Name: 【TED】諾亞-威爾遜-理查德：每個城市都需要健康的蜜蜂（諾亞-威爾遜-理查德：每個城市都需要健康的蜜蜂）。 (【TED】Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees (Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees))
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:01:30.000Z
Duration: 12 min 40 s

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

我們叫這個人的造型為「蜂鬍子」(笑聲)

Now, this is what many of you might picture

想到蜜蜂、甚至昆蟲，腦中所浮現的畫面，

when you think about honeybees, maybe insects,

或是想到任何多於兩隻腳的生物。

or maybe anything that has more legs than two.

讓我在這開頭就跟你說，我能夠了解。

And let me start by telling you, I gotcha.

我知道你們的不適。 然而，世界有待了解的事物太多，

I understand that. But, there are many things to know,

我希望你們在這裡能保持開放的心態，

增廣視野，並改變你對蜜蜂的看法。

keep them open, and change your perspective about honeybees.

請注意到這個人並沒有被蜜蜂螫傷。

Notice that this man is not getting stung.

他大概有隻蜂后黏在他的下巴上，

He probably has a queen bee tied to his chin,

這真正描寫我們與蜜蜂的密切關係，

So this really demonstrates our relationship with honeybees,

and that goes deep back for thousands of years.

我們與蜜蜂共同演化，因為我們靠蜜蜂

We're very co-evolved, because we depend on bees

你們大概有聽說蜜蜂正在離奇消失，

Many of you may have heard that honeybees are disappearing,

它們不只是死亡，而是完全不見蹤影。

這現象被稱為「蜂群崩壞症候群」

and it's bizarre. Researchers around the globe

但是我們確實知道，蜜蜂數目削減

but what we do know is that, with the declining numbers

會造成我們所依賴的130多種蔬菜水果

of bees, the costs of over 130 fruit and vegetable crops

that we rely on for food is going up in price.

所以蜜蜂不只是在於農業，更於經濟方面

So honeybees are important for their role in the economy

這是一些我們稱為「綠屋頂」，

Here you can see some pictures of what are called

相信我們都對左邊那張圖很熟悉。

We're familiar with the image on the left that shows

那是這附近 South End 的社區花園。

a local neighborhood garden in the South End.

我家就在這裡，我後院有一個蜂箱。

That's where I call home. I have a beehive in the backyard.

有可能未來還可以加上綠屋頂，

when we're further utilizing urban areas,

看看這個波士頓橘線上面照的相片。

Check out this image above the orange line in Boston.

找找看蜂箱在哪裡。它真的在照片中。

It's on the rooftop, right on the corner there,

那個蜂箱已經安置了好幾年了。

and it's been there for a couple of years now.

The way that urban beekeeping currently operates

而這並不是因為它需要被隱藏，

而是大多數民眾對於都市養蜂的概念仍不大習慣。

It's just because people are uncomfortable with the idea,

這也是為什麼我希望你們今天仔細想想，

and that's why I want you today to try to think about this,

思考蜜蜂在城市裡所帶來的好處，

think about the benefits of bees in cities

並了解這是一個多麼令人興奮的概念。

and why they really are a terrific thing.

讓我簡短說明蜜蜂傳粉的過程。

Let me give you a brief rundown on how pollination works.

So we know flowers, we know fruits and vegetables,

even some alfalfa in hay that the livestock

for the meats that we eat, rely on pollinators,

這裡有一朵花的雌性和雄性構造

but you've got male and female parts to a plant here,

and basically pollinators are attracted to plants

a bee will visit some flowers and pick up some pollen,

or that male kind of sperm counterpart, along the way,

and then travel to different flowers, and eventually

an apple, in this case, will be produced.

注意到方向。它是向下連到枝條的。

You can see the orientation. The stem is down.

等到我們吃它的時候，花瓣都已掉落。

The blossom end has fallen off by the time we eat it,

but that's a basic overview of how pollination works.

讓我們現在思考都市生活的情景，不只今天，

And let's think about urban living, not today,

而更不是從前，想想一百年過後，會是什麼樣子?

and not in the past, but what about in a hundred years?

未來會有何樣貌?我們面臨巨大挑戰

What's it gonna look like? We have huge grand challenges

像是棲地損失。地球人口越來越多，

these days of habitat loss. We have more and more people,

幾十億人，一百年後，天知道會有多少人，

billions of people, in 100 years, God knows how many people,

and how little space there will be to fit all of them,

所以我們必須改變詮釋都市的觀點。

so we need to change the way that we see cities, and

looking at this picture on the left of New York City today,

我們在屋頂上鋪蓋柏油紙，它將熱能

We have tar paper on the rooftops that bounces heat back

contributing to global climate change, no doubt.

但是一百年後，我們如果可以建築綠屋頂

What about in 100 years, if we have green rooftops

everywhere, and gardening, and we create our own crops

right in the cities? We save on the costs of transportation,

we save on a healthier diet, and we also educate

We need bees for the future of our cities and urban living.

這是我的公司所蒐集到的一些數據

Here's some data that we collected through our company

我們的公司Best Bees幫忙任何想要養蜂的人

with Best Bees, where we deliver, install and manage

honeybee hives for anybody who wants them,

我們推廣養蜂的理念，無論是在都市或鄉村

in the city, in the countryside, and we introduce honeybees,

and the idea of beekeeping in your own backyard or rooftop

這其實是很簡單並容易做到的事

and seeing how simple it is and how possible it is.

在這些數據中，我們發現了一個違背常理的趨勢

There's a counterintuitive trend that we noticed

in these numbers. So let's look at the first metric here,

這是養蜂人多年以來面臨的困擾

Now this has been a huge problem for many years,

basically since the late 1980s, when the varroa mite came

並隨之攜帶許多不同的細菌、病毒

and brought many different viruses, bacteria

and that's when most of the colonies are lost,

and we found that in the cities, bees are surviving

要比在鄉下的蜂群更成功的活過冬天

我們通常的聯想是:蜜蜂、鄉村、農業

【TED】諾亞-威爾遜-理查德：每個城市都需要健康的蜜蜂（諾亞-威爾遜-理查德：每個城市都需要健康的蜜蜂）。 (【TED】Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees (Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees))

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【TED】諾亞-威爾遜-理查德：每個城市都需要健康的蜜蜂（諾亞-威爾遜-理查德：每個城市都需要健康的蜜蜂）。 (【TED】Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees (Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees))

urban

counterintuitive

laughter

agriculture