dedicated to protecting the government from cyber crime. Recently, there have been massive

讓政府免於網路犯罪所擾。近來，大量的數據資料

data breaches from many large companies. So, who are these hackers, and what are they doing

已從許多大公司流出。那麼，這些駭客是誰，

with the stolen data?

他們偷來的資料到底要做什麼用呢?

Computer hackers are people who use their computer coding knowledge to bypass security

電腦駭客即是那些用自身電腦程式語言的知識

measures on other machines or websites. There are many reasons why they choose to hack,

去越過其他機器或網站安全措施的人。為什麼他們選擇駭入，有著許多原因

but oftentimes, it’s for profit.  Experts suggest that there are “robust economies”

但通常是為了利益。專家們認為，東歐地區經濟的強勁發展

in places like Eastern Europe for stolen information. Social security numbers, credit card numbers

與被竊取的資料有關。身分證字號、信用卡卡號

and addresses are the most sought after information on the black market. According to the RAND

以及地址是最常出現在黑市的資料。根據「網路通訊國際標準分析及參與制定計畫綱要」的

report on cybercrime, “the black market can be more profitable than the illegal drug

網路犯罪報告指出，「黑市交易比非法毒品貿易來得更有利可圖」。

trade”. Research shows that retail stores and social media are even more targeted today

研究指出，比起銀行，零售商和社群媒體更是現今被鎖定的目標。

than banks. Some of the largest security breaches recently have affected household names in

近來，一些比較大的安全漏洞已經影響了家喻戶曉的

merchandise suppliers and online sharing websites.

商品供應商和線上共享網站。

There is also cyber espionage. In 2014, the FBI confirmed that China topped the list as

網路間諜也是存在的。2014年, FBI 證實中國在

the most prolific hacker-nation. The Chinese government targeted American information systems

駭客最多產的國家中，位居榜上前幾名。中國政府將美國的資料系統

and trade secrets, which they then used to their own economic advantage. In a landmark

及商業機密視為目標，藉此有利於他們自身的經濟。2014年5月，

case in May 2014, the US formally charged five Chinese military hackers with cyber espionage.

一件重大的案件中，美國正式的控告5位中國籍軍事駭客從事網路駭客。

President Obama has called the cyber threat “one of the most serious economic and national

歐巴馬總統已對網路威脅視為是「以國家的角度而言，是經濟和國家安全最嚴重的挑戰之一」

security challenges we face as a nation.” At the top of the “FBI-Cyber’s Most Wanted

位居「美國聯邦調查局網路頭號通緝令名冊」前面的幾位男性和女性，

List” are men and women from Eastern Europe, Russia, China, and even the United States.

是來自東歐、俄羅斯、中國，甚至美國。

The top criminal, who posted fake ads online for cars that never existed managed to make

首要犯罪者在網路上張貼假的汽車廣告，廣告中的車款在市場上從未出現過

3 million dollars before the FBI shut down his operation. He’s currently wanted for

在美國聯邦調查局阻止他的操作前，該名犯罪者計畫以此賺進3百萬美元。

1 million dollars.

現在該名犯罪者是懸賞金1百萬美金的通緝犯。

A report from the Center for Strategic and International Studies, or CSIS, claims that

戰略國際研究中心(簡稱CSIS)的報告指出，

cybercrime costs the global economy more than 400 billion dollars annually. The United States

網路犯罪每年花費了全球經濟超出四千多萬的費用。

is one of the most targeted countries. The CSIS also estimates that 200,000 American

美國是被鎖定成攻擊目標的國家之一。戰略國際研究中心(簡稱CSIS) 也預估，

jobs are lost every year because of criminal hacking.

每年有20萬美國人民因為駭客侵略而丟了工作。

There are way more Americans on terrorist watchlists than you might think, but do these

在恐怖主義者追蹤監視列上的美國人遠大過於你的所想的，然而，這些名冊上的人，

lists actually work how they’re supposed to? Check out this video to learn all about it.

真的是如此操作的嗎？ 看看以下的影片來了解關於全部的事。