Name: 【TED】亞當-格蘭特:原創思想家的驚人習慣（The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant）。 (【TED】Adam Grant: The surprising habits of original thinkers (The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:05:16.000Z
Duration: 15 min 25 s

Seven years ago, a student came to me and asked me to invest in his company.

七年前，有一個學生來找我， 想要我投資他的公司。

He said, "I'm working with three friends,

他說，「我正在和三個朋友合作，

and we're going to try to disrupt an industry by selling stuff online."

我們打算透過網路銷售， 來顛覆一個產業。」

And I said, "OK, you guys spent the whole summer on this, right?"

然後我說，「 好啊，你們一整個夏天 都在搞這件事？，對吧？」

"No, we all took internships just in case it doesn't work out."

「 不，我們也在實習， 預防失敗後也有個後路」

"All right, but you're going to go in full time once you graduate."

「 好吧，但是你們畢業之後， 要全身心地投入到這個工作之中」。

"Not exactly. We've all lined up backup jobs."

「 也不全是，我們都安排好了備份的工作」。

it's the day before the company launches,

and there is still not a functioning website.

但他們仍沒有一個可以用的網站。

"You guys realize, the entire company is a website.

「 你們要知道，整個公司就是一個網站。

And they ended up naming the company Warby Parker.

他們最終給公司取了個名字， 叫 Warby Parke （眼鏡電商）。

They were recently recognized as the world's most innovative company

最近，他們被認為是世界上 最有創新力的公司，

And now? My wife handles our investments.

然後現在呢？換我的老婆在管錢了。

To find out, I've been studying people that I come to call "originals."

為了找出答案，我一直在研究一群人， 我稱他們為「原創者」。

原創者是那些不按常理行事的人，

They are people who stand out and speak up.

這些人敢於站出表達自己的想法。

Originals drive creativity and change in the world.

原創者駕馭著世上的創造力和改變。

這是一群你想要為之下注的人。

但是他們看上去並不是你期望的人。

I want to show you today three things I've learned

我今天想要告訴各位， 我學到的三件事，

and becoming a little bit more like them.

So the first reason that I passed on Warby Parker

所以我拒絕 Warby Parker 的第一個原因，

was they were really slow getting off the ground.

Now, you are all intimately familiar with the mind of a procrastinator.

各位應該都知道「拖延者」心理的想法。

Well, I have a confession for you. I'm the opposite. I'm a precrastinator.

有件事我必須向你們承認，我剛好相反， 我是個「提前症患者」。

You know that panic you feel a few hours before a big deadline

各位應該了解， 離截止日期只剩幾個小時

而你卻還沒做任何事情的恐慌。

I just feel that a few months ahead of time.

而我卻是覺得我提前了幾個月。

So this started early: when I was a kid, I took Nintendo games very seriously.

很早前我就是這樣：我小時候， 非常癡迷於任天堂的遊戲。

start playing and not stop until I had mastered them.

一直玩到我完全掌握這個遊戲為止。

Eventually it got so out of hand that a local newspaper came

最後我玩到一個無法控制的地步， 讓當地報紙找到我，

and did a story on the dark side of Nintendo, starring me.

做了一篇任天堂黑暗面 的故事，我主演的。

Since then, I have traded hair for teeth.

從此之後，我就開始 用我的頭髮去換牙齒了。

because I finished my senior thesis four months before the deadline.

因為我在截止期前四個月 就完成了我的畢業論文。

And I was proud of that, until a few years ago.

I had a student named Jihae, who came to me and said,

我有一個叫做 Jihae 的學生， 找到我對我說：

"I have my most creative ideas when I'm procrastinating."

「在我拖延的時候， 我的創造力總是噴湧而出」

And I was like, "That's cute, where are the four papers you owe me?"

然後我說：「你真可愛， 那你欠我的四篇論文呢？」

No, she was one of our most creative students,

不，她是我們最有創造力的學生之一，

and as an organizational psychologist, this is the kind of idea that I test.

身為一位組織心理學家， 這是我要測試的一種想法。

所以，我質問她，請她拿數據出來。

She has people fill out surveys about how often they procrastinate.

她讓人們填寫了關於 他們拖延頻率的調查問卷。

Then she gets their bosses to rate how creative and innovative they are.

她找到他們的上司， 去給他們的創新力和創造力評分，

And sure enough, the precrastinators like me,

像我這樣喜歡提前的， 每天早早的衝著做事的人，

than people who procrastinate moderately.

So I want to know what happens to the chronic procrastinators.

所以我想知道那些慢性拖延症患者 的身上到底發生了什麼。

She was like, "I don't know. They didn't fill out my survey."

她說「我不知道，他們沒有填寫調查。」

You actually do see that the people who wait until the last minute

實際上，你確實看到這些 總是等到最後一分鐘的人。

are so busy goofing off that they don't have any new ideas.

總在忙於消磨時間， 以至於他們沒有仍何新的點子。

And on the flip side, the people who race in

are in such a frenzy of anxiety that they don't have original thoughts either.

總是沉浸在緊張與恐慌中， 也沒有任何原創的想法。

There's a sweet spot where originals seem to live.

看起來似乎有一個 原創力的最佳甜蜜點。

Maybe original people just have bad work habits.

也許原創性格的人， 只是有不好的工作習慣。

Maybe procrastinating does not cause creativity.

To find out, we designed some experiments.

為了找到答案，我們設計了一些實驗。

We asked people to generate new business ideas,

我要求他們創造出新的商業想法，

接著我們找到了一些獨立的讀者，

to evaluate how creative and useful they are.

去評價這個想法的創新性和實用性。

And some of them are asked to do the task right away.

然後，有些人會立即 被要求開始做那項任務。

Others we randomly assign to procrastinate

And sure enough, the moderate procrastinators

are 16 percent more creative than the other two groups.

創造力比其他兩組高出了百分之十六。

Now, Minesweeper is awesome, but it's not the driver of the effect,

掃雷十分有趣，但卻不是 這種現象的主因，

because if you play the game first before you learn about the task,

因為，如果你在知道這個任務之前 就先玩遊戲，

It's only when you're told that you're going to be working on this problem,

只有當你在被告知， 你要去解決這個問題的時候，

but the task is still active in the back of your mind,

但這個任務會在你的腦中運轉著。

Procrastination gives you time to consider divergent ideas,

拖延給了你時間，去發散你的思維，

to think in nonlinear ways, to make unexpected leaps.

用一種非線性的方式去思考， 來達到意想不到的成效。

So just as we were finishing these experiments,

所以，在我們結束這些實驗的時候，

I was starting to write a book about originals,

我開始著手寫一本 有關原創者的書，

and I thought, "This is the perfect time to teach myself to procrastinate,

然後我在想：「當我在寫『拖延』這個章節的時候，

【TED】亞當-格蘭特:原創思想家的驚人習慣（The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant）。 (【TED】Adam Grant: The surprising habits of original thinkers (The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant))

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【TED】亞當-格蘭特:原創思想家的驚人習慣（The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant）。 (【TED】Adam Grant: The surprising habits of original thinkers (The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant))

people

fear

doubt

task