that I would teach you English on EngVid, www.engvid.com. Today's lesson is good versus

一下我在EngVid 這個網站上教你們英文。今天的課程內容跟名詞的

bad with nouns.

好與壞有關。

I hear this mistake a lot, almost every day. So I want to help you. I want you to sound

我超常聽到這些錯誤的，幾乎每天。所以我想要幫助你，讓你在講英文的時候，

as natural as possible when you speak English.

盡可能地聽起來很自然。

So maybe you have already learned that we have uncountable and countable nouns. Now,

所以也許你已經學過不可數跟可數名詞了。

what this means -- if you haven't learned this before -- is that if a noun is uncountable,

如果你沒有學過的話，這個意思就是說，當某個名詞為不可數名詞，

we do not put an S at the end of the noun. So things that are really teeny tiny small

那這個名詞後面就不可以加上S。所以那種很小很小的東西

like rice or sugar or salt are uncountable. Things that are liquid -- for example beer

像是飯粒、糖或是鹽就是不可數名詞。還有液體，例如啤酒

or water -- are uncountable. So all liquids and tiny things are uncountable. Also, gases

或水，也是不可數名詞。所以只要是液體跟超級細小的東西都是不可數的。還有，

are uncountable. That wasn't me.

氣體也是不可數名詞。(屁聲) 呵呵不是我放的唷。

So I could go on with a massive list of uncountable nouns, but you can do that yourself. Then,

接著我就可以列出一張很大的不可數名詞清單，不過這個你自己來就行了。

we have countable. Countable, obviously, you can stick an S on the end of the noun. So

再來，我們有可數名詞。可數，顧名思義，就是你可以在字尾加上S。所以

most things are countable. For example, dogs, hamburgers, cats, markers, eyes, hair -- hair

大部分的東西都是可數的。例如，狗、漢堡、貓、白板筆、眼睛、頭髮 -- 頭髮其實

is uncountable because there are so many tiny little hairs on one heads.

不可數，因為有太多細小的頭髮在一個人的頭上了。

So this is the rule that you have learned. If your noun is uncountable, you have to say

以上就是你所學過的規則。如果你現在用的是不可數名詞，你必須用

"too much". So maybe you have come up with a sentence that says, "I have too much sugar."

too much。所以你也許可以造一個句子 I have too much sugar.(糖加太多了)

Good. Okay. So you know that sugar is uncountable, and you have used a very good English sentence.

讚。好，所以你知道糖是不可數名詞，然後你也造了一個完美的英文句子。

You used, "I have too much sugar." Good.

你說， I have too much sugar. 很棒。

And then, your teacher says, "Okay. Make a countable noun sentence." Okay. "I have too

接著，你的老師說：「好。現在來用可數名詞造個句吧。」好。I have too

many pens." I have a lot of pens. "I have too many pens." Very, very good grammatical

many pens. 我有很多隻筆。I have too many pens. 好一個文法完美的

sentences. But there's a problem. Bad nouns. Bad, bad, bad nouns. Bad nouns, what I mean

句子。但是這裡有一個問題。不好名詞。壞透了的名詞，我的意思是

is when we use "too much" or "too many", your noun has to be something that you do not like

當你使用 too much 或是 too many 的時候，你所提出的名詞必須是你不喜歡的東西。

okay? For example, maybe you go to school and your teacher gives you homework. Do you

懂嗎？舉例來說，你去學校上課然後老師出了作業給你。對你來說

think homework is a bad noun or a good noun? What's your opinion of homework? I hate homework.

作業是壞名詞還是好名詞？你對於作業本身的看法是什麼？我恨作業。

I hate it. It's boring. I hate it. I hate it. So in my opinion, homework is a bad noun.

我恨它。他無聊死了。我恨它。我恨它。所以就我而言，作業是一個糟糕的名詞。

So I'm going to say, "I have too much homework." Because homework is a negative or a bad thing,

所以我會說 I have too much homework. 因為作業是一個負面或是不好的東西。

I can say, "Oh, God. I have too much homework tonight." Okay? "Too much" and "too many"

所以我才說 Oh God. I have too much homework tonight. 懂嗎？ Too much還有too many

are always going to be for negative or bad things that you don't like.

都是用來形容負面或是你不喜歡的爛東西。

So "too many" -- maybe you go to the movie, and it's really, really crowded. You can say,

所以 too many，也許去看電影時，遇到了擁擠人潮，你就可以說，

"There are too many people." Now, maybe you like people. Maybe you don't like people.

There are too many people. (人也太多了吧) 現在，你可能愛人群。你也有可能不愛人群。

But in this situation, having a lot of people is bad. So once again, it is your opinion.

但在這個情境，人潮擁擠就是一件壞事。所以再次強調，這跟你的想法有關。

"Too much" and "too many" are always for things that you do not like personally or you think

Too much還有 too many 永遠只會用來描述你自己不喜歡或是你當下

are bad at the moment. For example, "There are too many calories in seven cookies." I

覺得不滿意的東西。譬如 There are too many calories in seven cookies.我喜歡

like cookies. Who doesn't like cookies? I love cookies. But calories, they're bad. So

餅乾啊。誰會不喜歡餅乾呢？我超愛。但是卡路里(熱量)，他們爛透了。所以

I can say, "There are too many calories." Okay? "There is too much rain in the rainy

我會說There are too many calories.懂嗎？There is too much rain in the rainy

season or in spring." There's too much rain. I don't want any more rain. Okay?

season or in spring. 這裡雨下太多了。我不希望再下雨了。理解嗎？

Now, in the reverse, we have the beautiful, lovely, happy good things. The beautiful,

現在，反過來說，有些東西是我們覺得美好的、令人開心的。這些漂亮

lovely, good things are my good nouns. Good nouns, as you might have guessed, are things

可愛、美好的東西就是好的名詞。好的名詞，就如同你所想的，就是

that you like. For example, beer. You will never, ever, ever, open your fridge and go,

你喜歡的東西。舉例來說，啤酒。你永遠不可能打開冰箱然後說

"Oh, no. I've got too many beers. I've got too much beer." This will never happen. You

Oh no. I've got too many beers. I've got too much beer. (噢不。也太多罐啤酒了吧。我有太多啤酒了啦。) 這是不可能發生的。

will never go to the bank machine and go, "Look at that. I've got too much money." Never

你不可能去提款機然後說 Look at that. I've got too much money. (你看看。我實在是有太多錢了啦。)

happens. So when it's a positive thing, what you're going to say is "a lot of". For example,

這完全不可能發生。所以當這是一件正面的事，你要用的應該是 a lot of。例如，

"I have a lot of friends." Friends are usually good things. Or if you're lucky, you might

I have a lot of friends. 朋友通常被視為是美好的。或是如果你很幸運，你也許會說

say, "I have a lot of money." If you have a lot of money, Ronnie would like some money.

I have a lot of money. 如果你錢很多，Ronnie也滿想要有點錢的。

Donate money. Money, money, money. Okay? "I have a lot of money." "I have a lot of beer."

捐點錢吧。錢錢錢。懂嗎？I have a lot of money.I have a lot of beer.

Yes. "I have a lot of friends."

對。I have a lot of friends.

The cool thing about "a lot of" is that it can be used for both countable and uncountable.

A lot of 用法上有個很棒的點，就是它可以用於可數和不可數名詞。

It's very, very natural in English that we say "a lot of" as opposed to "too much" or

用 a lot of而不是 too much 或是 too many 在英文中是非常非常自然的一件事。

"many". All the time.

一直都是如此。

So what I want you to do is I want you to get a lot of happiness in your life. I don't

所以我想要你做的就是讓你的人生充滿許多快樂。

want you to have too much homework. I don't want you to have too many bad people in your

我不希望你有太多作業。我不希望你的人生中出現太多壞人。

life. And I want you to enjoy learning English. Until then, goodbye.

我希望你可以享受學習英文的樂趣。就到這邊，再會。