your favourites, phrasal verbs; everybody's favourites because they're so much fun and

你們的最愛：片語動詞。每個人都喜歡片語，因為片語既有趣

easy to understand. Today we're going to look at phrasal verbs with "hold". Okay? We have

又容易理解。今天要來討論的片語跟「hold」有關 。好的，我們總共有

10 of them. And again, what is a phrasal verb? Just to review. It is a verb, in this case:

10個片語。再問一次，什麼是片語動詞？先複習一下，片語動詞就是動詞，在下面的例子裡

"hold", plus a preposition, when put together, have completely different meanings than the

「hold」 加上一個介係詞，就會產生跟原本兩個單字分開時

two words by themselves. So, let's start.

完全不同的意思。那就開始吧！

We have: "hold on". Now, many of you might hear this one when you call somebody on the

先看「hold on」。現在你們可能聽到這個片語的情況是打電話給某人時

phone and you say: -"Hi, may I speak with Joe?" -"Oh, yeah, I'll get him. Hold on."

你說：「嗨，請問Joe在嗎？」 「哦，好的，我叫他來聽。『Hold on』。」

What does "hold on" mean? Means wait. "Hold on" also means grab. So if you're on the bus

這裡的「hold on」是什麼意思呢？意思是等一下。「Hold on」也解釋成抓。假設你在公車上

and you see like it's a bit shaky, you hold on to the bar so you don't fall. "Hold on",

覺得公車有點搖晃，你抓住拉環以免跌倒。「Hold on」

wait; "hold on", grab.

等一下; 「hold on 」抓

Next, we have: "hold off". Now, "hold off" can also mean wait. But whereas "hold on"

接下來來看「hold off」。它也可以解釋為等一下。但「hold on」的意思是

means I'm telling you to wait, usually "hold off" means you're waiting for something else

我叫你等一下，通常「hold off」指的是你在等某件事

to finish. Right? So I will hold off giving you the quiz until I finish explaining everything.

結束。 例如：等我解釋完所有的意思後，我會給你們做個小測驗。

It's a little bit like postpone as well. It can also means... It could also mean - sorry

這個片語跟耽擱也有點類似。也可以解釋成，可以解釋成　

- delay. So, we will hold off the election until everybody has a chance to find out who

延期。例如：我們會把選舉延期，直到每個人都認識

the candidates are. Okay? So we will hold off, we will postpone it or delay it.

所有候選人。還可以嗎？所以我們會「hold off」，我們會延後或是延遲

"Hold up". "Hold up" also means delay, to delay something. So the party was held up

「Hold up」。「Hold up」也有延期的意思，某事延期了。例如：派對要延期舉行

because not enough people came because of the bad weather. Okay? Or the concert was

因為來的人不夠多，因為天氣不好。可以嗎？或是演唱會將會

held up because the singer was a little bit sick, couldn't make it on to the stage for

延期，因為歌手有點感冒，沒有辦法在台上演唱或

whatever reason. A completely different meaning of "hold up" is: "Stick 'em up. This is a

任何其他原因。另一個完全跟「hold up」 不一樣的意思是「Stick 'em up(搶劫時叫你把雙手舉起) 這也是

hold up." A robbery. Okay? But what you have to remember is this could also be a noun,

「hold up」 。一個搶匪。但你需要記得的是，這兩個字連在一起也可以當作名詞，

a one-word noun. In that case, it's a robbery. The bank robbers walked into the bank and

變成一個單字的名詞用法。用剛才搶劫的例子。銀行搶匪走進銀行

heldup the tellers to get their money.

蒙面強劫所有行員

"Hold out". "Hold out" also means wait, but in a very different context. If you're holding

「Hold out」。「Hold out」也是等一下，但是從上下文來看會有很大的不同。如果你在「holding out」

out for something better, it means you're waiting for a better offer, or a better situation,

某件事可以更好，代表你在等更好的建議、更好的情勢

or anything better to come along. So, for example: in sports, you will hear this word

或是任何更好的事即將發生。所以，舉例來說，在運動界，你時常可以聽到這個字

often. A professional hockey player is coming to the end of his... coming to the end of

一位專業的曲棍球選手，他的合約將要到期

his contract. The team wants to sign him to a new contract, but he's not. He's not signing.

球隊想要跟他續約，但是他不想。他不簽約。

Why? He wants more money. They say: "Okay. We're not going to give you more money". He'll

為什麼？因為他想要更多薪水。球隊說：「好吧！但我們沒有打算給你多點薪水。」

say: "Okay, I'll wait". So he is holding out for a better offer. This could also be a noun,

他說：「好，那我等。」所以他在等待一個更好的待遇。這個字也可以是名詞，

a "holdout". We would say the person is a holdout for a better contract.

變成「holdout」。我們說這個人堅持要等更好的合約。

"Hold over". "Hold over" also means to delay. The exhibition was held over until next week

「Hold over」。「Hold over」也代表延後。展覽要延到下禮拜

because of technical difficulties. The lights weren't working or there was a problem with

因為有技術上的問題。會場的電燈不會亮或是一些跟

the electricity, so the exhibition was held over to the next week.

電力有關的問題，所以展覽要延到下禮拜。

"Hold against". Also, two meanings. I can hold the pen against my chest. I could hold

「Hold against」。這詞有兩個意思。例如，我把筆靠近我的胸口。我把

the baby against my heart, for example. But "hold against" - completely different meaning

寶寶抱在懷裡。但是，「hold against」卻有完全不同的解釋

- means to have a grudge. Now, I'm not sure if you guys know what "grudge" means. A grudge

意思是「grudge」。我不確定你們知不知道「grudge」。

means when you... When somebody did something bad to you and you just can't forgive them.

Grudge代表你...某人做了對不起你的事情，而你無法原諒對方

You will always remember that bad thing they did and you will always hold it against them.

你一直記得那些人做的對不起的事，所以你對那些人很有意見。

Every time they want to speak to you, you're... In the back of your mind is that bad thing

每次他們想要和你說話時，你內心深處總記得他們對你做的那些壞事

they did. You're always remembering; you're never forgetting, you're never forgiving.

他們對你做的。你總是記得，你無法忘記，你無法原諒。

So you hold it against them all the time. They want to help you, you don't trust them.

所以你對他們很有偏見。就算他們想幫你，你也不相信他們

You hold it against them that they did something bad to you in the past.

你對他們有偏見，因為過去曾做對不起你的事。

"Hold onto", again two meanings. Similar to "hold on", hold on to something, "hold onto"

「Hold onto」。兩個意思。跟「hold on」有點類似，抓緊某物。「hold onto」

your seats, we're going to go very fast. So when you go to a movie, for example, say:

你的位子，接下來會開很快。例如，你要去看電影，可以說

"Hold onto your seats, this is going to be an exciting ride", or an exciting movie, or

「要坐穩囉，這將會是一場很刺激的旅程」，或是一部很刺激的電影，或

whatever. "Hold onto" also means keep. Hold onto your job, basically. Don't lose your

任何事情。「Hold onto」也可以解釋成保有。最普遍的，守住你的工作。不要丟了

job; hold onto it. Hold onto your friends. Never lose your friends; not a good idea.

工作。保住工作。把握你的朋友，不要失去朋友了，這不好。

"Hold back". "Hold back" is to restrain someone. It means keep them back from going forward

「Hold back」 。「Hold back」意思是去約束某人。阻止某人更進一步

or to hold back somebody who's very angry, for example. Somebody made me very angry,

或是克制某位很生氣的人。例如說：有人讓我非常生氣，

I want to go fight... I'm not a very violent person, but, you know, it happens. I'm about

我想找他打架...我不是一個暴力的人，但你知道，有時候就會這樣。我要去

to go fight, but then all my friends hold me back and don't let me go forward to do

找他算帳，但是所有朋友都阻止我，讓我無法進一步做

anything. "Hold back" is... Another way to think of it is in school. If a... If a child

任何事情。「Hold back」 就像...例如在學校，假設有個小孩

or a student does very badly, the school will hold him or her back for a year; they will

或是有個學生，非常的壞，學校會讓他留級一年，讓他們

have to do the year over again. They've been held back.

必須重讀一年。他們被留級了。

"Hold down". "Hold down" is like, for... Like, for example, physically hold something down.

「Hold down」。「Hold down」就像是，例如：肢體上的壓制

Like if I want to fight and I'm on the ground, my friends will hold me down; they won't let

例如：我想要打架，但我在地上，我的朋友把我壓制在地上阻止我，他們不讓我

me stand back up to fight. "Hold down" also, when you're talking about food. Okay? So,

站起來再去打架。「Hold down」 也可以是，跟食物有關聯的。例如

I ate a lot of pizza and then got on a rollercoaster, like going up and down, and I just couldn't

我吃了很多披薩，然後我去玩雲霄飛車，像這樣上上下下

hold down my food; it all came up and out. I couldn't hold it down. We also say "hold

所以我把它們全吐出來了，我忍不住。我們可以把「hold down」

down" about a job. A person who can hold down a job will have a successful life because

用在形容工作上。一個可以守住工作的人，可以擁有一個不錯的人生，因為

he or she has money. So hold down a job means keep a job, be able to keep a job.

他能有足夠的錢。所以hold down一份工作，代表守住工作，有能力保住工作。

And last one: "hold to". Now, this is a little bit particular situations. Right? I'm going

最後一個，「hold to」。這可以用在特殊的情況下。我要

to hold you to your promise, means I'm going to make you keep your promise. So, you say:

你遵守你的承諾，也就是我要你說到做到。例如：

"Okay, I can't talk to you right now, but let's meet next week for a coffee". Say: "Okay,

「我現在沒辦法和你說話，但我約你下裡拜一起喝咖啡」

I'm going to hold you to that". It means: next week I'm going to call you and you're

「好，我答應你」。意思就是，下禮拜我會打給你，你要和我

going to meet me for a coffee. Okay?

一起見面喝杯咖啡。懂嗎？

So there you go again. "Hold" with 10 different prepositions. Lots of different meanings and

所以這就是「Hold」和10個不同介係詞的組合。有很多不同的解釋和

uses. But again, you need to practice this. Go to www.engvid.com. There's a quiz there

使用方法。但一樣，你需要多做練習。上我們www.engvid.com網站，有個小測驗

you can practice these phrasal verbs with. And come visit us again soon. Bye.

你可以練習使用這些片語。希望下次見囉，掰！