Here are two cities: The one on the left is an old city.

這裡有兩個城市：左邊的是個舊城市。

And the one on the right is a new city.

右邊的是新都市。

Do you notice any difference between them?

你有注意到兩者有什麼不同嗎？

The biggest difference between them is that they are shaped differently.

最大的差別就是它們的形狀不同。

The old city is shaped like a circle, and the new city is shaped like a rectangle.

舊城市是環狀的，新都市則是矩形。

Let's find out why these two types of cities have different shapes.

我們一起來找出為什麼兩種都市形狀不同的原因吧。

Many modern cities were built using a grid plan.

許多現代都市是棋盤式的。

An example of a city built using a grid plan is Chicago in the United States.

美國芝加哥就是棋盤式都市的例子。

The map of Chicago shows that all of its streets intersect to form a perfect grid.

從芝加哥的地圖可以看出，所有的街道垂直相交，塑造出完美的棋盤狀。

All the streets runs perfectly parallel and perpendicular to one another.

所有的街道都完美平行、垂直交錯。

On the other hand, many old cities have grown organically, or naturally with rounded curves.

另一方面，許多舊城市是有組織地或自然地發展為彎曲的曲線。

A perfect example of an organic city is Moscow, Russia.

在有組織的發展案例中，最好的例子就是俄羅斯的莫斯科。

At the center of the city is the Kremlin, Russia's former royal palace.

在城市的中央是俄羅斯的舊皇宮，克里姆林宮。

Many years ago, city citizens began building shops and houses outward from the Kremlin in all directions.

多年前，市民開始在克里姆林宮周圍，以各種方向向外建造商店、房屋。

Later, roads were built to connect the houses.

之後，人們鋪路連接這些建築。

Since the roads were built later, they do not form a grid.

因為路是之後才被鋪成的，因此它們並沒有形成棋盤狀。

Instead, it is shaped like a circle.

而是形成了環狀。