Name: 三分鐘到達地球中心 | BBC Ideas (Three minutes to the centre of the Earth | BBC Ideas)
Uploaded: 2025-07-21T18:30:01.000Z
Duration: 3 min 40 s

It's 6,371 kilometers to the center of the Earth.

Follow us down, we're going all the way to the heart of the planet.

跟我們下去，我們將一直到達地球的中心。

Our world is made of layers, a bit like an onion.

我們的世界層層疊疊，有點像洋蔥。

And as far as we know, life only exists in the first layer, the crust.

據我們所知，生命只存在於地殼的第一層。

In the crust, you'll find the burrows of animals, such as moles and badgers.

在地殼中，您會發現鼴鼠和獾等動物的洞穴。

The deepest are made by Nile crocodiles and can reach depths of 12 meters.

最深的是尼羅河鱷魚，水深可達 12 米。

The crust is also home to ancient underground cities, like El Angubu in Turkey, an elaborate labyrinth capable of housing 20,000 people, complete with schools and chapels.

地殼中還有古老的地下城，如土耳其的埃爾安古布，這是一座精緻的迷宮，可容納 2 萬人，並配有學校和教堂。

It is thought to have been built around 370 years BC.

據推測，它建於公元前 370 年左右。

The world's deepest mines can go down to around 4 kilometers.

世界上最深的礦井可達 4 公里左右。

South African gold miners have found worms 2 kilometers down, but all life stops before 3 kilometers.

南非的金礦開採者在地下 2 公里處發現了蠕蟲，但所有的生命在 3 公里處就停止了。

Then there's the deepest hole ever drilled, the Kola Superdeep Borehole in Russia.

俄羅斯的科拉超深鑽孔是迄今為止鑽探過的最深的鑽孔。

Some call it the gateway to hell, with locals claiming to hear the screams of tortured souls.

有人稱它為地獄之門，當地人聲稱能聽到受折磨靈魂的尖叫聲。

At around 30 to 50 kilometers depth, we reach the next layer, the mantle.

在大約 30 到 50 千米的深度，我們到達了下一層，即地幔。

It's made of hot rock, which appears solid to us, but actually flows very slowly, just a few centimeters a year.

它是由熱巖構成的，在我們看來是固體，但實際上流動非常緩慢，每年只有幾釐米。

These delicate shifts below can give rise to earthquakes above.

下面的這些微妙變化會引發上面的地震。

In the 1960s, a group of scientists attempted to drill into the earth's mantle.

20 世紀 60 年代，一群科學家試圖鑽探地幔。

Although unsuccessful, new efforts are afoot with a plan to drill deep below the Indian Ocean.

雖然沒有成功，但新的努力正在進行，計劃在印度洋深處進行鑽探。

As we descend, the increasing pressure means that atoms become warped, and even the most familiar materials behave bizarrely.

隨著我們的下降，不斷增加的壓力意味著原子變得扭曲，即使是最熟悉的材料也會出現奇異的行為。

Crystals change from green to blue to brown, and rock becomes as malleable as plastic. 2,900 kilometers down, we reach the bottom of the mantle.

晶體從綠色變成藍色，再變成棕色，岩石變得像塑膠一樣可塑。向下 2,900 公里，我們到達了地幔的底部。

Scientists aren't sure how they were formed or what they're made of.

科學家們並不清楚它們是如何形成的，也不知道它們是由什麼構成的。

They cradle the next layer, the outer core.

In Jules Verne's classic novel, Journey to the Center of the Earth, Professor Otto Leidenbrock encounters an entire underground world replete with prehistoric creatures and a subterranean ocean.

在儒勒-凡爾納的經典小說《地心遊記》中，奧托-萊登布洛克教授遇到了一個充滿史前生物和地下海洋的地下世界。

While the dinosaurs might have been a bit of a stretch, there is an ocean of sorts.

雖然恐龍可能有點誇張，但這裡確實有一片海洋。

But this one consists of flowing red-hot iron and nickel, a sunless sea with its own currents and jet streams.

但這個世界是由流動的燒紅的鐵和鎳組成的，是一個沒有陽光的海洋，有自己的洋流和噴射流。

This motion creates a magnetic field that protects the earth from dangerous solar rays.

這種運動會產生磁場，保護地球免受危險的太陽光的傷害。

The final layer is known as the inner core.

The pressure is so intense that the metals here have crystallized, forming a solid sphere at the very center of our planet.

壓力如此之大，以至於這裡的金屬已經結晶，在我們星球的正中心形成了一個堅固的球體。

In reality, our little vehicle would have been crushed and melted long ago.

實際上，我們的小車早就被壓扁融化了。

And as for our driver, I think she better head back to the surface.

至於我們的司機，我想她最好回到地面上去。

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