of your biggest personal goal.

你人生最大的目標

For real -- you can take a second. You've got to feel this to learn it.

要認真想想，才有辦法體會

Take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal, okay?

想到你人生最大的目標了嗎？

Imagine deciding right now

現在想像

that you're going to do it.

你要實現這個目標

Imagine telling someone that you meet today what you're going to do.

想像你告訴某個人，你要實現這個目標

Imagine their congratulations

想像大家恭喜著你

and their high image of you.

想像大家眼中的你

Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud?

這種感覺是不是很好？

Don't you feel one step closer already,

是否覺得離目標又更近一步了？

like it's already becoming part of your identity?

好像變成自己的一部分？

Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut,

告訴你個壞消息，你應該閉嘴才對的

because that good feeling

因為那開心的感覺

now will make you less likely to do it.

反而降低你的實踐度

Repeated psychology tests have proven

許多心理學測試都證明

that telling someone your goal

將你的目標告訴別人

makes it less likely to happen.

反而不容易實現

Any time you have a goal,

每次訂定一個目標

there are some steps that need to be done, some work that needs to be done

都有一定的步驟、工作要做

in order to achieve it.

才會實現

Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you had actually done the work.

正常情況是，你達成目標後，才有滿足感

But when you tell someone your goal and they acknowledge it,

但當你告訴別人時，他們對你的讚賞、支持

psychologists have found that it's called a "social reality."

心理學家將此稱作「社會現實」

The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it's already done.

你的心理造成一種已經實現的錯覺

And then, because you felt that satisfaction,

當你感受到那滿足感的時候

you're less motivated to do

你動力因此減低

the actual hard work necessary. (Laughter)

該做的事就怠惰了

So this goes against the conventional wisdom

這和我們普遍認為的

that we should tell our friends our goals, right --

目標應該告訴朋友，因為他們能監督我們

so they hold us to it.

的想法相抵觸對吧？

So, let's look at the proof.

那我拿出點證明

1926, Kurt Lewin, founder of social psychology,

1926 年，社會心理學之父庫爾特．勒溫 (Kurt Lewin)

called this "substitution."

將之稱為「替代作用」

1933, Vera Mahler found,

1933 年，Wera Mahler 發現

when it was acknowledged by others, it felt real in the mind.

當別人讚賞你的時候，心理會覺得真實

1982, Peter Gollwitzer wrote a whole book about this

1982 年，Peter Gollwitzer 出了一本相關的書

and in 2009,

2009 年，

he did some new tests that were published.

他做了些實驗，之後出版

It goes like this:

內容如下：

163 people across four separate tests --

163 人，分別做了四種實驗

everyone wrote down their personal goal.

每個人寫下心中的目標

Then half of them announced their commitment to this goal to the room,

一半的人，對房間其他人宣告他們的目標

and half didn't.

另一半人保密

Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work

然後給每人 45 分鐘的時間

that would directly lead them towards their goal,

將目標一步步實現

but they were told that they could stop at any time.

但他們可以隨時放棄

Now, those who kept their mouths shut

結果是，保密的那些人

worked the entire 45 minutes, on average,

整整 45 分鐘都努力著

and when asked afterwards,

後來的訪問，他們覺得

said that they felt that they had A long way to go still to achieve their goal.

似乎還有很長一段時間才能達成目標

But those who had announced it

另一半宣告的人

quit after only 33 minutes, on average,

平均 33 分鐘後就放棄了

and when asked afterwards,

後來的訪問，他們覺得

said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.

有種離目標又更近一步的感覺

So, if this is true,

如果這是真的

what can we do?

那我們該怎麼做？

Well, you could resist the temptation

你可以忍住那種

to announce your goal.

想宣告目標的誘惑

You can delay the gratification

你可以拖延

that the social acknowledgement brings,

別人讚美你的滿足感

and you can understand that your mind

你還要明白你的腦子

mistakes the talking for the doing.

會把「說的」當成「做的」

But if you do need to talk about something,

如果你真的忍不住

you can state it in a way

那就換種方法說

that gives you no satisfaction,

讓你沒有滿足感

such as, "I really want to run this marathon,

像是：「我想參加馬拉松，」

so I need to train five times a week

「所以我一週要練習五天，」

and kick my ass if I don't, okay?"

「如果我怠惰了，就揍我。」

So audience, next time you're tempted to tell someone your goal,

所以下次你想告訴別人你的目標時，

what will you say? (Silence)

你會說什麼？

Exactly, well done.

就是這樣，很好

(Applause)

(掌聲)