Name: 【TEDx】教育從「心」改變：華德福教育 ("The Heart of Education" Lori Kran at TEDxCincinnatiChange)
Uploaded: 2015-11-05T23:00:00.000Z
Duration: 7 min 21 s

The most important thing is to establish an education

最重要的事情就是建立一個教育制度

through which human beings learn once again

The author of this quote, Rudolf Steiner,claimed that in the future

說這個名句的史坦納教授，認為在未來

no human being  will be able to rest if they know that another human being  in the world is in pain.

若是有人知道世界的某處有人正經歷痛苦，任何人都不會置身事外

How do we educate children now  to  accelerate this very powerful goal?

我們現在該如何教育我們的下一代來促成這個遠大的目標呢？

Teach subjects imaginatively and artistically

用想像力和藝術性來教導你的科目

so that students are encouraged to think independently and creatively.

讓學生是被鼓勵去獨立、有創意地思考

Teach so that students make heartfelt connections to subject material,

讓學生真心感受到自身與教材的關聯

so that they love science, math and history.

學生就會喜愛科學、數學和歷史。

to forge meaningful and caring relationships with each other, their school, their community and their world.

在學校、社區和世界之間，打造一個有意義的互動關係

Because the world needs people who have heartfelt thinking.

因為這個世界需要真誠、用心思考的人

Because we need people who feel connected to their community and care about their community.

因為我們需要懂得去連結社區並真正關心周遭的人

We need people who have the fortitude and the will

to actually to get out into the world and to do the good work.

去真正地融入這個世界並做正確的事

I believe every teacher can accomplish this goal in every classroom.

我相信每位教師都可以教室中完成這個目標

Rather than animating computer screens, let's encourage animated conversation in the classroom.

與其依賴電腦螢幕，不如讓我們把生動活潑的對話帶入課堂中

Rather than assign boring textbooks, let's bring the past back to life through the art of telling his story as well as telling her story.

與其指派無聊的教科書給孩子，不如讓我們回到最早期用說故事傳達的那種藝術

Rather than teaching to and stressing over standardized tests,

與其為了考試而教學、而產生壓力

let's activate deep critical thinking and problem solving.

不如去激發學生們更深入地去批判思考和解決問題

Let's transform mainstream education so that every student engages

讓我們改變主流教育模式，讓每個學生可以更投入

academically, artistically, physically and socially.

在課堂上、表達上、行為上與人際關係上

So here are two academic lessons: one math and one history.

這裡舉出兩個教學上的例子： 一個數學、一個歷史

How do we get fourth grade students  to engage and be excited about fractions?

我們要如何讓一位四年級的學生感受到覺得「分數運算」是有趣的呢?

How do we get them to wrap their minds  around a fractioned number,

我們如何讓他們透徹地瞭解分數

We teach fractions concretely and  artistically.

我們同時給予學生具體、與藝術上對「分數」的概念

So in mainstream workbooks you've probably seen how pizzas

在主流的教學教材中中，你大概常見到用披薩

pizza slices are used to demonstrate fractions.

切片的比薩來示範講解「分數運算」

Well, if you really want to get your students' attention,

當然，如果你真的想要讓學生更專注於分數的學習

bake a whole pizza pie from scratch  with them in the classroom.

不如從烤一片比薩開始，然後讓他們在上課時切開

Let them see the whole pizza  and then devour it fractionally.

讓孩子們看到整片比薩，然後切片分割給學生吃

抽樣的分數概念就在此刻具體化了

Students completely immersed and bellies full.

學生們可以了解整個概念，同時也吃得滿足了

再試試用音樂教「分數」這個概念

So in my class,  in grades one through three,

I taught my students to play flutes by ear.

我教他們用聆聽、音感來學習吹奏笛子

But in fourth grade, I'll take musical notation

但在四年級，我就會開始教他們樂譜

and time signature and relate those to fractions.

和拍子記號，而且把這些連結到「分數的概念」

and try to relate these abstract dots on the page

再試著把聽到的抽象聲音連結到書本的符號中

to the music fingering they already know so well.

再對照到他們學習過的指法，彈奏出來

But to learn a new tune, as one whole class,

但是當一整班學生，學習新曲子的時候

students must practice and help each other

學生必須彼此之間相互的協助與練習

聆聽彼此的聲音，解決遇到的困難

and get it together so they can actually learn this one new song.

然後結合這些概念，孩子們才算是確實地學匯了一首新的曲子

Let's look at one history lesson  from 7th grade.

再來看一下七年級歷史課的例子

但是，先想一下，七年級的學生是怎樣的？

12, 13-years-old entering puberty often aloof, particularly, towards adults.

12、13 歲正邁入青春期的孩子們，經常表現得冷漠，特別是對大人

Also maybe self-absorbed,  but often vulnerable, looking for a peer group,

或許比較專注自己的事情，而顯得脆弱而容易受傷，尋求著同儕及團體

尋求著能融入、找到歸屬感的方式

These young adolescents need worthy role models

這些青少年需要一個值得尊敬的模範

so imagine this, the classroom is silent, the lights go dim, the story begins.

所以，想像一下，安靜的燈光微暗的教室中，故事開始了

Long ago in a 15th century rural French village

很久以前，在 15 世紀的法國農村

there lived a 12-year old girl who heard God tell her to leave her family,

那裡住著一位 12 歲的女孩聽到上帝告訴她離開她的家人

leave her home and go save her country from English invaders.

離開她的家鄉，然後去拯救她的國家，免於英國的侵略

She was so commited to her vision that she defied the church

她堅定的信仰卻導致教會的輕蔑

and proclaimed that God spoke directly to her.

她不斷地宣稱是上帝直接告訴她的

She defied gender norms and wore a suit  of armor and commanded an army.

她不理會當時對性別的規範，穿上盔甲去指揮軍隊

She rode with soldiers into battle  and put herself in harms way

她和士兵一起參與戰鬥，也讓自身深入險境

to spur on their courage, yet she, being personally against violence,

為了激勵大家的士氣，但因她本人堅持抵制暴力

carried only a banner into battle,  no weapons.

她沒有拿任何的武器，只拿著一個旗子上戰場對抗暴力

She, Joan of Arc, was burned at the stake.

她就是聖女貞德，最後被處以火刑

7th graders passionately relate to this biography.

七年級學生聽到這個傳記故事都很慷慨激昂

Their thinking hearts are ignited  to ask questions, to defy authority,

這個傳記也激發學生們開始思考、問問題、挑戰權威

試著依照他們的信仰來做正確的事

In sum, enable students to think with their hearts, to feel connected to each other

總而言之，要讓學生用心思考，與周遭的生活與人產生連結

and to develop their will  to change their world.