Good afternoon

My name is Christina Paxson,

I'm the president of Brown University

and it is my very great plesaure

to welcome you

to the Stephen A. Ogden Jr.

Memorial lecture on international affairs.

For almost half a century

the Ogden lecture series

has brought presidents,

prime ministers, ambassadors, senators,

and at least one king

to Providence for presentations

that have been among the most distinguished

guest lectures Brown has offered,

all of them open to the public.

Stephen Ogden was a member

of the Brown Class of 1960,

a student of foreign affairs

who dreamed of promoting international peace

through a career in international relations,

a dream that is shared today

by so many college and university students.

Stephen did not live to realize his dreams.

Sadly, he died in 1963

of injuries sustained in an auto accident

during his junior year.

The Ogden family established this lecture series

as a memorial to Stephen

and as an encouragement

to everyone who shares his dream

of international peace.

The university is deeply grateful

to the Ogden family for its creative vision

and generosity,

and we are pleased that Stephen's sister Peggy

has joined us for this afternoon's presentation.

I can't see you, but thank you, Peg.

I know you're there.

(applause)]]>

Today, we have a rare opportunity.

We have with us a world leader

who commands neither an army or a navy,

who does not seek to tip the balance of trade

or gain an economic advantage,

who works to resolve, not to exploit,

the ideological, cultural, religious, and political

differences that keep people and nations apart.

He has described himself

as a simple Buddhist monk,

yet his message of peace

is the product of a profound

and continuing life's work.

Born to a farming family

in a small village in north-eastern Tibet

and recognized as the reincarnation

of the thirteenth Dalai Lama

when he was only two years old,

His Holiness followed a different path:

of study, reflection,

of compassion, and of learning.

He began a rigorous monastic

education when he was six years old,

emerging seventeen years later

at the highest level of achievement

in Buddhist philosophy.

He studied art, culture,

music, poetry, history, logic,

and Buddhist philosohpy.

His interests, however are much more extensive,

including his sustained dialogue

with scientists and theorists

in astrophysics, behavioral science,

neurobiology, and quantum mechanics.

In his 2005 book,

The Universe in a Single Atom: The Convergence of Science and Spirituality]]>

he wrote,

"The great benefit of science

is that it can contribute tremendously

to the alleviation of suffering at the physical level,

but it is only through the cultivation

of the qualities of the human heart

and the transformation of our attitudes

that we can begin to address

and overcome our mental suffering.

We need both

since the alleviation of suffering

must take place at both the physical

and psychological levels.

Although his training was monastic,

His Holiness was called to public life

in the spiritual leadership of the Tibetan people

in 1950, when he was in his mid teens.

He has carried his message

of nonviolence to more than sixty nations

on six continents.

He's addressed United Nations,

Parliament, members of the U.S. Congress,

and the governments of many nations.

He has reached out to

worldwide religious leaders,

always advocating for nonviolent solutions

even in the face

of unspeakable aggression and oppression.

The world,

not always attentive and sometimes dismissive

of peacemakers, has hurt him.

He's the 1989 Nobel Laureate for Peace,

and in March of this year,

he was awarded the Templeton prize,

perhaps the highest honor for a religious leader.

His tireless travels,

his seventy-two books,

and his presentations have invited the public to stop,

to listen,

and to consider the vast potential of a peaceful approach.

And so he comes to us today,

here in Providence, Rhode Island,

and it is my great delight to welcome to Providence

and to present to you

His Holiness, the 14th Dalai Lama.

(applause)]]>

(laughter, applause)]]>

Brothers

and sisters,

and certainly

respected

president

of the famous university,

so indeed I am very

happy, and it's a great honor

to speak

to such a big gathering,

and also I think most of you

seem, I think,

younger generation. Students, a younger generation.

Firstly,

I want to show you

my real face, like that.

(laughter)]]>

With this hat,

you cannot see this baldness.

(laughter)]]>

And actually,

from here,

two sides,

more white hair,

see, growing.

This hair, on this side,

hair itself, less and less and less.

So, sometimes,

something like competition. This side say,

(audience laughs)]]>

"Oh, no longer need hair."

And these two sides say,

"Oh, need hair,

but white."

(laughter, applause)]]>

So now,

in order to see

the audience face

more clearly,

this kind of hat is very helpful.

Very helpful, thank you.

Although this visit

seems like the first time,

but,

whenever I meet people,

I always feel

we know each other

because

we are same human being.

Mentally,

emotionally,

physically,

we are the same.

So from my own experience,

from my own sort of feeling,

I easily understand

what kind of

sort of emotions, what kind of mind

what kind of desire

in these people in the room, in their mind.

And the most important

everyone wants-

everyone want

happy life.

No one

loves suffering.

No one loves problems.

Even animals

want

happy life.

And because of that sort of desire,

by nature,

we all

have desire to achieve happy life.

Therefore,

everyone,

including animals,

have a right

to achieve

happy life.

And everyone has the right to overcome

problems, or disturbances.

So that,

very much live with peace,

even animals,

peaceful atmosphere,

they feel

relaxed.

Happy.

Some disturbances come,

then they become tense.

More stress. Human beings also!

So peace itself,

not something secret.

But we want, we need that peace,

because we want happy life.

Do not want suffering.

So violence

always brings fear.

Fear

increases tension,

stress,

frustration.

Then that

usually, you see, creates violence.

So violence

often creates more violence.

So therefore,

reality- the reality is,

we want happy life.

Happiness

very much lived with peace.

So our emotional

[...] narrow-minded views

when we face some sort of problems.

We feel,

"Oh, use force

and destroy that.

That

gains

victory,

our long-lasting happiness."

This is wrong.

That kind of attitude is wrong.

So then,

I think

I am

a person

whose age

now over seventy-seven

yeas old.

Almost

my whole life

living in

some kind of

violent world.

I was born

1935.

Then soon after-

then already, I think, some violence, some sort of invasion

in China,

some problems, violence,

already started.

Then, soon- and then, Nazi power, also,

growing.

So then,

soon after,

Second World War.

Then,

Korean War.

Vietnam War.

And also including

a lot of, sort of-

civil wars, or some disturbances.

translator: Regional wars.]]>

Regional wars.

So when

I look back

to a major portion of my life

-- that means

the 20th century,

since 19- 960- no, no, 1935.

That century,

sadly, become central bloodshed.

I saw immense violence,

and some of great achievement from scientific research work

also done for violence.

The atomic bomb.

So actually,

two

atom bombs

dropped

in Japan.

One

Hiroshima, one Nagasaki.

I had

some opportunity to visit these two places.

And my first- I think, first or second visit,

at Japan,

one occassion, actually I met

some sort of victims-

translator: Survivors.]]>

survivors

of nuclear bomb.

Really terrible.

Saw the

immense violence.

If

create better world,