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  • It's clear that the Internet of Things

  • offers enormous opportunities.

  • And the prime minister is very interested in this

  • and talked about it at the CeBIT fair in Hannover.

  • And he's asked the Government Office of Science

  • to prepare a report for the government

  • really to set out the things that government can do.

  • Well, it is actually about analysing what

  • the opportunities of the Internet of Things are,

  • what the vulnerabilities, what some of the security issues are

  • around the Internet of Things as well because it offers new

  • opportunities for people to do both good things and bad things

  • with the technology.

  • And it's about coming up with recommendations

  • as to how government can catalyse

  • the uptake of the Internet of Things for human benefit

  • and for the benefit of the economy, which

  • of course are closely interlinked.

  • You see this combination of excitement

  • at technological possibility, but also disappointment

  • with an earlier vision which one can caricature as a kind

  • of IBM vision of the smart cities,

  • Internet of Things panopticon, lots

  • of really exciting projects on mobile labs, data pooling,

  • and also around transport and crime,

  • but I think also a sense of their struggling

  • to find the applications which really do deliver enough value

  • either commercially or for citizens.

  • And at the very least there's a need for much faster learning

  • about what does or doesn't work and for some evidence

  • about what does or doesn't work and really does meet needs.

  • And so we need more rounded notions

  • of what the Internet of Things can

  • be, which has at least some place for people in it as well

  • and some connection to, let's remember,

  • the starting ethos of the internet itself,

  • which was a liberating ethos, an ethos

  • summed up by Tim Berners-Lee at the London Olympics.

  • This is for everyone.

  • This is not just something imposed on people from on top.

  • Well, there's a few questions we should ask,

  • as I'm sure you're ask all day.

  • Who's in charge?

  • There's lots of companies, a couple here--

  • SmartThings is another one-- trying to be that dashboard.

  • And nobody's really discussing if there is one Amazon

  • controlling of the book trade, will there

  • be one company controlling the network?

  • We talked about the vulnerability,

  • but I'd think this is one of our biggest questions

  • at the moment.

  • This report on spam emails launched

  • from the legendary internet fridge and television.

  • And pretty much anything that's on the network

  • has vulnerability.

  • I think there's a lot of challenges for Internet

  • of Things at the moment in really achieving

  • the large rollout and therefore the value in scale

  • that it promises.

  • Energy is a big one.

  • You can't change batteries on this huge array of stuff.

  • It's already enough of a pain changing

  • batteries on the things you have in your house and so on.

  • So energy harvesting, I think, is a really interesting space,

  • and the convergence between energy harvesting on one side

  • and also lower and lower power radios and processing

  • and devices on the other side.

  • That will be interesting where those intersect.

  • What we think is needed is a simple, low cost sensor

  • to cloud wide area connectivity technology with features

  • that look like it very, very long battery life.

  • You could put this technology in a module

  • and it can last for maybe up to 20 years,

  • depending on the duty cycle, on just a couple of AAA batteries.

  • It's low cost, so no standards essential patent royalties

  • on it.

  • It means these module cost has to be around about $3.

  • That's about two pounds per module.

  • Small printed antenna, couple of AA batteries, so four pounds,

  • we're done.

  • It's in there.

  • And it would work essentially anywhere.

  • The first thing that's needed on spectrum,

  • it has got to be harmonised.

  • There's no point in every country having

  • a slightly different use of spectrum.

  • The cost of the hardware is going

  • to be ridiculously expensive.

  • It would be impossible that any consumer electronics companies

  • would put it in a product and know

  • that it will work globally.

  • So harmonisation is essential, really,

  • for the use of spectrum.

  • The government's role is to be catalytic.

  • It is actually to create the policies

  • in which this new technology can thrive.

  • And it's about looking to the future and working out how we

  • maximise the benefit and minimise the risk.

  • It's about ensuring that the standards are fit for purpose

  • so that one can get the maximum interoperability.

  • It's about thinking about the security

  • issues and the vulnerabilities that

  • are associated with the Internet of Things.

  • One of the key things is to establish a clear vision

  • of what the Internet of Things is all about.

  • And actually it's about delivering services

  • more effectively.

  • It's about using resources more efficiently.

  • So the opportunities are absolutely extraordinary.

  • We're talking about the Internet of Things,

  • but I want to talk about the Web of Things.

  • So often there's this question of, or a lot of focus

  • when there's a dialogue about the Internet of Things

  • on how stuff actually gets connected to the internet,

  • if you like, the hardware layer of the stack.

  • But there's a second question, which

  • is, how do applications connect with things?

  • Because if we really want to create value from things,

  • then we need to be concerned about how

  • the data from those objects connects with applications.

  • Technologically, our point of view

  • is that physical things should be as discoverable on the Web

  • as digital things are today.

  • Bruce Sterling said, why can't I Google my shoes?

  • Now to realise that kind of environment,

  • it means that we need to give physical things the same level

  • of identity on the Web that digital assets have.

  • Why can't we mash up my shoes along with my Flickr images?

  • So the technology behind this is what

  • we call active digital identities,

  • but essentially it's web objects representing physical objects.

  • As everybody here knows, you can design the technology.

  • And it will stay on the shelf until a second thing happens,

  • which is you need the right business model to liberate

  • that technology and get people using it.

  • And in some cases with Internet of Things,

  • the business model will be driven by business.

  • There will be B to B applications

  • that mean that they can manage their logistics more

  • effectively and so on and so forth.

  • And in some cases, there will be consumer-driven interests.

  • I think wearables will because wearables,

  • they're a bit anecdotal, but actually most people

  • will think they're cool and sexy and they'll want wearables.

  • I think that the consumers will drive that.

  • And there will be areas where government could drive it.

  • One of the things that will help drive some of this

  • is the ability sensibly to monetise data.

  • Nowhere in the world so far is there

  • a proper framework that will develop consumer trust in that.

  • And that will be a huge opportunity for the UK

  • to lead the world, if we got it right.

  • We also need to make progress, I think, in data analytics

  • in order to make, really, sense of all the information

  • that we can collect.

  • For example, from the point of view

  • of sensor, which is of course a very important field for Bosch

  • as a major producer of sensors in many fields,

  • the aspect of reducing power consumption of these sensors

  • is key to making them a useful component

  • for the Internet of Things.

It's clear that the Internet of Things

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B1 中級

物聯網生態系統 (The Internet of Things Ecosystem)

  • 116 12
    richardwang 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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