Name: 黑澤明 - 創作運動篇 (Akira Kurosawa - Composing Movement)
Uploaded: 2021-01-14T05:55:04.000Z
Duration: 8 min 25 s

Hi my name is Tony and this is Every Frame a Painting.

When you’re judging a shot, What’s the first thing you look for?

評判一個畫面的好壞時，你會先看哪裡?

I think these are all essential, and they’re all part of good images.

But there’s one thing I always notice first

我認為以上都很重要 也都是築構好畫面的必要條件

--For me, Kurosawa is the Beethoven of movie directors

但對我來說，我會先注意一點：

--It's that recognizable full sound that Beethoven had

黑澤明對我來說是電影導演界的貝多芬

A Kurosawa film moves like no one else’s

正如貝多芬音樂強烈的辨識性一樣

Each one is a masterclass in different types of motion

黑澤明的電影動態是獨一無二的

Over a career spanning half a century he made 30 films

每一個動態安排及彼此結合都是大師級的

and in all of them, the movement is surprising and cinematic.

半世紀的拍片生涯，他完成了30部電影

Wow. If you’d like to see the names of the films, press the CC button below.

每一部都充滿了驚喜感及電影感的動態安排

如果你想知道舉例的片名，請點擊下方CC鈕

In every one of his films, the background of the shot

One advantage of this approach is that shots have a lot of visual interest.

Even when people are still, there’s rain in the background to draw your eye.

--Rain is a real emotional trigger that works in any film.

這麼做的好處之一為 畫面會自然產生多種視覺效果

--You know, anything that’s excessive because it gives you

就算人物都靜止不動 下雨的背景仍可吸引視線

--another layer that the audience can relate to sensually.

Second, there’s the movement of groups.

雨非常適合於任何影片作為感情觸發的工具

Kurosawa films usually feature large groups of people who band together

你知道，任何其他的東西都會太濫情

Crowds like this are really cinematic. When you put this many people in a shot,

提供觀眾感官上與電影連結的另一個層面

If you want a good reaction shot, try using four people

Which brings us to #3: the movement of individuals.

One of my favorite things about Kurosawa is that

that his blocking is unrealistic and exaggerated.

If someone is nervous,they pace left and right.

If they’re outraged, they stand straight up.

如果你想要拍攝出一個好的反應鏡頭 試試使用四個人

He would often tell his actors to pick one gesture for their character

That way, the audience can quickly see who’s who and how they’re feeling.

One of the hallmarks of Kurosawa’s style are his fluid camera moves

這也把我們帶到第三點：個體的動態

that go from close-up to full shot to OTS in a single unbroken take.

I did another essay about these shots, called the Spielberg Oner,

but what’s important here is that every camera move has a clear beginning

如果有人很緊張，他們會左右踱步

Just by itself, this camera move tells a story.

他時常指導他的演員為角色選擇一個特定體態

Kurosawa is one of the few directors who worked as his own editor.

One of the reasons his movies just flow is that he tends to cut on movement.

如此，觀眾可以快速的分辨角色 及理解他們的感受

Often, you’re paying so much attention to someone who's moving

When he finishes the scene, he switches the rhythm

黑澤明的特色之一就是他流暢的鏡頭移動

By switching up the rhythm, he keeps you on your toes,

我在"史匹柏的一鏡到底"這篇中有提到這種用鏡

So with all that, let’s break down one scene and study the motion.

但是這裡的重點是每一個鏡頭移動都有清晰的

This scene is from Seven Samurai. I won't tell you what it䏭 about.

See how long it takes you to figure it out. Ready?

The first shot shows the whole village, then just the important characters

光是鏡頭移動本身，就足以敘事了

黑澤明是少數會親自剪接的導演

As Kikuchiyo sits down his mood ripples outwards to affect the whole village.

他電影很流暢的原因之一 就是喜愛將剪接點安插於進行的動作中

Notice how much the wind adds to the scene. Even when people are still

你常會太關注某一個角色的移動

there’s that little bit of wind to spice up the frame.

每當結束一個場景，他會改變節奏

Now let’s jump 60 years into the future. This is The Avengers.

Here, we start with a camera move into an establishing shot. But this time...

如此切換節奏，你得隨時保持注意力

Throughout this scene, the only things that move are the camera and Nick Fury.

因為你無法預測下一個剪接點為何

Even though we have weather outside and actors in the background

講了這麼多，我們來分析一個場景，學習動態

Notice that the camera movement doesn’t have a beginning or an end.

And there’s no variation. Each shot goes in the exact same direction

試試你要花多久時間看出導演想表達的東西?

The camera moves have a distinct beginning middle and end.

And each shot changes  direction from the previous one.

As he climbs up, Kurosawa uses the movement of the flag

all seven samurai and their banner, together.

當菊千代坐下時 他的行為放射性的帶動了整個村莊

有注意到此幕風所帶來的效果嗎?

carefully pieced together and spaced throughout.