This wave of people, predominantly from the Middle East and North Africa has elicited

這波難民潮主要來自中東與北非，造成許多歐洲人反感

a strong reaction from many Europeans. Nationalist and right wing groups have been gaining popularity,

民族主義與右派團體因此崛起

and reports of mass sexual assault and violence by foreign nationals has Europe’s leaders

最近傳出難民大規模性侵、暴力事件，讓歐洲領導人疲於應付

scrambling. In recent months, countries known for liberal values have taken drastic steps

近幾個月，主張自由價值、擁抱難民的國家態度驟變

to curb the influx of new migrants. So, what Extreme Measures are EU Countries Taking To

開始限制難民湧入，究竟歐盟國家採取哪些激進措施防堵難民潮？

Keep Migrants Out?

Well, for decades, the EU has notably allowed free travel between a majority of its member

數十年來，歐盟最為人熟知的特色，便是多數會員國間可自由出入

countries. This region of unrestricted borders is called the Schengen Area. But as migrants

這些邊境未加以管制的區域，統稱為申根區

have entered the EU, many have run afoul of the Dublin Regulation, which says asylum seekers

不過隨著移民潮湧入，許多歐盟國家不再遵守「都柏林規定」

must apply for asylum in the first country they arrive. However, many have continued

裡頭載明，庇護尋求者必須向首個抵達國家申請庇護

on, travelling to Germany and Sweden. In late January of 2016, the EU threatened to suspend

但現在卻有很多人繼續逃到德國或瑞典，2016年一月底，歐盟威脅要將希臘踢出申根區

Greece from the Schengen Area entirely, citing Greece’s inability to effectively filter

並指控希臘對難民潮把關不力

incoming asylum seekers. A number of Schengen participating countries, including Austria,

有些申根締約國開始實施邊境管制

Denmark, France, Germany, Norway, and Sweden, have already enacted border controls. This

包括奧地利、丹麥、法國、德國、挪威與瑞典等

crisis has many wondering if a borderless Europe will soon be a thing of the past.

難民危機令許多人開始懷疑，無邊界的歐洲是否已成歷史

In particular, Germany has faced considerable criticism for Chancellor Angela Merkel’s

尤其是德國總理梅克爾拒設難民數目上限

refusal to cap the number of migrants. However, Germany, and a number of other countries,

引發各方嚴厲批評，不過德國與部分國家也開始驅離難民

have begun deportation, whether to home countries or simply neighboring European countries.

將他們趕回母國或鄰近歐洲國家

Migrants, predominantly from Afghanistan, Morocco, and Algeria have been sent to Austria

若難民來自阿富汗、摩洛哥、阿爾及利亞，德國會將他們送往奧地利

from Germany, at a rate of roughly 200 a day. Over the course of 2016, Sweden has prepared

一天約200名，瑞典預計2016年要拒絕8萬名難民的庇護申請

to expel an estimated 80,000 asylum seekers, based on a rejection rate of about 45%. There

比例約總人數的45%

have also been plans to send seafaring migrants back to Turkey as they arrive in Greece. But

難民若走海路的話，一抵達希臘就會被送回土耳其

Turkey has only agreed to accept returned migrants on the condition that the EU accept

但土耳其之所以同意收容這群難民

up to a quarter of a million migrants per year.

也只是因爲歐盟承諾每年最多可接收25萬名難民

But besides border control and deportation, some countries have turned to more aggressive,

除了邊境管制與驅逐出境，有些國家採取方式更激進、甚至可怕

and in some ways, disturbing practices. In an effort to deter asylum seekers, Denmark’s

為了嚇阻難民

parliament recently approved the confiscation of valuables from incoming refugees. For those

丹麥國會同意政府可沒收難民財物

seeking entry, any cash over roughly $1,500 dollars would be taken to cover the cost of

難民若想入境，超過1500美元的財物一律充公

food and lodging in the asylum process. Some have likened this to similar actions by Nazi

作為申請庇護過程的食宿費用，有人將此行為比為納粹德國

Germany, which took Jewish belongings during World War II. In Great Britain, a private

他們二戰時沒收猶太人財物

company in charge of caring for asylum seekers recently cancelled a plan to make refugees

英國有家照料難民的私人公司，最近取消難民戴彩色手環領取食物的計畫

wear colored wristbands in order to receive food. This drew comparisons to Jews having

令人不禁聯想起，猶太人遭迫害時

to wear armbands identifying them as such.

也是戴臂章識別身分

While some actions by European countries are understandable in the wake of unexpected mass

雖然歐洲國家某些作為情有可原，因為移民潮實在過於突然、龐大

migration, there is no question that European, Middle Eastern, and North African leaders

但不能否認的是，歐洲、中東與北非的領導人必須找出有效解決之道

need to find a working solution. Until they do, both migrants, and European residents

在此之前，難民與歐洲國家人民都無法逃脫衝突、受苦的命運

will continue clashing and suffering from this unprecedented crisis.

都無法逃脫衝突、受苦的命運

CTA

The migrant crisis is splitting up thousands of families across Europe. If you’re interested

難民危機拆散數千家庭、家人因此分隔歐洲各地

in a more personal look, watch this mini documentary I did with Fusion about two refugee brothers

若想知道更多人物故事，請看這部迷你紀錄片，這部片由我和Fusion合作

separated from each other and their families. You can also watch another TestTube News video

內容是難民兄弟與家人分散的故事 ，也可以看這部新影片

about what role the EU has had in the migrant crisis. Thanks for watching Test Tube News,

內容講述歐盟在難民危機的角色，感謝觀看TestTube影片

make sure to like and subscribe for new videos every day.

記得按讚並訂閱，每天都有新影片喔

So what rights do refugees actually have? Check out this video at the top to find out.

You can also watch the video at the bottom about what role the EU has had in the migrant

crisis. Thanks for watching Test Tube News, make sure to like and subscribe for new videos

every day.