Name: 2.2 希臘和羅馬的修辭學 (2.2 Greek and Roman Rhetorica)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T06:01:26.000Z
Duration: 3 min 20 s
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情態副詞

So let’s start by briefly exploring the Classical  World of the Greek and Romans.

We’ll begin in the fifth century before Christ,  Ancient Greece.

轉承詞

Instead of one country we should first recognize  that in these times

Greece was a collection of independent city- states,

some were at war with each other, and others  were allied.

A growing number of city states was adopting  democratic elements in their governments

such as people’s assemblies, elections, chosen  government officials and such.

Even though many cities still had kings or a  council of nobles,

the political power of citizens was growing,

and with it the need for a better understanding of  the workings of mass communication.

It’s therefore not surprising that the science of  communication thrived in Ancient Greece.

Important historical figures like Socrates, Plato  and Aristotles

were involved in academic debate on the  subject.

But besides being an academic science it was  in this time foremost an applied science.

There were teachers and academies that taught  the main principles of public speaking,

Ambitious politicians were wise to learn the  different ways of approaching an audience.

And not only politicians, but also lawyers and  businessmen were schooled in these matters

and made extensive use of it in their field.

Military commanders like Xenophon and  Alexander the Great

had also studied the subject at the feet of  famous philosophers

and used what they learned to keep up moral of  their troops.

So what did the media landscape look like at  this time?

Well, first of all, we already established that  public speaking was important.

Secondly, Greeks made extensive use of  symbolic en figurative communication,

through their art, useable artifacts and  architecture.

Also there was a huge diversity of genres in  theater,

and finally there were many written media,

the alphabet had been rediscovered in the sixth  century and books, scrolls, pamphlets

quickly found a place in the media infrastructure.

Many people, not only the rich and noble, could  read and write

and most cities had one or several libraries.

The most famous library, that of Alexandria,

reputedly contained hundreds of thousands of  handwritten scrolls.

After several centuries the power of the Greeks  dwindled and was broken by the Romans

It’s therefore not surprising that they too learned

and tried to perfect on Greek theories on  communication.

Together Greek and Roman times span over a  millennium of history

and even more if we include the Byzantine  Empire in this

So it’s obviously a huge oversimplification to  discuss all classical thought

on communication in a three minute MOOC  section.

because their ideas were the basis for scientific  thought on communication

and therefore in many ways the foundation on  which our modern discipline is built.

I refer to the Little Box of Nuance in the online  environment of this course

and the follow-up opportunities I give in other sections, like the platform, and the online community, on Facebook and LinkedIn

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2.2 希臘和羅馬的修辭學 (2.2 Greek and Roman Rhetorica)

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