後，它的力量便能顯示出來

You can be the co-creator of what comes next.

下一步應怎麼走，由你，作出決定