In this lesson, we will learn some phrases that we use to talk about work with our friends, family, colleagues, etc.

在這堂課中，我們將會學到幾個工作的慣用語，可以與朋友們、家人、同事等等一起談論工作時用到

So, you will see some sentences, as well as some questions that you can use to talk about your job.

所以，你們將會看到幾個句子和幾個談論到工作時可以問的問題

So, let's start with some basic questions that people might ask about your work, your job.

那我們先看幾個最常被問到的工作問題

For example, the most basic one, if you have a job: "Where do you work?"

例如：如果你們有一份工作，最常會被問到的是：「你們在哪裡工作（Where do you work）？」

Right? Where do you work? Do you work at Microsoft, maybe?

你們在哪裡工作？你們是在Microsoft工作嗎？

Do you work at Google? Do you work somewhere else?

你們是在Google工作嗎？還是你們在某間公司任職？

And, this is a very common question, especially if you don't have, you know, like a set schedule where you work,

而這一個問題也蠻常見的。特別是你們沒有特定的工作時間

you can say: "Hey. When do you start?" Right? If you ask a person:

你們可以問：「嘿！你們幾點工作（When do you start）？」如果你們問某人：

"When do you start? Do you start at 8 o'clock? 9 o'clock? 10 o'clock?"

「你們幾點工作？你們是八點就開始上班嗎？九點？還是十點？」

This might be a common question, you know, if you're wondering if you can have breakfast with someone or maybe lunch with someone,

這可能也是個常見的問題。你們知道的，如果你們想約某人一起吃個早餐或是午餐

depending on if they work in the afternoon, if they work in the morning, etc.

就要看他們是在下午工作還是早上，等等

And obviously, you can also ask when a person finishes their job. "When do you finish?" Okay?

你們當然也可以問某人哪時候下班：「你們哪時候下班（When do you finish）？」

Two other ways that we can ask when a person is finished are:

還有另外兩個方式可以來問某人哪時候下班：

"Hey. When are you off?"

「嘿！你們哪時候下班？（When are you off）？」

Okay? So, if you say: "When are you off?" you know, you're asking them:

如果你們問：「你們哪時候下班？」你們的意思就是：

What time do you finish? Same with this:

「你們哪時候下班？」。也可以這麼問：

"When do you get off work?,"

「你們哪時候下班（When do you get off work）？」

"When do you get off work?,"

「你們哪時候下班？」

"When do you finish work?" All right?

「你們哪時候下班（When do you finish work）？」

So, again, you can say: "When do you finish?," "When are you off?," "When do you get off work?"

所以呢，你們可以問：「你們哪時候下班（When do you finish／When are you off／When do you get off work）？」

Now, some sentences that we can use. You can say:

現在，這邊有幾個回答的句子可以參考。你們可以說：

"Oh, I work day shift.,"

「哦！我是日班的（day shift）」、

"I work afternoon shift." or "I work night shift."

「我是下午班的（afternoon shift）」、或是「我是夜班的（night shift）」

Now, a shift is basically the time... The period of time, the block of time of work that you do.

a shift基本上指的是時間．．．一段你們工作的時間

So, if you work in a factory, usually factories, a lot of them are open 24 hours per day.

所以，如果你們在工廠工作，通常每天都是二十四小時制的

They have some people who work in the daytime, some people work in the afternoon,

他們會有些員工是在日班工作、有些人在下午班工作的、

some people work at nighttime. So you can say:

而有些人則是夜班的。你們可以說：

"Oh, I'm on day shift.,"

「哦！我是早班的（be on day shift）」

"I am on afternoon shift.,"

「我是下午班的（be on afternoon shift）」

"I am on night shift."

「我是夜班的（be on night shift）」

Instead of saying, you know: "I work day shift, afternoon shift, night shift,"

與其講：「我是日班的、下午班的、夜班的（day shift/afternoon shift/night shift）」

you can also say: "I'm on days.," "I'm on afternoons.," "I'm on nights."

你們也可以簡單回答：「我是早班、下午班、夜班（be on days/on afternoons/on nights）」

And this can change, depending on how your schedule works.

這是可變化的，就看你們的工作時間是在哪時候

You can say: "I'm on afternoons this week, but next week I'm on days."

你們可以說：「我這個禮拜是下午班。但，下禮拜是早班」

And again, this is important information, depending on who you're talking to,

要記得，這是重要的細節，就看你們是在跟誰聊天

if they want to get together with you for something, it's important to know.

如果他們是想跟你們聚在一起慶祝某事，這對他們來講將會是很重要的資訊

-"What shift are you on next week?"

－「你們下禮拜是哪時候的班（What shift are you on next week）？」

-"Next week I'm on nights, so that means that we can get together for dinner before I start work." Okay?

－「我下禮拜是夜班的，意思是我們可以在我工作之前一起吃頓晚餐」

Now, "overtime." "Overtime" is time that you work longer than you are expected to legally work.

「overtime」意思是你們超過正常工作時間值

So, for example, in most companies... I'm just going to talk about the North American context.

例如 ，在很多公司．．．像是在北美的公司

Typically, one week a person is expected to work in most jobs 40 hours per week.

在大多數的工作中，一般人一個禮拜的工作時間為四十個小時

If you work beyond that, you can work overtime. Right? You work overtime.

如果你們工作時間超過那個正常值，你們就是工作超時。你們超時工作（work overtime）

Or if you work eight hours per day, if you work more than eight hours per day, you work overtime.

或者如果你們一天工作基本為八小時。但，你們每天工作都超過八小時，你們就是超時工作

So a person, your friends, colleague, family member can ask you:

所以，某人、你們的朋友們、同事、家人會問你們：

"Hey. Are you doing overtime tonight?"

「嘿！你們今晚要加班嗎（Are you doing overtime tonight）？」

Or: "Are you working overtime tonight?"

或是「你們今晚要加班嗎（Are you working overtime tonight）？」

And short form for overtime: you can also say "OT."

overtime可以縮寫成：「OT」

"Are you doing OT tonight?"

「你們今晚要加班嗎（Are you doing OT tonight）？」

You can say: "Yeah, I'm staying OT."

你們可以回答：「對阿，我今晚要加班（staying OT）」、

Or: "I'm staying for two hours of OT." for example.

或像是「我今天要加兩小時的班（staying for two hours of OT）」

Okay, next: maybe a common sentence for you, maybe not; depends on who you are.

下一個，這可能對你們一些人而言是個常見的句型

So, for example, here I wrote:

像我這邊寫的：

"Jackie called in sick last Friday."

「Jackie上禮拜五請病假（called in sick ）」

So if you are sick and you call your job to tell them:

如果你們生病了，打電話請假時：

"I'm sick. I can't come today." you are calling in sick.

「我感冒了，我今天沒辦法上班」。那你們就是請病假

So the phrase is "call in." Okay? You might... Your friend might also tell you:

這個片語「call in （打）」。你們的朋友可能會說：

"Hey. Monday, you know, we're going to have a big party on Sunday night,

「嘿！你們知道嗎？我們星期日晚上有個大派對

so Monday you're going to be very tired. Just call in. Call in."

所以，你們星期一會非常的累。就打電話請假吧（call in）！

Or: "Call in sick." Okay?

或可以說：「Call in sick」

I'm not recommending this, but it's something people do.

我不推薦這句話。但，人們有時就會這麼做

Next: "I need a vacation."

下一個：「我需要放個假」

And if you want to say you have been working really hard, one expression you can use is:

如果你們已經工作的非常累，你們可以說：

"I've been working like a dog." Okay?

「我一直辛勤地工作（I've been working like a dog）」

You think of a dog like

你們想想看狗

[pants like a dog] like this,

｛像狗的喘氣聲｝

if you are working very hard, you can say: "I've been working like a dog."

如果你們一直辛勤地工作，你們可以說：「我一直像狗一樣，賣命的工作」

Another more slang-like expression that I'll put here, you can also say (cover your ears, children):

另外一個，你們可以用的表達方式是：（小孩們摀住你們的耳朵）

"I've been working my ass off."

「我一直拼死拼活的工作（I've been working my ass off）」

I'm sorry, my marker is not working very well here, but I'll do my best.

不好意思，我的馬克筆有點缺水。但，我會寫清楚一點

So you can say: "I have been working my ass off."

所以，你們也可以說：「我一直辛辛苦苦的工作（I've been working my ass off）」

Your ass or your butt. You can say: "my butt off" if you want it to be a little more polite. Okay?

你們的屁股（ass/butt）。你們可以說：「my butt off」，這樣聽起來會比較有禮貌

Because you're working so hard that I guess your butt starts to sweat or it falls off, maybe. I don't know.

因為你們工作太辛苦，我想你們的屁股都開始飆汗或可能都要掉了。我只是猜測而已

Another common phrase, you know, if you are at a job where you work part time, maybe you're a student,

另一個常見的慣用語是。如果你們做的是兼職，像是學生

and maybe there are people with more experience, more seniority than you,

可能在職場中會有較資深的同事們

you could say: "I'm not getting enough hours."

你們可以說：「我的工時數沒有達到我想要的標準」

This means my employer, the person who gives me the job is not giving me enough work.

意思是我的雇主（employer），給我工作的那個人，沒有給我足夠的工作量

So I'm working 10 hours a week, that's it. I need minimum 15 hours, 20 hours,

例如，我一個禮拜工作十小時。但，我想要至少能工作十五或是二十小時的工作量

maybe you want more hours than that to survive as a student or whatever your life situation is.

你們可能想要工作時數多一點，這樣你們才可以擁有更好的生活品質，像是學生

We'll move over here. Another common phrase:

我們來看這邊。另一個常見的慣用語：

"Hey. Can you come in early?"

「嘿！你們可以早一點到公司嗎（come in ）？」

This might be your boss asking you: "Can you come in early?"

這可能是你們的老闆會要求你們的：「你們可以早一點到公司嗎（come in ）？」

If you come in early, you come in before your job is scheduled to start. Okay?

你們早點到公司，不要快到上班時間才趕到公司

And another way to say: "I worked overtime," you can say:

「I worked overtime」的另一個表達方式是：

"Last night, I had to stay late."

「我昨晚加班（stay late）」

So maybe, you know, you are an employee,

你們可能是員工

you work at a job where you can't finish everything in your eight hours, or nine hours, or whatever you work,

你們的工作內容不可能能在八小時或是九小時中完成

and you have to stay later, later, later - you can tell your friends:

你們要待到很晚很晚－你們可以對朋友們說：

"I had to stay late last night."

「我昨晚加班（stay late）」

Or you tell them today: "Sorry, I can't come dancing," or:

或是你們今天可以跟他們說：「不好意思，我今天不可以跟你們一起跳舞」或是

"I can't go to the movie. I have to stay late. I have to work more at my job."

「我今天不行跟你們一起去看電影，我要加班，完成工作」

And again, talking about vacation:

談到休假時：

"Have you had any time off this year?"

「你們今年有休假嗎（time off）？」

So, you can say: "I need some time off."

你們可以回答：「我需要休個假」

Time off is time away from work; you're not really working. Right?

Time off是離開工作的一段時間。你們沒有任何時間花費在工作上

You're taking a vacation, paid, usually. I hope.

你們通常休假也會有薪水可拿。希望我沒有說錯

And finally: "She took a day off yesterday."

最後：「她昨天請了一天的假（take a day off）」

We talked about taking a sick day, being sick.

我們剛講過請病假（ taking a sick day）和生病（being sick）

You can also take a day off because you have a personal emergency, or

你們也可以take a day off，因為你們有個人因素、

you have a schedule with a doctor, or something like that. You can take a day off.

預約了門診、或是其他事情。你們請了個假

All right, so a lot of vocabulary here.

好了！這裡有很多的字彙

If you'd like to test your understanding of the structure of these phrases, questions, all of this vocabulary,

如果你們想要看看你們是否了解這些慣用語、問答、和這些字彙

as always, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.

一如往常的，你們可以到www.engvid.com.做個小測驗

And please don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel.

不要忘記訂閱我的YouTube頻道

Don't work too hard. See you, guys.

不要太累。下次見，各位！