the problem. This isn't how you spell "expect". And this isn't how you spell "ex-girlfriend".

這就是問題。這不是關於你怎麼拚expect。也不是關於你怎麼拼ex-girlfriend

But this is how you pronounce it. So today's lesson is on pronunciation. How to pronounce

是關於發音啊！今天課程重點就是發音！如何發EX的音

the EX in English. It seems easy. X, here. But really, what happens is when the X comes

看起來好像很簡單。 X在這。但實際上，那萬一X是..你知道...

in certain, you know -- how do I explain? I'll do it this way. English is what we call

我不知道怎麼解釋..。好，就是，英文就是一個強調重音的語言(重音持續時間較長)

a "stress time language". And what that means is we stress certain parts of our language.

意思就是我們家種語言中的某些部份

So we make some parts of the language stronger than others. You might think, "Why is this

所以這許言中有些部分聲音比較強(就是重音)。你可能再想：為什麼這很重要？

important?" Well, most other languages are syllable stressed. And a "syllable" is basically

好就是很多其他語言音節長度是一樣的。音節就是一個母音和一些子音組合而成

a vowel sound with some consonants, and the words are joined this way. Okay? But in English,

也就是字的組合方式，懂嗎？

we don't really care about the sound of the syllable as much as we do about the stress

但在英文中我們我們在意重音大於音節

on the words. And because of that, when we do stress, it helps us figure out what is

因此，當我們發重音時

a verb, what is a noun, what is an adverb, and what is an adjective, and what we call

能幫助我們分辨動詞、名詞、副詞、形容詞、也就是我們所說的functions(文法功能，中文似乎無特定解釋)

"functions", like prepositions and, you know, pronouns. We can tell the difference by the

像介係詞和代名詞。我們可以藉由重音來判斷詞性

stress on the words. Easy? Good.

簡單？很好

So this is why I have to mention this because that will explain why these things change.

這就是為啥我要講，因為這會解釋為什麼這些詞性會變

The stress in English depends on -- where we say the X is depending on the sound it

重音取決於─X取決於它的發音

makes. Remember what I said? Stress in English tells us if it's a thing or a verb or a describer,

記得我說了甚麼嗎？重音告訴我們一個詞是一個東西、動詞、敘事者

an adjective, or an adverb or a function. And we have this here to help us figure out which one is which.

形容詞、副詞或是文法功能。所以這裡我們有的就是要來幫助我們分辨哪一個是哪一個

There are a couple of rules I'm going to give you in a second or two. I'm going to go to

我馬上要告訴你一些規則。大家看白板

the board and look at that. But one thing I'm going to say now and at the end is please

不過有一件事情，我現在要說、等等影片最後也要說，就是記得

remember that English is a global language, and not all the English in England is the

英文是個國際語言，因此並不是英國的英文和

same as in Canada or the same as America or Australia. So some of the words, you'll go,

加拿大的英文和美國英文和澳洲英文都一樣。所以有些字，會這樣說

"Well, we say it like this." I'm like, "Yeah. You do. But we say it like this." It doesn't

(各種口音示範)

make it wrong. It's just to remember. And that's why I usually say I make 80 percent

這些差異並不是錯誤。只是要去記得。這也是為什麼我說我的規則八成是對的

rules. 80 percent of the time, nobody cares because it's basically right. So those of

用八成的時間，根本沒人在意！因為這基本上是對的。

you with your books going, "Well, I read the Merriam dictionary, and it said this." You're

所以你們那些拿著書說著：哼我讀過Merriam字典，字典裡就是這麼說的！好啦好啦你是對的

right. You got me. So what? Okay? Because the other dictionary says something else.

你贏了。所以？Ok？因為其他本字典有其他講法

All right? So this is to basically help you understand that this is how you can understand

好嗎？所以這些話基本上是要幫助你了解你該如何理解我們在幹嘛

what we're doing. You don't have to be perfect, but you can understand what we're saying and

你不需要追求完美，但你可以懂我們在講啥然後試看看

copy it. And to help make it easy for you to learn these things.

然後讓你比較容易學這些知識

Are you ready? Let's go to the board.

準備好了嗎？看白板吧！

Boom. I'm a new X-Man. Mr. Disappear. See? X-Man? Get it?

Boooooooom! 我是新一代的X-man，消失先生....看到了嗎？X-man？懂了？(完全不懂)

Anyway. Let's go to the board, all right?

無論如何，看白板，好嗎？

So to help us figure out whether it's "eks", "iks", or "egz", I'm going to give you a couple

所以為了幫助理解eks, iks, egz，我要給你們一些

of, well, three little grammar rules that are quick and you can follow that will be helpful to you.

哦...三個文法規則，容易理解又實用

No. 1, if the first syllable -- that's why I made it No. 1, because I'm smart like that

規則一：如果第一個音節─這就是為什麼它是規則一，我很聰明吧

-- is stressed or -- please remember this part; it's very important -- or if it's followed

是重音或是...拜託記得這部分，真的很重要...或是後面有一個子音

by a consonant, we're going to see "eks". Okay? So you've got your "ex" plus "con".

我們會看到eks。好嗎？所以你有了ex加上con

So in the first two cases we, have "extreme" and "expand". Okay? So we're looking at is

在前兩個例子中，我們有extreme, expand。好？我們在這看到的是一個子音

a consonant here, okay? And you know, we're not talking about the stress in the syllable

對嗎？你也知道，我們並不是在說這個音節的重音

here. We're just talking about the fact that there's a consonant following. Cool? All right.

我們在討論後面有一個子音。酷吧ㄏㄏ。好

But if we look at "excellent", we do say, "This is excellent work." We say the "ex"

但如果我們看到excellent，我們會說，這作品太讚了。我們先說ex

first. Is similar to "X-Men" where we really put the stress on the first part. So the first

就好像X-Men的發音規則，就是把重音放在第一部分。所以第一個音節要發重音

syllable is stressed. So you have, "Excellent work." But nothing to the extreme. Right?

所以現在你有Excellent work。但沒有督興是完美的，對吧

So you have the second stressed, but we're saying really what we care about is there's

好這個是第二節發重音，但我們說的是ex後面有一個子音

a consonant following the "ex". Good? All right. That's the first one.

好？很好。這是規則一

Now, let's look at the second one. See? Smart guy, again. Second syllable, No. 2. I work

現在我們來看看規則二。看到了嗎？我就是聰明，再一次證明了^^第二個音節=規則二。這可是我的工作

at this. I'm a professional. Don't try this at home. Okay? The second syllable is stressed.

我是專業人士、英文學家。不要自己在家裡嘗試，懂？第二個音節發重音

So we look at "expect", "exclude", and "external". All right? And because of that -- see what

我們看到expect, exclude, external，好嗎？還有因為─看到我們這邊有甚麼嗎？

we've got here? We say -- the second syllable, it becomes "iks". "Ikspect", "iksclude", and

我們會說─第二個音節，就變成了iks, ikspect, iksclude, iksternal

"iksternal". Right? We don't know "EXternal". It's "external". "It's an external thing."

我們並不是發 EXternal (X-Man的發音方式)，而是external。這是個外部的問題

"He's excluded." All right? "What do you expect?" Not "expect". "What do you 'ikspect'?"

他被排除在外。好嗎？你期待些甚麼？並不是 expect (X-Man的發音方式)。你期待些甚麼？

Once again, depending on the region, people actually say, "I expect". And they really

在一次，因為地理位置不同，有些人確實會說 I expect ，他們確實會強調EX的音

emphasize that EX. These are just general guidelines. All right?

我講的這些是普遍的準則好嗎？

The third one -- I like this one. It's my favorite one. It's the easiest one. It starts

規則三─我很喜歡。我最愛的規則。最簡單的規則。字從X開始

with X. If the X is followed by a vowel -- so you just have to look for I, A, E, O -- you

如果X後面有一個母音─也就是I, A, E, O─你知道母音I, A, E, O, U

know, the vowels. I, A, E, O, U. Something like that. I think. Yeah. I think so. Five.

之類的。我想。對。我就是這麼想。母音有五個喔！

Okay. We say "egz". Now, most texts will say "egz", e-g-z. I like "eggs" because I have

好，我們說egz。大多數的念法是egz，e-g-z。我喜歡蛋因為可以搭配培根

it with my bacon. And I like Mr. E popping out of his egg. See? Baby E came from that.

我也喜歡E先生從蛋裡面跳出來。看到了沒？E寶寶從那裏跑出來

From an egg. So you look at "exit", "exam", "exactly". Funny enough, most of us English

從一顆蛋。所以你看到exit, exam, exactly。很好笑的是，大多數我們說英文的人

speakers never think we say "eggs", but we don't say "exact"; we say "eggsactly". "Eggsactly".

不覺得我們念了eggs，但我們不念exact，我們都念eggsactly，eggsactly。

Funny story, I went down to Mexico, and I thought this guy was talking to this Spanish

跟你們講個有趣的小故事，我去墨西哥，然後我以為：因為飛機不飛，有個傢伙在跟一個英文講得很好的西班牙人講話

man who spoke perfect English because our plane wasn't leaving. And I was explaining

所以用我破爛的西班牙文解釋

it in my poor, poor Spanish. And he would go, "Eggsactly. Eggsactly. Eggsactly." "Wow!

然後他就說，Eggsactly，Eggsactly，Eggsactly。哇你會說英文！

You speak English." "No. No senor." He didn't speak English, but he learned that one word,

「不，不，先生」(西班牙文)，他不是說英文，但他有學過這字

and it sounded so much like English to me I thought, "Exactly. He speaks English."

因為對我來說那聽起來超像英文。當然，他說英文。

But he didn't.

但他沒有

Anyway. It's been a quick lesson. I hope this helps you out. We talked about and touched

無論如何，時光匆匆流逝，我希望這影片有幫到你們。我們講了一些、也接觸了一些

on a couple of things. So I'll make sure you understood. English is a stress time, not

所以我要確定你們懂了。英文是強調重音的語言，不是音節長度相同的語言

syllable time. And because of that, the stress is important, and that's going to help you

因此，重音很重要，而這將會幫助你念X

when you're dealing with the letter X. Okay? It will also help with other things that we

好嗎？這也會幫助你其他英文的部分

do in English. But here is something for you to remember. There are three sounds for "ex".

不過有件事情你要記得。有三種EX的發音

There's "eks", as in "X-Men", "iks", as in "expect", and "egz", as in "exact". Okay?

也就是eks在X-Man的發音；iks在expect的發音；egz在exact的發音，好嗎？

And how you can know which one to use or when you're reading, which -- this will really

那你怎麼知道甚麼時候要發哪一個音？好接下來這一定對你很有用

help. When you want to speak, say the words you're reading. Follow the rules. First syllable

當你要說話時，要講你要念的字。遵守三條規則。第一音節發重音、後面有子音，念做eks

stressed or followed by a consonant, "eks". Second syllable stressed, then it's "iks".

第二音節發重音，念做iks

And if it's followed by a vowel, it's "egz" like "eggs", man, baby.

如果後面有母音，念做egz就像eggs的念法...(碎碎念)

Listen. It's been fun. Have a great day. But before you go, you're going to go to my favorite

聽著！這段時光很愉快。祝你有個美好的一天。不過在離開之前，你要去我最喜歡的地方

place, which is www.engvid.com, "Eng" as in "English", "vid" as in "video". Don't forget

也就是www.engvid.com。Eng的意思是英文，vid就是影片。別忘了訂閱！

to subscribe. You can get this lesson and other lessons on pronunciation, grammar, phrasal

你可以學到這堂課、其他關於文法、發音....的課程

verbs, and blah, blah, blah. Looking forward to seeing you there.

期待在這看到你們喔！

It's been an exciting time. Talk to you in a bit.

真是一段刺激的小時光。很快就會見面的！