capital. These attacks come just a few days after the capture of Salah Abdeslam, one of

恐怖攻擊發生在Salah Abdeslam被捕後幾天

the terrorists involved in the recent Paris attacks. Abdeslam was found in a controversial

他是參與巴黎恐攻的兇嫌之一，Abdeslam被捕地點

Belgian neighborhood known for Muslim extremism. With terrorist activity both starting and

在比利時一處以穆斯林極端份子聞名的社區內，恐怖活動的開始

ending in Belgium, we wanted to know, why do so many terrorists come from Belgium?

和結束都在比利時，究竟比利時為何有如此多恐怖份子？

Well, over the past few years, more than 500 Belgians have reportedly left their country

過去幾年，據報有500多名比利時人離開國家

to fight alongside Sunni extremist terror groups in Iraq and Syria. And while other

前往伊拉克或敘利亞參與遜尼派極端恐怖組織作戰

European countries face the same issue, Belgium produces considerably more foreign fighters

雖然歐洲各國也有相同問題，但比利時出身的人均恐怖份子人數

per capita than any other nation in the European Union: Roughly 46 Belgians for every million

卻大幅超越歐盟各國，每一百萬比利時人就有46個成為恐怖份子

residents become foreign fighters, compared to just 18 per million for France, and even

相較法國每百萬人只有18人，巴勒斯坦甚至只有

28 per million for Palestine.

百萬分之28人

And while there is no clear concrete reason why Belgium has a disproportionate share of

雖然比利時的激進份子人數比例如此高，沒有清楚明確的原因

extremists, there are a few proposed explanations. One contributing factor is the neighborhood

但還是有人提出幾個解釋，其中一個是莫倫貝克社區

of Molenbeek. This is a predominantly Muslim area, with a very high percentage of foreign

此處居民大部分是穆斯林，外國居民比例極高

residents. This neighborhood has been implicated in at least three terror attacks since 2014.

從2014年起，莫倫貝克就和至少3起恐攻扯上關係

Following the Paris attacks, the now-captured Abdeslam was able to hide with the help of

巴黎恐攻後，現已被捕的Abdeslam就在此處居民幫助下躲藏起來

neighborhood residents. Police have been attacked in the neighborhood, and even stabbed by Belgian-born

警察也曾在此遭受攻擊，甚至遭到生於比利時的激進份子刺傷

extremists, with little recourse by law enforcement.

連執法單位也無法處理問題

Another proposed reason focuses on the actual Islamic teachings found in Belgium. Belgian

另一個理由指向出現在比利時的伊斯蘭教教義

security agencies suggest that Saudi Arabia has a large hand in sponsoring their sect

比利時安全單位指出，沙烏地阿拉伯大手筆贊助布魯塞爾的伊斯蘭教派

of Islam in Brussels, called Wahhabism. This ultraconservative, fundamentalist branch is

瓦哈比教派，此教派極端保守、尊崇基本教義

followed by terror groups like ISIS and Al-Qaeda. The Great Mosque of Brussels, the largest

受到ISIS和蓋達組織所信奉，布魯塞爾大清真寺是比利時境內最大清真寺

in the country, is sponsored by Saudi Arabia.

也得到沙烏地阿拉伯的贊助

But one of the biggest factors in Islamic extremism in Europe is the two-sided isolation

但造成歐洲伊斯蘭激進份子的最大原因是外國居民

encountered by foreign residents. As in France, incoming ethnic minorities often find themselves

面臨的兩面孤立處境，例如在法國，移入的族裔弱勢團體

living in poorer regions, and separated from long time residents. In neighborhoods like

時常住在窮困地區，並與當地的原本居民間有隔閡

Molenbeek, the unemployment rate is around 30% and even higher for the youth. And while

在類似莫倫貝克的社區裡，失業率約30%，年輕人失業率則更高

right wing parties use minorities as a scapegoat for crime, violence, and cultural disruption,

而右翼政黨指責弱勢團體犯罪、暴力、擾亂文化

left wing parties ignore religious intolerance. Not only does this polarize Muslim communities,

左翼政黨又忽略宗教衝突問題，這不只將穆斯林團體推向極點

but it also further alienates everyday Muslims, who see little support from either side. Without

也疏離了普通穆斯林，他們在兩方都得不到支持

moderate empowerment to stand up against extremism, extremism flourishes.

在政府沒有適當壓制激進份子的狀況下，激進勢力蓬勃發展

On top of all that, Brussels is a central target for terrorism, as it hosts both the

除此之外，布魯塞爾是恐怖攻擊的重點目標

EU and NATO headquarters. In the end, while Belgium does have a disproportionate number

歐盟和北約總部都在這裡，結論是，比利時雖然有很多恐怖份子

of foreign fighters and terrorists, the problems faced by the country are not unique. Other

其他國家卻也有相同問題

European countries like France and Germany struggle with many of the exact same issues.

其他歐洲國家像法國和德國也為同樣問題頭痛

But Belgium may be the country suffering the most.

只是比利時的問題可能最為嚴重

This isn’t the first time Wahhabism has been tied back to terrorist organizations

這已經不是瓦哈比教派第一次和恐怖組織扯上關係

— and it also has a huge influence in Saudi Arabia. Learn more about the strict ideology

而該教派在沙烏地阿拉伯也有極大影響力，想看瓦哈比的嚴格教義

in our video at the top. To find out why so many foreign fighters have joined ISIS, check

請看上方影片，想知道為何有如此多外國人加入ISIS

out our video at the bottom. Thanks for tuning in to TestTube News! Make sure to subscribe

請看下方影片，感謝收看TestTube News，別忘了訂閱

so you can watch new videos every day.

不錯過每日最新影片