Name: 過度旅遊：如何做一個負責任的遊客 - 英國廣播公司世界服務播客《全球故事 (Overtourism: How to be a responsible tourist - The Global Story podcast, BBC World Service)
Uploaded: 2025-06-21T08:48:12.000Z
Duration: 17 min 13 s

to 不定詞

From the BBC World Service, this is The Global Story. 2024 is expected to be a record-breaking year for tourism, with more travellers going on holiday than ever before.

英國廣播公司世界頻道為您帶來《全球故事》。2024 年有望成為旅遊業創紀錄的一年，前往度假的遊客人數將超過以往任何時候。

Barcelona, Paris, Hawaii or Bali, they're all beautiful destinations that attract tourists from all over the world.

巴塞羅那、巴黎、夏威夷或巴厘島，它們都是美麗的旅遊勝地，吸引著來自世界各地的遊客。

But they are also struggling with over-tourism.

但它們也在與過度旅遊作鬥爭。

Too many visitors in one place can have a negative impact on those who live there, and it's also causing lasting environmental damage.

一個地方遊客太多，會對當地居民產生負面影響，也會對環境造成持久破壞。

So today we're asking how does this relentless rise in global tourism impact the people who actually live in these sought-after locations?

是以，今天我們要問的是，全球旅遊業的持續增長會對生活在這些熱門地區的人們產生什麼影響？

And with me today is seasoned BBC TV travelogue presenter, Rajan Dutta.

今天和我在一起的是經驗豐富的 BBC 電視遊記節目主持人拉詹-杜塔。

You have been travelling now, I think, Rajan, for 20 years or more.

拉詹，我想你已經旅行了 20 多年。

You could try calling me a lifelong Roma.

I think I prefer to say, because Roma implies that I'm just drifting, whereas I think I'm doing it for work.

我想我更願意說，因為羅馬意味著我只是在漂泊，而我認為我是為了工作。

Hello, and welcome to The Travel Show from Bruges in Belgium.

大家好，歡迎收看來自比利時布魯日的旅遊節目。

So Raj, 2024 is going to be a huge year for tourism.

是以，對於旅遊業來說，2024 年將是巨大的一年。

What kind of numbers are we talking about, though?

We are talking about $11.1 trillion contributed to the global economy by tourism, according to tourism trade body, the World Travel and Tourism Council.

據旅遊業貿易機構世界旅行和旅遊理事會稱，旅遊業為全球經濟貢獻了 11.1 萬億美元。

We're talking about an industry that is the third largest in the world.

我們談論的是一個世界第三大產業。

In total, 330 million people are employed in tourism.

And ultimately, we're talking about a billion and a half tourists.

最終，我們談論的是 15 億遊客。

It's maybe markets that people aren't expecting as well.

這或許也是人們沒有預料到的市場。

I mean, India, China, they're travelling extensively as well, saving up for these holidays of a lifetime.

我是說，印度、中國，他們也在到處旅行，為這些一生難忘的假期攢錢。

So the big change was in the early part of this century when the Chinese started exploring the That has now been overtaken by the Indian outbound market, which is incredible.

是以，本世紀初中國人開始探索印度市場時發生了巨大的變化，現在印度出境遊市場已經超越了中國，這令人難以置信。

We're talking about a population of 1.5 billion people, so that if even 0.5% of them travel or have the money to travel, that is still a huge number of people coming into the market, adding to, by the way, adding to what is already a huge market.

我們現在談論的是 15 億人口，是以，即使其中有 0.5% 的人去旅行或有錢去旅行，也會有大量的人進入市場，順便說一句，會給這個已經很龐大的市場添磚加瓦。

Was there a moment on a particular trip where you thought, I'm becoming really concerned about over-tourism?

在某次旅行中，你是否曾有過這樣的想法：我開始擔心過度旅遊的問題了？

Before the pandemic, tourism was reaching an all-time high then.

在大流行病之前，旅遊業曾達到歷史最高水準。

And there were murmurings, actually, and louder than that, from certain destinations that, hang on, we're being crushed here.

實際上，某些目的地還發出了雜音，而且比雜音更響亮，那就是，等等，我們在這裡被壓垮了。

We're being overwhelmed by the amount of tourists.

But I thought the pandemic also meant that people weren't travelling as much.

但我認為，大流行病也意味著人們不再經常旅行。

Straight afterwards, they had what they call revenge tourism.

之後，他們立即開展了所謂的復仇旅遊。

People, actually, quite a lot of people, certainly in the West, had saved up quite a lot of money during COVID.

實際上，很多人，當然是西方人，在 COVID 期間積攢了不少錢。

And there was this real suppressed feeling of, I need to get out.

我真的有一種被壓抑的感覺，我需要出去。

Because for a lot of people, tourism has become, travel has become, a virtual human right.

因為對很多人來說，旅遊已經成為一種虛擬的人權。

What are some of the cities, the destinations that you would say are being a bit crushed at the moment by too many people?

你認為目前有哪些城市、哪些目的地被太多的人擠垮了？

Barcelona is the one that I really had testimony of being there and seeing it change.

巴塞羅那是我真正親眼目睹其變化的地方。

Local people, and we did a story for the travel show that I work on, we did a story about locals complaining quite a long time ago.

當地人，我們為我工作的旅遊節目做過一個報道，很久以前我們做過一個關於當地人抱怨的報道。

這可能是 10 年、12 年或 15 年前的事了。

We did that story because it was brewing.

我們做這個故事是因為它正在醞釀之中。

In other words, they were more and more available for the holidaymaker, which pushed up prices, which marginalised...

換句話說，度假者有越來越多的選擇，從而推高了價格，使旅遊市場邊緣化。

If you're a young local person living in Barcelona, you can't find a place to rent.

如果你是住在巴塞羅那的在地年輕人，你找不到租住的地方。

And this is the common thread, by the way.

I mean, there's been these big protests in the Balearic Islands recently that has sort of dominated some of the headlines and really brought attention to this issue.

我的意思是，巴利阿里群島最近發生了一些大規模抗議活動，佔據了一些頭條新聞，確實引起了人們對這個問題的關注。

What are some of the challenges they're facing there?

Because that's an industry where they also need young people to work.

因為這個行業也需要年輕人來工作。

I think there was a story on the BBC website not too long ago about, for example, a chef who worked in a local hotel or restaurant who was forced, is forced, to sleep in his car.

我想不久前英國廣播公司（BBC）的網站上有過這樣一則報道：例如，一位在當地酒店或餐館工作的廚師被迫睡在自己的車裡。

I call it feeling like extras in your own movie.

我把這種感覺稱為 "自己電影裡的臨時演員"。

You know, it's not, it's suddenly a city that you love or an area that you love has completely taken over.

你知道，這並不是說，你所熱愛的城市或地區突然就被完全佔領了。

And obviously local customs get squashed because tourists want their thing.

顯然，當地的風俗習慣會因為遊客的需求而遭到破壞。

They think they want what they're used to, a nice latte.

他們認為他們想要的是他們習慣的東西，一杯美味的拿鐵咖啡。

Food-wise, probably, you know, there are some demanding tastes from tourists and if they can afford it, they'll, guess what, there'll be a restaurant for them there.

在飲食方面，遊客的口味可能比較挑剔，如果他們付得起錢，你猜怎麼著，那裡就會有適合他們的餐廳。

Sort of this notion of international good taste, isn't it, that exists everywhere now that can kind of muscle out things that are local.

現在到處都有國際品味的概念，不是嗎？

You had, I know, an amazing trip to Hallstatt.

我知道，你在哈爾施塔特度過了一段美妙的旅程。

這是一個小鎮，有 800 名居民。

我是說，這裡簡直就是明信片上的完美畫卷。

It's just beautiful. 800 residents and they have, during peak season, 10,000 guests a day.

這裡太美了。這裡有 800 戶居民，在旅遊旺季，每天有 1 萬名遊客。

Only 20% of people who live there actually work in tourism there.

在那裡生活的人中，只有 20% 的人真正從事旅遊業。

And so therefore they're not all directly benefiting.

是以，他們並不都是直接受益者。

There's one particular scenic spot where you can get such a perfect selfie with the lake in the background that the locals, or the mayor, in fact, tried to block it for a while.

有一處特別的風景區，您可以在那裡以湖泊為背景來一張完美的自拍照，以至於當地人，或者說市長，曾一度試圖封鎖這裡。

That policy, it's catching, that policy was taken up on Mount Fuji not so long ago.

不久前，在富士山上制定了這項政策。

在那裡，他們也做了同樣的事情。

They stopped people from taking pictures of Mount Fuji from just in front of a convenience store because it was, it was...

他們阻止人們在便利店前拍攝富士山，因為那是...

Our correspondent, Shaima Khalil, actually went there.

我們的記者 Shaima Khalil 實際上去了那裡。

You've probably seen this on your Instagram or TikTok.

你可能在 Instagram 或 TikTok 上見過這個。

This is the famous Mount Fuji loss and the social media money shot for millions of visitors.

這就是著名的富士山之行，也是數百萬遊客在社交媒體上的熱門話題。

But it's not going to be around for long.

Residents here in Fujikawa Guchiko are fed up with tourists behaving badly, all to get the perfect shot of the convenience store with the snow-capped volcano.

富士川口湖（Fujikawa Guchiko）的居民已經受夠了遊客的惡劣行徑，他們都是為了拍到便利店與白雪皚皚的火山的完美合影。

As a desperate measure, the local authorities are building a barrier to block the view.

無奈之下，當地政府正在修建一道屏障，阻擋視線。

You can get a picture of Mount Fuji from many places, but social media has become a big pull for this particular spot.

您可以從很多地方拍到富士山的照片，但社交媒體已成為這個特殊景點的一大吸引力。

Well, if I didn't have social media, I wouldn't come here.

如果沒有社交媒體，我也不會來這裡。

I wouldn't even know that it existed, this place.

我甚至不知道這個地方的存在。

So that's obviously been a big problem in Japan as well for people who live near Mount Fuji.

是以，對於住在富士山附近的日本人來說，這顯然也是一個大問題。

But in Hallstatt, how much of the money made in Hallstatt goes back into the community?

但在哈爾施塔特，有多少在哈爾施塔特賺到的錢又回到了社區？

Not very much money in some of these places stays in those places.

在這些地方，沒有多少錢能留在這些地方。

The local authorities will say, yes, we're reinvesting money that we get from parking, whatever, into local facilities and resources.

地方政府會說，是的，我們正在把從停車場等處獲得的資金重新投入到當地的設施和資源中。

但實際上，很多事情並非如此。

That's called leakage, by the way, where a lot of the money that is made in these tourist centres actually doesn't stay within the economy.

順便說一下，這就是所謂的 "漏損"，在這些旅遊中心賺到的很多錢實際上並沒有留在經濟體內。

Can I ask you about the environmental damage that is done to some of these places, like somewhere like Bali?

我可以問你一些地方的環境遭到破壞的情況嗎，比如像巴厘島這樣的地方？

There's really big issues around water scarcity.

In many destinations, water is a big issue.

在許多目的地，水是一個大問題。

字幕列表影片播放

過度旅遊：如何做一個負責任的遊客 - 英國廣播公司世界服務播客《全球故事 (Overtourism: How to be a responsible tourist - The Global Story podcast, BBC World Service)

sort

absolutely

pandemic

slightly