the use of the verb "to keep". Okay? It's a verb that's used a lot in English, so it's

”to keep“的用法。它是個在英文裡被廣泛使用的動詞，所以

a very useful word to know, and to know how to use it. And it can actually be used in

是個很實用的單字，值得我們了解並應用。這個字其實可以表現出

different ways, in slightly different ways, different meanings. So I'm just going to show

許多不同的意思，有的些微不同，有的則是完全不同。所以接下來的課程我要示範

you three of those main ways of using the verb "to keep" in this lesson.

主要三種不同的應用方式。

Okay. First of all, to explain how "to keep" is different from the verb "to hold". Sometimes

第一，”to keep"和“to hold"的差異。時常

people get them confused. "To hold". Okay, I'm at the moment, I'm holding, holding a

有人混淆這兩個字。”to hold“表示，我在當下，握著東西，例如

pen or a board marker. I may not keep it. If I take it home with me, that means I keep

一支筆或是一隻白板筆。但我未必會留為己用。如果我帶回家，那表示我keep it.

it. But if I leave it in this classroom when I go, I did not keep it. I'm holding it now,

但若是我離開時，遺留它在教室裡，我就沒有keep it. 我正握著它，

but I will not be keeping it. I leave it here. Okay, so with "to hold", for example, you

但我不會留著它，我遺留它在教室。所以”to hold’，還有像是，你

can ask somebody... You're holding your bag, you need to put your coat on. You can't do

可以請求別人...你正拿著包包，而你又需要穿外套。你無法同時

both, so you ask somebody: "Can you hold my bag while I put my coat on?" Okay? And then:

做到，所以你可以請求別人幫忙「可以幫我拿包包嗎？我要穿一下外套」了解嗎？然後

"Thank you." You have your bag back again. They give it back. So they hold the bag, it's

“謝謝”你拿回你的包包。別人還給你了。所以他們拿包包的狀態是

temporary. Just like me holding this pen is temporary; I will be putting it back on the

暫時的。就像我現在拿的這支筆一樣，是短暫的;課程結束，我將放回

table at the end of the session. So "to hold" is a temporary thing. Just holding something.

桌上。所以 “to hold"是短暫的狀態。短時間擁有某些東西。

Okay? So, that's "to hold".

了解嗎？這就是”to hold“

So now let's have a look at the first meaning of the verb "to keep", which means something

那我們現在來看看”to keep"的第一個用法，它表示某物

like to... To retain. Like I was saying, if I retain this, if I keep it, I take it home

喜歡留在一個地方,像我剛剛提到的，如果我留住這支筆，我會帶回家

with me and never... Never give it back to the person it belongs to, which is stealing.

而且永遠不會還給它原本的主人，也就是偷竊。

So we can't do that. Can we? No. Okay.

但這是不對的行為，不是嗎？沒錯

So, you can say to somebody... Say you... If I... If this did belong to me, if this

所以，你可以說..你可以...如果我...假設這真的是我的東西，如果這是

was my pen, but somebody else said: "Oh, isn't that a lovely pen? I need a pen like that.

我的筆，但有別人說：「這真是一支好棒的筆呀？我正需要這樣的筆呢」

Oh." So I would say: "Oh, well, if you... Here you are. You can use it, and if you like

喔。我會說：「這樣呀...給你囉，你可以用用看，如果你喜歡

it, you can keep it. Okay? I've got lots more pens like this, so you're very welcome to

你可以留著自己用。我還有許多類似這樣的筆，所以你喜歡

have it. You can keep it." So if you like it, the pen, you can keep it. And you keep

就給你囉。你可以留著。」所以若是喜歡這支筆，你可以留著自己用。你留著

it, you take it home with you. You use it. It's then your pen. It was my pen. Now it's

表示你帶它回家，你用它，然後這支筆是你的了。原本是我的筆。現在是

your pen. You kept it. So, past tense: "kept". Irregular verb. Right. Okay.

你的筆。你留著它。用不規則過去式“kept”表示。

Next example... For example, maybe I've broken my leg or something, and it's the summer.

另一個例子，像是我腿受傷或其他地方，但是現在是夏天，

I can't go swimming for the whole of the summer because I've broken my leg. Right? So I don't

所以整個夏天都無法游泳，因為腳受傷。所以我不需要

need my swimsuit for the whole of the summer. So... But a friend of mine really, really,

泳衣，整個夏天都不需要。但有個朋友真的非常

really wants to go swimming, and she's going on holidays soon, and the hotel has a swimming

非常想游泳，剛好她正要去旅行，住的飯店剛好有

pool. It's near the sea. She doesn't have a swimsuit. So, I can't use my swimsuit; I've

游泳池，而且就在離海洋不遠處。她沒有泳衣，而我剛好用不著;

broken my leg. So, I say to her: "Here is my swimsuit - you can keep it for the summer,

因為我腿斷了。所以我告訴她：「這是我的泳衣，整個夏天你都可以擁有它。

but I will need to have it back in September." Okay? Because my leg will be better in September,

但九月的時候需要還給我。」可以嗎？因為九月我的腳就會好很多，

and I will want to start swimming again. So, keeping can be temporary if you say: "You

到那時候，我就會想再次開始游泳。所以，擁有可以是短暫的，如果你說”你

can keep it for the summer,"-okay?-"but I will need to have it back"-you have to give

整個夏天擁有它“可以嗎？”但我會拿回來“-你必須還

it back to me-"in September." Okay? Right?

給我-"九月的時候”。這樣了解了嗎？

And similarly, if you go in a taxi and you have to pay the taxi driver... Terribly expensive,

同樣地，你搭計程車，你付車錢給司機...超級無敵貴的，

but anyway. If you're feeling generous and you've got lots of money to spare, you can

不管怎樣，如果你有很多錢可以花，你可以說

say: "I told the taxi driver to keep the change." Let's say the taxi fare was, in UK money,

“我告訴司機不用找零了。”假設計程車費，以英鎊計算，

8.50. Okay? And you gave him a £10 note, and you said to him: "Keep the change." You

8.50元好了。你給他一張10元幣紙，然後你跟他說“不用找零了”,這表示

didn't want £1.50 back from him; you were happy to give him a £10 note and let him

你不想要他找你1.50的零錢，而且你很願意給他一張10幣紙，讓他

keep the change. Not give you any change. It's what you call a "tip". You gave the taxi

留著零錢。不找零錢，我們稱為“tip(小費)". 你給司機

driver a tip. Okay? So, keep the change. alright?

小費。了解嗎？零錢留著。

And then finally, for this section: "You can keep your things in this drawer." Maybe you

最後這個部分”你可以放你的東西在抽屜裡“ 也許

start a new job and you're on the first day, you're taken to your desk: "This is where

你剛開始一份新的工作，今天是你的第一天，你被帶到你的辦公桌「這是你

you're going to be sitting. Here's your computer. There's a drawer here. You can keep your things

之後的座位，這是你的電腦，抽屜在這裡，你可以放你的東西在裡面。」

in this drawer." So all of your pens, pencils, paper for writing on, anything, your diary,

你所有的筆，鉛筆，書寫的紙，任何東西，像是你的日記，

everything you need for your job to stop the table... The desk looking untidy. You can

任何工作需要用到的物品堆到滿出桌子...桌上參差不齊。你可以

put the things in the drawer. "You can keep your things in this drawer." Okay. That's

把這些東西放進抽屜。”你可以放你的東西在抽屜裡。“是的，這樣

sort of fairly permanent: keep things in the drawer for the length of the time that you're

就比較有長時間的狀態：物品存放在抽屜裡在這段

going to be working there, so hopefully a nice long time, and hopefully a nice enjoyable

工作期間，但願是一段又美又長的時間，和一份美好的工作。

job. Okay. Right, so we'll now move on to look at another aspect of the verb "to keep".

好的，接下來換來看看”to keep“這個動詞的另一個概念

We have three sentences here. For example: "He keeps his car in good condition." Okay?

這裡有三個句子。例句一”他把車照顧得淋漓盡致。“

So your friend has car, he looks after it very well. He keeps it clean, keeps it clean.

你的朋友有一輛車，他非常愛護他的車。他保持車子的整潔，保持整潔。

He looks after it. If it needs to be repaired, he takes it to the garage. He doesn't neglect

他照顧他的車。一旦車子需要修理，他送去修車廠。他重視

the car. He really takes care of it. So: "He keeps his car in good condition." It's like

他的車，並很保護它。所以“他把車照顧得淋漓盡致。”就像是說

saying: "He maintains his car in good condition." Okay?

他保養他的車，使它保持最佳狀態。“了解嗎？

Secondly: "Do you keep a diary?" Right? So that's a slightly different meaning of "keep".

第二句是”你寫日記嗎？“跟前面提及的”keep"有非常大的差異對吧。

If you have a diary, maybe not just an appointment diary, but a diary, a journal where you write

如果你有一本日記，不只是記錄約會的日記，而是寫下

down things that happen each day and maybe make comments about things that happen. "Do

每天發生的事情，或則註記下來。

you keep a diary?" Which means you go to your diary every day, every few days maybe, at

“你寫日記嗎？”這句話的意思是你每天或每隔幾天，

least once a week to write a few things in your diary in a kind of regular way. So "to

至少一個禮拜一次，規律地記錄發生的事情。所以

keep a diary", you write in a book regularly about your life. Okay. Right?

”寫日記“，規律地紀律你的生活。

And then finally, in this section: "Can you keep a secret?" Okay? This is something a

最後這個部分要教的句子的是”你可以守住秘密嗎？“沒錯，這是

friend might say to you. "Can you keep a secret? I'm going to tell you something now, but you've

一句朋友可能對你說的話”你可以守住秘密嗎？我要告訴妳一件事，但你

got to promise not to tell anybody else. Can you keep a secret?" Meaning keep it to yourself.

要保證不會告訴任何人。你可以守住秘密嗎？”表示，秘密留給自己。

Keep it, and don't share it with other people. Don't tell other people this secret thing.

留給自己，而不告訴別人。不跟別人說這個秘密。

So, whatever it is, I don't know because it's a secret. Okay? But can you keep a secret?

所以不管是什麼，我不知道，因為是一個秘密。但你可以做到嗎？

Has anybody ever told you a secret? And have you then gone and told other people, or have

有人曾經告訴過你秘密嗎？你是跑去跟別人說，或是

you kept it, kept it to yourself? Okay? It's tempting sometimes, isn't it? But you have

你把秘密藏起來呢？秘密有時候很吸引人吧？但你需要

to really try hard not to tell anybody else because you promised. Right. Okay. Right.

非常努力的守住秘密，因為你下過承諾。沒錯，沒錯。

Okay, moving on to another slightly different usage. This one, this is like the meaning

好的，接下來換到另一個不同的用法。這個用法的意思，比較像是

being continuing, to continue. So, if you're in a car: "It's a long journey", you're going

一直持續，不停的持續。如果你在車上，你說“路途遙遠”，已經

hundreds of miles. "It's a long journey", and you want to rest, you want to stop, you

開了數百哩路了。“路途遙遠”，你想休息片刻，你想放棄，你

want to sleep, anything. But: "It's a long journey, but we must keep going." Keep going.

精神不濟等等。雖然“路途遙遠，我們還是得一直向前行“。”向前行“

So, to keep going is to continue. We can't stop. We have to be that... In that place

所以向前行就是持續的狀態。無法停下。我們必須到達目的地

by a certain time. We can't stop and rest. We've got to keep going. Keep going. Continue.

在一定的時間裡。我們不能停下和休息。我們要一直向前行。向前行。不間斷。

Okay?

可以嗎？

And then similarly, you might still be in this car, and you say: "If we keep that tall

然後同樣地，你還在車上，你或許會說“只要那棟高樓大廈在視線內，

building in sight, we won't get lost." Okay? You know, if you're in a strange city, maybe

我們就不會迷路了。”你也知道，有時候，在人生地不熟的城市，

you're walking around, and you think: "Well, I need somewhere... Somewhere, a big building,

會邊走邊想，”我需要一個標的物，像是一棟高樓大廈

a tall building that I can see from any part of the city, and then I will know where I

高到足以讓我看到城市的每一角，這樣我就能夠知道我身處何處“

am." Okay? So you keep the building in sight, meaning you can always see it. Keep it in

所以你確保高樓在視線範圍內，這就表示說你能夠一直看見它。保持

sight or in view. If we keep it in sight, we won't get lost. Okay?

在視線範圍內。要是我們在視線範圍內，就不會迷路。

And then this meaning here is more to do with preserving, like with food. You don't want

然後這句的意思是與儲存有關，像是食物。你不會

the food to go bad. So: "The food will keep if you put it in the freezer." Okay? So, this

想讓食物放到壞掉。所以你說”若要食物保鮮，只要將它放入冷凍庫。“可以嗎？所以

is about preserving the food so that in a month's time, you can take it out of the freezer,

這句是指食物保存好，過了一個月後，從冷凍庫拿出來

you can cook it, you can eat it and it tastes good. Right, so food will keep if you put

還是可以煮，可以吃，而且嚐起來還挺不錯呢。所以，食物可以保鮮

it in the freezer. Right?

只要放入冷凍庫裡。沒錯吧。

And then finally, this is a notice you might sometimes see if you're visiting a place that

最後，你或許常常看見這樣的告示語，如果你到一個地方參觀，那裡有

has lovely lawns, grass. So these are lawns. If it's beautifully cut green grass, and they

漂亮的綠地。我們稱為草坪。若是有修剪美麗的綠草，並且

don't want people walking on it all the time because it just goes muddy, you get brown

不想有人在上面踐踏，因為一旦沾滿了泥土，看起來一塊一塊的

patches, it looks horrible, so sometimes you have a sign that says: "KEEP OFF THE GRASS."

非常的難看，所以有時會看到一個告示牌“禁踏草皮”

Okay? Not even "please". It usually just says: "KEEP OFF THE GRASS." For it to say "please",

連“請”一字都沒有。通常只標示“禁踏草皮”。若再加上一個“請”字

they'd need to have a much longer notice, so: "KEEP OFF THE GRASS." It's an order. Right?

恐怕標示語會太冗長，所以“禁踏草皮”，這是命令。沒錯吧。

So you cannot walk on the grass. Keep off the grass. Okay.

不能走在草皮上。禁踏草皮。

So, I hope that little lesson was helpful to show you the different ways of using the

希望這一小小堂課，能幫助你了解“to keep"

verb "to keep". If you'd like to visit the website: www.engvid.com, there is a quiz there

的不同用法。你可以到www.engvid.com的網站，裡面有個小測驗

for you to test yourself on this. And also, if you'd like to subscribe to my YouTube channel

可以驗收今天的課程。若是你有興趣，可上YouTube訂閱我的頻道

if you would like to keep in touch with my lessons as they come out, that would be great.

上面會有我最新的課程提供你學習。

And hope to see you again soon. Okay. Bye for now.

那期待我們下次見囉。拜拜。