Name: 彼得-辛格我們準備好讓人工智能有意識了嗎？ (Peter Singer: Are we prepared for AI to become conscious?)
Uploaded: 2025-06-17T16:37:15.000Z
Duration: 4 min 28 s

to 不定詞

As we continue to develop AI, and particularly as we develop artificial general intelligence,

隨著我們不斷髮展人工智能，特別是發展人工通用智能、

未來簡單式

I think it's quite likely that at some point we will create a conscious being.

我認為，我們很有可能在某個時候創造出有意識的生物。

But, uh, I don't see any reason in principle why if we can have consciousness in a biological carbon-based life form, like I am, which has developed a brain and neurons, I don't see any in principle reason why you couldn't get something similar happening in something that isn't a carbon-based life form but is, um, made of of silicon chips.

但是，呃，我原則上看不出有什麼理由，如果我們能在碳基生物生命體中擁有意識，比如我，它已經形成了大腦和神經元，我原則上看不出有什麼理由，為什麼你不能在不是碳基生命體，而是由硅芯片組成的東西中，發生類似的事情。

And if we do that, we will have created an artificial conscious being.

如果我們這樣做了，我們就創造了一個人造的有意識的存在。

Of course, we've already created vast numbers of conscious beings.

當然，我們已經創造了大量有意識的生命。

We're creating animals, uh, all the time, um, and we vary them in their nature by breeding.

我們一直在創造動物，通過繁殖來改變它們的本性。

So it's not the first time we've created conscious beings, but it's the first time we've created, uh, an artificial conscious being.

是以，這不是我們第一次創造有意識的生物，但這是我們第一次創造人工有意識的生物。

Non-human conscious beings we've created who basically we have mostly exploited for our particular purposes.

我們創造的非人類有意識生物，基本上都是我們為了自己的特殊目的而利用的。

As using them for labor like horses and oxen.

就像使用馬和牛一樣使用它們進行勞動。

Um, or, uh, rearing them for food like, uh, cows and pigs and chickens.

嗯，或者，嗯，像飼養牛、豬和雞那樣飼養它們作為食物。

And, uh, fish now we're rearing in large numbers.

現在，我們正在大量飼養魚類。

But I'm hopeful that we will realize if we do create conscious AI, that, um, that conscious being has interests, an interest in not feeling pain, an interest in enjoying their life once you have consciousness, and it would be wrong to disregard the interests of that conscious being, um, and simply to treat it as another tool or another slave.

但我希望，如果我們真的創造了有意識的人工智能，我們就會意識到，嗯，有意識的生物是有利益的，他們有不感到痛苦的利益，有一旦擁有意識後享受生活的利益，而無視有意識生物的利益，嗯，僅僅把它當作另一個工具或另一個奴隸，是不對的。

Now, it's possible that we'll realize as we get close to creating this conscious being that, uh, we would then have to give it rights and would not be able to use it in some way.

現在，我們有可能意識到，當我們接近創造這個有意識的生命時，我們就必須賦予它權利，而不能以某種方式使用它。

And we might perhaps halt what we're doing at that point just below the level of consciousness, or maybe at a very dull level of consciousness where the AI is not really experiencing pleasure or pain because it's not capable of that, it's just got some sort of more neutral sort of bar state of consciousness if you like.

我們或許可以在意識水準之下，或者在一個非常遲鈍的意識水準上停止我們正在做的事情，在這個意識水準上，人工智能不會真正體驗到快樂或痛苦，因為它不具備這種能力，它只是擁有某種更加中性的意識狀態，如果你願意的話。

Uh, that's possible, and then maybe it wouldn't really have interests we have to worry about.

呃，這倒是有可能，那樣的話，也許它就不會有我們需要擔心的利益了。

But, um, I certainly think that if we did create beings that were more like non-human animals, we ought to treat them much better than we now treat non-human animals, and of course, I also think we ought to change the treatment of non-human animals in order to do that.

但是，嗯，我當然認為，如果我們真的創造了更像非人類動物的生命，我們應該比現在對待非人類動物更好地對待它們，當然，我也認為我們應該改變對待非人類動物的方式，以便做到這一點。

The question of of how we treat sentient AI is going to be one both for everybody as individuals, just as the question of how we treat animals is one for people as individuals, um, are we going to want to have a companion animal, a dog or a cat, um, and treat them well?

我們如何對待有知覺的人工智能，這個問題對每個人來說都是一個問題，就像我們如何對待動物，這個問題對每個人來說都是一個問題一樣，嗯，我們是否想要養一隻伴侶動物，一隻狗或一隻貓，嗯，並善待它們？

Are we going to buy products from factory farms, which means we're supporting cruelty, those are individual questions, but there are also national government policy issues.

我們是否要購買來自工廠化農場的產品，這意味著我們在支持殘忍的行為，這些都是個人問題，但也有國家政府的政策問題。

And just as I believe, um, governments should set standards for animal welfare, they should, uh, not permit the treatment of animals in the way they're now treated in in factory farms.

我認為，政府應該制定動物福利標準，不應該允許工廠化農場以現在的方式對待動物。

So I would think governments will need to set standards for, uh, the treatment of sentient conscious AI once we get to that point.

是以，我認為，一旦我們走到這一步，政府就需要制定對待有知覺、有意識的人工智能的標準。

And, uh, you know, it'll be a novel question, maybe they'll set up committees of experts, I can imagine committees which consist of people who are expert in the AI and in, uh, the nature of the AI.

而且，你知道，這將是一個新穎的問題，也許他們會成立專家委員會，我可以想象委員會由人工智能和人工智能性質方面的專家組成。

knowledgeable about consciousness itself in those sciences, neurosciences is relevant to that.

這些科學中關於意識本身的知識，神經科學與此相關。

But also to have, uh, philosophers along and, uh, uh, lawyers perhaps to help crafting policies and frameworks for this.

但同時也要讓哲學家和律師參與進來，也許能幫助制定相關政策和框架。

Um, so I I think it will be an interesting task for, uh, who knows when, maybe the the middle of the 21st century, uh, there might be committees doing this.

嗯，所以我認為這將是一項有趣的任務，嗯，誰知道什麼時候，也許在 21 世紀中葉，嗯，可能會有委員會來做這件事。

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