something many students wonder about, and that is when we use "to" and "ing" together.

很多學生感到疑惑的問題，什麼時候 to 和 ing 會一起出現

Sorry.

不好意思

Okay, so for example... Yeah: "What???" Many students, when they see this, it "poof" their minds;

好，舉例來說....對，什麼啊??? 很多學生看到這個組合腦袋就打結了

they have no idea: What is this? It goes against all the rules they've learned. So I'm going

他們搞不清楚這是什麼情況，因為這不符合他們學習過的所有文法。

to explain to you when this happens, and how we can use it. So, let's look at some examples.

所以我要來解釋這種情況什麼時候會發生，而我們是如何使用它的 我們來看看這些例子

This is the most common example of this you will see:

這是最常見的例子

"I look forward to meeting you."

I look forward to meeting you

Notice we have our verb: "look forward", and then we have this little guy, here, "to",

我們看到動詞 look forward 然後這邊又有一個 to

and then we also have "ing". Okay?

而且後面又接了一個 ing 對吧?

So, in this case, it's very strange. We're going

這個狀況非常的奇特

to learn about why this is in a moment, but before we do that, I want to tell you some

在我們要來學這到底是怎麼一回事之前，我想先讓你了解一些基本規則

of the basic rules so you can understand, first off: What am I talking about with "ing",

首先，我什麼狀況下會用 ing

and what am I talking about with "to"?

什麼狀況下會用 to

So let's look at the basic rules. This is all about when you have two verbs in a sentence.

讓我們看一下這基本規則， 這些是當一個句子包含兩個動詞的所有狀況

For example: "thank" is the first verb, and "help" is the second verb. Okay?

以這個例子來說，thank 是動詞一，help 是動詞二，對吧?

What you will notice in English, the first rule is:

在英語中的第一個規則：

Any time you have a preposition between the first verb and the second,

當動詞一和動詞二之間有介係詞

you're going to use "ing". A preposition is a word like "for",

動詞必須加 ing

"to", "about", "toward", "up", "down", "in", "out", all of these words that kind of tell

介係詞就是像 for, to, about, toward, up, down, in, out

us where something is located, these are called "prepositions". So, whenever you see a preposition

這些詞用途比較像是表達物體的所在位置，這些就是「介係詞」

after a verb, this next verb is going to end in "ing".

所以當你看到一個動詞後面接了介係詞，下一個動詞必須加上 ing

So our example here: "I thank you for helping me."

以這個例子來說，I thank you for helping me

Similarly, we have our verb: "interested", "I'm interested", so this is the verb. And

同樣的，這邊有個動詞 interested，我感到有興趣，這是一個動詞

we have a second verb: "learn". So, if we have a preposition after the first verb:

然後是第二個動詞 learn 如果動詞一後面接了一個介係詞

"I'm interested in", you're going to see that the second verb is going to end in "ing".

我對什麼感興趣，你就會發現動詞二後面加上 ing

"I'm interested in learning English."

I'm interested in learning English

So we don't say: "I'm interested in to learn English."

所以我們不會說 I'm interested in to learn English

Similarly, we don't say: "I thank you to help me."

同樣的，我們不會說 I thank you to help me

If you have a preposition like "for",

如果句子有 for, in, out 這些介係詞的話

"in", "out", you are going to have the second verb with "ing".

句子中的第二個動詞必須加上 ing

Okay, some verbs... These are verbs without prepositions.

好的，有些動詞.... 這些動詞是不需要介係詞的

If we have two verbs and there's

如果一個句子有兩個動詞

no preposition between them, they will either be verb with a second verb ending in "ing",

而中間沒有介係詞連接，要麼第二個動詞結尾加上 ing

or a verb plus the second verb beginning in "to".

要麼第二個動詞之前加上 to

So let's look at some examples so you understand what I'm talking about.

我們來看一些例子讓你了解我在講什麼

Okay, I have here the verb "enjoy". Here's my first verb.

好，這邊是第一個動詞，enjoy

Think of a second verb we can use. Let's say "eat".

我看看有什麼動詞我們可以用的，就 eat 吧

With the verb "enjoy", the verb that follows is always going to end

在 enjoy 這個動詞後面的第二個動詞

in "ing". "I enjoy eating.",

結尾必須加上 ing: I enjoy eating

"I enjoy reading.", "I enjoy listening to music.",

I enjoy reading, I enjoy listening to music.

"I enjoy shopping."

I enjoy shopping

Okay? So, in this case, the second verb will always end in "ing".

好，所以在這種狀況之下，第二個動詞結尾都要加上 ing

We have another example, here: "I started".

這是另一個例子， I started

"I started", let's think of a verb, any verb. "fish".

我開始，讓我們想一個動詞，什麼都可以，fish

"I started fishing." So, again, this is the first verb, here's the second verb,

我開始釣魚，所以這邊是動詞一，這是動詞二

second verb ends in "ing". I en-... Or: "I started drinking.",

動詞二結尾加上 ing I started drinking

"I started eating my dinner." Okay?

I started eating my dinner 懂嗎?

Then we also have some verbs that you will see... Here's the first verb: "decided".

然後還有一些動詞像是... 這是動詞一 decided

The second verb does not end in "ing". "I decided to", what's a verb we can use here?

動詞二結尾不加 ing I decided to 這邊有什麼動詞可以放

"watch".

watch

"I decided to watch TV." Okay?

I decided to watch 對吧

"I want to

I want to

eat ice cream."

eat ice cream

So, in this case, we have two verbs-so verb one, verb two; verb one, verb two

在這種情況下我們有兩個動詞，動詞一，動詞二，動詞一，動詞二

-the second verb begins with the word "to".

第二個動詞前面要加 to

Now, other teachers on engVid have already covered this information.

到目前為止，在 engVid 的其他老師都已經教過了

What you will notice is that some verbs are always like this, some verbs are always like this,

你會發現有些動詞一般會這樣用，有一些會這樣用

and some verbs do both.

而有一些動詞兩者皆可用

It's pretty much you have to memorize: When is it "ing"...? Sorry. "ing", and when

你可能會背：哪些動詞 ing，不好意思，ing

is it "to"? What we're really interested in today is this, this really confusing thing:

哪些動詞要加 to 而我們今天想知道的是這個令人困惑的狀況

Why is it "ing" and "to"? All right?

為什麼又有 ing 又有 to? 對吧?

So let's look at some more examples of this, and I

好，讓我們多看幾個例句

will tell you the rule on when we use "ing" and "to" together.

我在告訴你 to 和 ing 一起用的情況是怎樣

Okay, so I've explained to you the three rules we use when we have two verbs together. Okay?

好的，我剛剛已經解釋過一個句子有兩個動詞時會有的三種情況

Sometimes you have a verb followed by "ing", sometimes you have a verb followed by "to",

有時候動詞結尾要接 ing，有時候動詞後面要加 to

and in the case of prepositions, you have a verb followed by "ing". So I've taught you

遇到有介係詞的時候，動詞結尾要接 ing

these three rules. Now we're going to look at when we have both "ing" and "to" together.

這三個規則剛剛講過。現在我們要來學什麼時候 ing 和 to 會同時用

Okay? So, "ing" and "to" together.

好，ing 和 to 同時出現

So in this case, we have two verbs. The first verb is: "I look forward to".

所以在這個狀況下，句子中有兩個動詞。動詞一：I look forward to

The second verb is: "meeting". Okay? So we have two verbs.

動詞二：meeting。對吧? 句子有兩個動詞

In this case, "to" is acting as a preposition.

在這裡，to 的功能是介係詞

Okay? So just like what we said before with "up", "down", "in", "out",

所以就像我們之前提過的 up, down, in, out

in this case, "to" is a preposition. This is actually a phrasal verb.

在這邊 to 是介係詞，這整個其實是一個動詞片語

It's actually almost like it's the same

你可以把它整個看做一個動詞

verb. "To" is a part of "look forward". You can't have: "I look forward meeting". No.

to 是 look forward的一部份，所以把 to 移除，不行

"To" is a part of the verb. So, in this case because it's a phrasal verb and "to" is a

to 就是整個動詞的一部份，因為它是一個動詞片語而 to 是介係詞

preposition, "meeting" is going to have "ing".

所以 meeting 結尾要接 ing

Another way to look at this is if you look at this next example:

下一個例子可以幫你從另一個角度來看

"I look forward to ice cream."

I look forward to ice cream

In this case, we only have one verb. We have "look forward to", this is the verb,

這個狀況之下只有一個動詞，look forward to

"ice cream". We don't have a second verb; instead, we have a noun.

這個句子中沒有第二個動詞，取而代之的是名詞，ice cream

This is fine. This is the test you can do. If "to" can be followed only by a noun,

這個句子是沒問題的，如果 to 只能接一個名詞

then we know that it's actually

那它其實就是

a part of the verb. Okay?

這整個動詞的一部份，對吧?

So: "I look forward to ice cream." I can do this with "to", but

所以I look forward to ice cream 這邊可以用 to，但是

I can't say: "I hope to ice cream." In this case, this does not work; "to" is separate,

我不能說 I hope to ice cream 在這個狀況不成立，因為 to 是獨立的

so we... It's separate from "hope", so we could say instead: "I hope to eat",

她跟動詞 hope 是分開的，所以我們可以這樣說 I hope to eat

you'd need to add a verb, here. "I need to eat ice cream."

這裡必須加上一個動詞，I need to eat ice cream

So in this case, "to" is a part of it, it's a preposition;

上面這個狀況，to 是整個動詞的一部份，功能是一個介係詞

in this case, when we have two verbs, "to" is separating them.

下面這個狀況，一個句子有兩個動詞的時候 to 是用來區隔它們的

So they're two different cases.

所以這是兩種不同的狀況

Let's look at some more examples.

我們來看其他的例子

"You will get used to living here."

You will get used to living here.

We have the verb "get used to",

這是一個動詞 get used to

it's considered like one chunk: "get used to". It's a phrasal verb. And then

可以把它看成一個區塊，一個動詞片語

we have our second verb.

然後這是第二個動詞

"You will get used to living here." We have "to" and we also

You will get used to living here，這邊有 to

have "ing". In this case, "to" is a preposition, and that's why it is followed by a verb with

而且也有 ing，這個狀況 to 是用做介係詞，所以後面的動詞結尾加上 ing

"ing". "Get used to" means to become accustomed to. Okay? So, for example, some of my students

Get used to 的意思是說習慣了的，了解嗎? 舉例來說

have come to Canada, and at first the cold is very terrible in the wintertime, they hate

我的有些學生來到加拿大，冬天的嚴寒讓他們受不了

the cold, but they get used to it, and then the cold is no problem; they get accustomed

但後來他們就適應了，冷就不是一個問題，他們已經習慣了

to it. Again, just like with this, we could change this to a noun. I could say:

這邊我們同樣可以用名詞取代，我可以這樣說：

"You will get used to winter.",

You will get used to winter

"You will get used to English."

You will get used to English

Or I can have a verb. Both are possible,

這裡也可以換成動詞，兩者皆可

so we know that this is a chunk.

所以我們知道這是一個區塊

We have another example: Judge Judy.

這邊還有一個例子：Judge Judy

"Judge Judy objects to lying."

Judge Judy objects to lying

"Objects" means she

Objects 意思是

gets angry, she does not approve; she disapproves of lying.

她生氣了，她不同意，她拒絕說謊

So, again, we have "to"

又來了，這邊有個 to

and we have "ing" together.

而且 ing 同時存在

The verb is "objects to", it's one unit. And "lying" is our second verb.

動詞 objects to，是一個單位，而說謊則是第二個動詞

Okay?

了解嗎?

A third example: "I resorted to stealing." Okay?

第三個例子：

"I resorted to stealing."

I resorted to stealing

or "I confessed to stealing."

或是 I confessed to stealing

If you resort to something, it means although you didn't really want to

你不得不做某事，代表說雖然你不想去做這件事

do it, you had to do it. So, for example, imagine I have a big test and I know I'm going

但是你必須這麼做，舉例來說，當你面臨一項重大考試，而你知道你將會不及格

to fail, so I decide to cheat. I resorted to cheating.

所以你決定作弊。我不得不作弊

Usually we resort to doing something bad.

通常我們不得不去做某件壞事

So: "I resorted to stealing." Again, we have "to", and we have "ing".

I resorted to stealing，這邊 to 和 ing 同時存在

The reason we have both is "resorted" and "to" are a unit;

原因是因為 resorted 和 to 是同一組

they go together. They always go together,

它們永遠都在同一組，不會分開

so we can't say: "I resort stealing", it's always: "I resorted to stealing."

所以我們不能說 I resort stealing，只能用 I resorted to stealing.

Same with the word "confess". If you confess to something, it means you tell someone what you did wrong.

confess 這個詞也是一樣，如果你坦承某件事，代表你向別人承認錯誤

Okay, so: "I confessed to stealing." So, again, just like "resorted to",

所以只能說 I confessed to stealing 就像是 resorted to一樣

"confessed to", it's

confessed to 是同一組

one unit. Okay? So these words go together. "To", in this case, is a preposition,

了解吧? 這兩個詞要一起用，to 在這種情況是介係詞

"confess to" is a phrasal verb, so afterwards, "stealing" is going to end in "ing".

confess to 是動詞片語，所以其後的動詞 steal 結尾必須加上 ing

Okay, our final example:

好的，最後一個例子

"I'm opposed to living in Antarctica."

I'm opposed to living in Antartica

This means: "I'm against living in Antarctica."

意思是「我反對住在南極」

I don't know why I'm against it. I mean, I guess I hate the cold, although

我不知道為什麼要反對，可能是雖然我喜歡企鵝

I love penguins. I'm going to say:

但我討厭寒冷的氣候，我可以這樣說

"I'm opposed to living in Antarctica."

I'm opposed to living in Antarctica.

Now, "I'm opposed to",

這邊 I'm opposed to

it's a unit; it goes together. It's a phrasal verb. So, this means that it's a verb

是一個單位，它們是一組動詞片語，所以它們整個是一組動詞

that always has "to" as a preposition.

to是一個介係詞

So, because "to" is a preposition, the verb afterwards

既然 to 是介係詞，

is going to have "ing".

後面的動詞結尾必須加上 ing

So: "I'm opposed to living in Antarctica.",

所以會變成 I'm opposed to living in Antarctica

"I'm opposed to drinking and driving.",

I'm opposed to drinking and driving.

"I'm opposed to doing drugs." Okay?

I'm opposed to doing drugs.

So, again, I could even get rid of this

同樣的，我可以把這個動詞

and use a noun, I could say: "I'm opposed to drugs.",

用名詞替換掉，變成 I'm opposed to drugs.

"I'm opposed to doing drugs."

I'm opposed to doing drugs.

All right, so again, key here: Sometimes we have "to" and "ing" together between a verb.

好的，今天的重點是這個: 有時候兩個動詞之間既有 to 又有 ing

We do this when we have "to" as a phrasal verb, and "to" is acting as a preposition.

這時候 to 是動詞片語的一部份，to 就當介係詞用

All right, so I hope you come visit our website at www.engvid.com.

好的，希望你們可以造訪我們的網站 www.engvid.com

There, you can do a quiz to make sure that you understand this video, and that you

你可以在官網做個測驗，看你是否真的了解這支學習影片

have mastered the concepts in it.

可以幫助你了解這個概念

You'll also see a lot more examples of when we use "to" and "ing".

你也可以看到更多 to 和 ing 同時使用的例句

So until next time, thank you for watching and take care.

感謝您的收看，我們下次再見