Name: 為什麼大家都離開紐西蘭？🤔 (Why Everyone is Leaving New Zealand)
Uploaded: 2025-11-11T07:52:09.000Z
Duration: 13 min 33 s

情態副詞

This is New Zealand, genuinely one of the most beautiful countries in the world.

這是紐西蘭，真的是世界上最美麗的國家之一。

程度副詞

In addition to its picturesque landscapes, a lot of that beauty also comes down to the fact that it is extremely remote, so much so that it's left off a lot of global maps.

除了風景如畫之外，它的美麗很大一部分也來自於它極度偏遠，甚至被許多世界地圖遺漏。

And it's home to a relatively small population of just 5.3 million people.

而且這裡只有相對較少的 530 萬人口。

These people enjoy a very high standard of living, good education, very stable government, good access to healthcare and a relatively egalitarian culture.

這裡的人們享有非常高的生活水準、良好的教育、非常穩定的政府、良好的醫療保健以及相對平等的文化。

Now, while all of this may sound great on a tourism brochure, this it has had some unintuitive consequences on the national economy, an economy which was very unique to begin with.

雖然這聽起來很棒，就像旅遊手冊上的內容一樣，但這對國家經濟產生了一些意想不到的後果，而這個經濟本身一開始就很獨特。

What is happening is that Kiwis are seeing a country that probably looks like a dreamland to most of the rest of the world, and

現在的情況是，紐西蘭人看到一個對世界上大多數人來說可能像夢土一樣的國家，

they're leaving it from an already small population.

他們正在離開這個本來人口就不多的國家。

New Zealand has one of the highest rates of emigration anywhere in the world, with the bulk of them just making the short jump across here to Australia.

紐西蘭的移民出境率是世界上最高的之一，其中大部分人只是輕鬆地跳到澳洲。

More than 10% of New Zealand's people currently live in Australia.

目前有超過 10% 的紐西蘭人居住在澳洲。

There are, in some cases, just as many people leaving per capita from New Zealand as there are from third world countries embroiled in active conflicts.

有時候，紐西蘭每人移民出境的人數，跟那些捲入現實衝突的第三世界國家一樣多。

To make matters worse, the bulk of this exodus is made up of highly productive workers right at the start of their careers.

更糟的是，這場大量遷徙的主力，都是剛開始職業生涯、生產力高的勞工。

Now, the population is still growing, but

that has been fuelled largely by immigration to fill in the gaps left by the skilled workers who are leaving.

這主要是靠移民入境來填補那些離開的技術熟練的勞工留下的空缺。

And that itself is creating other problems, only making this whole issue harder to address.

而這本身又製造了其他問題，讓整個問題更難解決。

And then, on top of that, New Zealand is seeing the exact opposite problem coming the other way.

然後，除此之外，紐西蘭也面臨著相反的問題。

A certain group of Australians are flooding into New Zealand and doing what Australians do best.

有一群澳洲人湧入紐西蘭，做著澳洲人最擅長的事。

So what makes New Zealand's economy so unique?

那麼，是什麼讓紐西蘭的經濟如此獨特？

What are the issues causing so many Kiwis to leave New Zealand?

究竟是什麼原因讓這麼多紐西蘭人選擇移民出境呢？

And finally, why has this trend been so hard to reverse?

最後，為什麼這個趨勢這麼難以扭轉？

You leave the house or the country and realise you forgot a file, or worse, an entire project folder sitting on your desktop at home.

你離家或離開國家後，才發現忘了檔案，甚至更糟，是整個專案資料夾還留在你家桌面上。

這就是我們使用 AnyDesk 的原因。

It lets you remotely access your computer from anywhere, whether you're pulling up a file, troubleshooting a system or even managing complex workflows, you just can't run on a laptop.

它能讓你隨時隨地遠端存取你的電腦，無論是提取檔案、故障排除系統，甚至是管理複雜的工作流程，這些都無法在筆記型電腦上完成。

We've used it for everything from reviewing video edits to running dashboards and moving big media files directly without cloud uploads or middlemen, just a direct, secure connection from one device to another.

我們用它來處理各種事務，從審查影片剪輯、運行儀錶板，到直接移動大型媒體檔案，無需雲端上傳或中間人，只有裝置之間直接、安全的連線。

And if you're into more specialised setups.

3D printers, retro systems, remote rendering rigs.

像是 3D 列表機、舊式系統、遠端渲染設備。

AnyDesk even supports older machines all the way back to Windows xp.

AnyDesk 甚至支援最舊到 Windows xp 的機器。

It also has real time audio pass through so you can check sound design or scrub through an edit remotely without the audio breaking up.

它還有即時音訊傳輸，所以你可以遠端檢查音效設計或瀏覽剪輯內容，而不會中斷音訊。

Basically, it makes working from anywhere feel like you're right at your desk, whether that desk is across town or across the world.

基本上，它讓你在任何地方工作都感覺就像坐在辦公桌前一樣，無論你的辦公桌是在城裡還是世界另一端。

It's free for personal use and there are flexible plans for teams like ours.

個人使用是免費的，而且我們這樣的團隊也有彈性的方案。

The link is in the Description New Zealand's economy is largely defined by the realities that it is quite small and extremely remote.

連結在說明欄。紐西蘭的經濟很大程度上由其規模小且極度偏遠的現實所定義。

It has roughly the same total population as the city of Sydney just across the pond here in Australia.

它的人口總數大約與澳洲這裡的雪梨市差不多。

And even here in Australia itself, we're not exactly known for our massive population, but

即使在澳洲本土，我們的人口也不是特別龐大，但

A curse in the sense that building globally competitive industries there is extremely difficult because almost anything that can be done in New Zealand can be done much cheaper, at a much larger scale and much closer to shipping lanes up in Asia.

詛咒在於，要在紐西蘭建立具有全球競爭力的產業非常困難，因為幾乎任何在紐西蘭能做到的事情，都可以在亞洲以更便宜、更大規模、更靠近航運線的地方完成。

This isn't just traditional heavy industries either.

Financial services are usually a key export of comparatively advanced regional nations like this.

金融服務通常是像這樣相對先進的區域國家的一大出口項目。

But why would anyone go do their international banking in Auckland when there is Singapore, which is far closer physically to most commercial centres, but

但既然有新加坡，它離大多數商業中心更近，而且

also far more integrated into the global financial system for most business requirements.

對於大多數商業需求，它也更融入全球金融系統，為什麼還要特地跑到奧克蘭去處理國際銀行業務呢？

Even if someone wanted financial services specifically for operations in this region, Sydney is right there with a more widely recognised currency and a bigger overall market.

即使有人想要專門針對這個區域營運的金融服務，雪梨就在旁邊，擁有更廣泛認可的貨幣和更大的整體市場。

What's more is that the political connections between Australia and New Zealand so close that practically anything an international business would want to do in New Zealand can be done from a base of operations in Australia.

更何況澳洲和紐西蘭之間的政治聯繫如此緊密，國際企業想在紐西蘭做的任何事，幾乎都可以從澳洲的營運基地完成。

This closeness is an extremely big deal, so do keep that in mind.

這種緊密關係非常重要，所以請記住這一點。

The point is though, the only industries operating in New Zealand are industries that need to be there.

但重點是，紐西蘭唯一運作的產業都是必須在那裡才能運作的產業。

Tourism, local finance, local services, some regional maritime operations.

觀光、在地金融、在地服務，以及一些區域性的海運業務。

They all play a role and it must be remembered that the population is tiny, so there isn't a need for a huge number of huge services.

它們都扮演著一定的角色，而且必須記住，人口非常少，所以不需要大量的龐大服務。

But a closer look at the exact breakdown of these industries will shed some light on these problems.

不過仔細看看這些產業的確切組成，就能更瞭解這些問題。

其中一個特別突出的領域是農業。

New Zealand is one of the most agriculturally productive countries in the world, which is highly unusual for such an advanced economy.

紐西蘭是世界上農業生產力最高的國家之一，這對於一個已開發經濟體來說非常罕見。

The Channel Hoser Hoosa I dunno, the beaver dude did a great deep dive on this, so I don't want to repeat too much here, but

Channel Hoser Hoosa 我不知道，那隻河狸的影片有做得很深入的探討，所以我不想在這裡重複太多，但是

the point is that New Zealand has taken farming, which is typically an industry relied on by Lower income countries and used its incredibly fertile land, abundant water sources and modern technologies to produce valuable export commodities that are very competitive in the global economy.

重點是，紐西蘭把農業，這個通常是低收入國家依賴的產業，利用其極肥沃的土地、豐富的水源和現代技術，生產出在全球經濟中極具競爭力的寶貴出口商品。

Especially next door in Asia, which has a lot of mouths to feed.

尤其是在隔壁的亞洲，那裡有很多人需要餵養。

Now this is great and all but most well educated city dwelling New Zealanders aren't exactly lining up to go and work on farms.

現在這聽起來很棒，但大多數受過良好教育、住在城市的紐西蘭人，並不太會排隊去農場工作。

There aren't that many jobs there anyway.

anyway，那裡的工作機會本來就不多。

Farms in New Zealand are some of the most valuable in the world per hectare because they are extremely fertile and because they're in the southern hemisphere, which means they can grow off season foods for the much larger markets in the northern hemisphere.

紐西蘭的農場每公頃價值都是世界上最高的，因為它們非常肥沃，而且位於南半球，這意味著它們可以為北半球更大的市場種植反季節的食物。

But when people are spending this much on their farmland, it only makes sense to also invest into the best equipment as well.

但當人們在農田上花費這麼多錢時，投資最好的設備也是很合理的。

Which means most of these operations are highly mechanised and require relatively little human labour.

這意味著大部分的農場作業高度機械化，所需的人力相對較少。

Well, the biggest industries in the country by far are all centred around housing.

嗯，到目前為止，這個國家最大的幾個產業都圍繞著住房。

Selling houses, renting houses, building houses, financing houses and, and

賣房子、租房子、蓋房子、房屋貸款，還有

governing the selling, renting, building and financing of all of those houses all collectively make up about half of the country's entire economic output.

管理所有這些房子的買賣、租賃、建造和貸款，這些加起來就佔了國家總經濟產出的將近一半。

For starters, there is obviously just the cost of these houses.

首先，很明顯就是這些房子的價格。

When this much of the economy is dependent on playing past the parcel of land, it's perhaps unsurprising that this sparsely populated and very remote country has some of the most unaffordable real estate in the world.

當經濟有這麼大一部分依賴於土地的轉手遊戲時，這個人口稀少又偏遠的國家擁有世界上最買不起的房地產，或許也不令人意外。

Now, to be fair, the country has taken some steps to deflate this housing market, like banning foreign buyers from purchasing property.

說實話，這個國家也採取了一些措施來為這個房地產市場降溫，像是禁止外國買家購買房產。

By cutting off a source of demand for property, all other things being equal, prices should have fallen.

假設其他條件不變，透過切斷一個需求來源，房價應該要下跌。

But in reality it didn't really do too much.

但實際上並沒有什麼太大的影響。

Before the ban, foreign buyers were only 3% of purchasers anyway.

在禁令實施前，外國買家本來就只佔了 3%。

And on top of that, it didn't stop the biggest source of foreign demand, which was Australians.

更何況，這並沒有阻止最大的外國需求來源，也就是澳洲人。

Because Australia and New Zealand really are so close, we have a lot of agreements where we will for the most part treat their people like our people and vice versa.

因為澳洲和紐西蘭真的很近，我們有很多協議，基本上會把他們的人民當成自己人，反之亦然。

That means that the ban specifically did not include Australians, who were the largest foreign buyers in the first place.

這意味著禁令特別排除了澳洲人，而他們本來就是最大的外國買家。

People in Australia on average have a lot of money and something like a holiday house or even a retirement home in places like Queenstown or Auckland are extremely popular with wealthy Australians who want to live amongst beautiful sceneries without those sceneries actively trying to kill them.

澳洲人平均很有錢，在皇后鎮或奧克蘭等地買度假屋，甚至是退休宅，對想在美麗風景中生活，又不用擔心被風景「殺死」的澳洲富人來說，非常受歡迎。

Investing in New Zealand is particularly attractive as well, because even though their house prices are extremely high, they are still for the most part lower than major cities in Australia.

投資紐西蘭也特別有吸引力，因為即使他們的房價非常高，但對大多數人來說，還是比澳洲主要城市的房價低。

Oh, and on top of that it can be very tax efficient.

Home buyers need to pay something called stamp duty when investing in a property.

買房者在投資房產時，需要支付一種叫做印花稅的費用。

Here in Australia, this is a fee of roughly 3% of the home price paid upfront, which doesn't sound too bad, but

在澳洲這裡，這筆費用大約是房價的 3%，而且要一次付清，聽起來好像沒什麼，但

when a shack like this sells for $7 million, it does add up.

當像這樣一間小屋賣到 700 萬美元時，這筆錢加起來就不少了。

New Zealand doesn't have this upfront fee, making it an attractive alternative.

紐西蘭沒有這筆預付費用，這讓它成為一個有吸引力的替代選擇。

Of course, most demand comes from within the country and for what it's worth, prices have been falling over recent years, thanks to government policies that have largely made properties less tax efficient investing vehicles.

當然，大部分的需求來自國內，而且就目前情況來看，由於政府的政策讓房地產投資的稅務效益大不如前，近幾年房價一直在下跌。

The changes themselves, just like the foreign investor ban, haven't actually been that huge.

這些改變本身，就像外國投資者禁令一樣，其實並沒有那麼巨大。

But even the indication that the government wanted to do something about house prices was enough to take a lot of the exuberance out of the market.

但即使政府想對房價做些什麼的暗示，就足以讓市場的熱度消退不少。

Either way, prices are still a problem, more so here than most other countries around the world.

無論如何，房價仍然是個問題，在這裡比世界上大多數其他國家都更嚴重。

And this makes it seem like a pretty open and shut case, right?

這聽起來似乎是個板上釘釘的案子，對吧？

Young Kiwis who can't afford to start a life in New Zealand are moving out to somewhere where they can.

買不起在紐西蘭開始生活的年輕紐西蘭人，正在搬到一個他們可以的地方。

The problem with that assumption is that more than half of them are moving out of the frying pan and into the fire that is Australia.

這個假設的問題是，他們有一半以上是從一個困境跳進另一個困境，那就是澳洲。

If they really did just want cheaper homes, this would not be the move.

如果他們真的只想買便宜的房子，那就不會這樣做了。

What they're really after is opportunity.

The only industries in New Zealand are those that really have to be there.

紐西蘭唯一的產業就是那些非有不可的產業。

Which means unless people want to work in agriculture or in jobs somehow connected to the local real estate market, there is just more opportunities in larger Australian cities.

這表示除非人們想從事農業或與當地房地產市場相關的工作，否則澳洲大城市有更多機會。

More specialised professions naturally tend to gravitate towards larger commercial centres.

較專業的職業自然會傾向於較大的商業中心。

If someone wanted to work as a fine arts curator, or a high end researcher, or even just a senior manager, most of those jobs can't really be found in small country towns.

如果有人想擔任藝術策展人、頂尖研究人員，甚至是高階經理人，這些工作大多無法在鄉村小鎮找到。

There just isn't enough demand to support those roles in smaller commercial centres.

在較小的商業中心，這些職位沒有足夠的需求來支撐。

So naturally they tend to shift towards big cities.

所以他們自然會傾向於大城市。

The thing that makes New Zealand so unique though is, is that the big cities all of these jobs are gravitating towards are in a different country.

但紐西蘭獨特的地方在於，這些工作都湧向的大城市，卻是在另一個國家。