Name: 第0周 (Week 0)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:21:22.000Z
Duration: 50 min 39 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

[MUSIC - ROSSINI, "RANZ DES VACHES" FROM WILLIAM TELL]

>> [MUSIC - THE ENGLISH BEAT, "MARCH OF THE SWIVEL HEADS"]

And 73% of you have no prior experience with computer science,

So today we thought we would chip away at that lack of familiarity, but also

give you a sense of, for those of you with more comfort, which directions

I really have no idea what's inside of a computer, even though, like you, I

But it's some kind of box, and there's not many inputs into it.

>> And indeed with this one ingredient, electricity, we seem to be capable of

But at the end of the day, we have to represent the things

We have to represent information in some form.

And you're probably at least vaguely familiar with the idea by binary or

bits somehow or other, computers reduced to zeros and ones.

But can we embrace that and at least put a bit of light to that?

>> So I have these little desk lamps here.

And I'm going to propose that inside of my computer is at least one of

these things, something capable of being switched on or off.

In this case, it's indeed a desk lamp, but at the lower level, it's something

>> But in our world, it's a desk lamp, so I'm going to go ahead and plug this

And I claim that using this simple, simple device, this simple switch, I

For instance, right now, I am representing nothing, right?

I'm representing what I'll call 0 or false, the opposite of something

But if I simply turn this switch, now I've represented a 1.

So using this very simple piece of memory, if you will, I can represent

>> Now unfortunately, my computer can't do all that much.

It can only represent two values in the whole world--

But what's an obvious solution, now, if we want to expand our computer's

memory and represent more than just 0 and 1?

Let's grab another switch, another transistor, however you'd like to

Let me go ahead and plug this into my computer as well.

And I'm going to claim, now, that by using a bit more electricity and

turning more of these switches on and off, I can represent more such

If I want to now represent 2, I could do this.

But typically, convention, as we'll eventually see, will have me do this.

>> So in this way, still, can we count up even further?

If I get a third bit, a third switch, what's the highest number I can now

Because if I turn this light on and actually plug this third and final

light into my electrical socket here, then I have the ability to represent

any of two values here, two values here, two values here--

and so I can represent 2 times 2 times 2, or eight possible values.

And if I start accounting at 0, so that's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

And I'd argue that this is actually quite familiar to most

Let me go ahead and open a little text editor here.

>> And you might recall from grade school that we had things like the hundreds

place, the tens place, and the ones place.

And recall that if you had some decimal number, like something random

like 123, you would essentially write that out in the form

Well, in the leftmost column, we have one 100 plus two 10s, so that's 120,

>> Now this world that we just illuminated is exactly the same as

you've been familiar with for years, except now, our columns

So whereas that's the ones place, this is going to be the twos place, this is

>> And because I am only using the simplest of mechanisms to turn things

on and off-- electricity is flowing or electricity is not flowing--

I don't quite have the same expressive range as 0 through nine.

We're going to keep it super simple in this world of computers.

>> And so what I'm representing right now is 1, 1, 1, because each of these

Well, that gives me one 4 plus one 2, so that's 6, plus one 1, and that's 7.

And ergo does this sequence of three bits represent the number 7.

>> So all this time, inside of your computer, have been any number of

But at the end of the day, we can represent information

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