This one is on my favorite, the Karo-Khan defense.

這是我最喜歡的卡洛-汗防禦。

It's a very easy opening to learn to play with the black pieces.

這是一個非常容易學會下黑棋的開局。

It's against E4, the King's Pawn, which I will show you.

這是對 E4，國王的卒，我將向你展示。

And it's an opening that actually holds a dear place in my heart, because when I quit chess between the ages of 12 and 15, the thing that brought me back was a book by Lars Skendorf called Grandmaster Repertoire 7, the Karo-Khan.

事實上，這個開局在我心中佔據著重要的位置，因為當我在 12 到 15 歲之間放棄下棋時，是拉爾斯-斯肯多夫寫的一本書把我拉了回來，書名叫《大師匯演 7》，卡洛-汗。

And my first win over a master player rated 2200 was in the Karo-Khan.

我第一次戰勝等級分 2200 分的大師級棋手，是在卡洛-汗（Karo-Khan）。

So this video is split into this portion, which is the theory.

是以，這段視頻分為理論部分。

It's going to be about 15 minutes.

大約 15 分鐘。

All the moves are in the description for you to play around with.

所有的動作都在說明中，你可以隨意發揮。

And then I have two training games against my subscribers, and I have a Karo-Khan course on my website.

然後，我有兩場與訂閱者的訓練賽，我的網站上還有卡羅-汗課程。

Link is in the description.

鏈接在說明中。

E4, C6.

E4、C6。

If you want something besides E4, you've got to go to a different video.

如果你想看 E4 以外的視頻，就得去別的視頻網站。

Here we are learning E4, C6.

下面我們學習 E4、C6。

This is the Karo-Khan defense.

這就是卡洛-汗防禦。

This is not the Karo-Khan defense.

這不是卡洛-汗的辯護。

It's not just that you go here.

這不僅僅是你去了這裡。

E4, C6.

E4、C6。

And standard play looks like this.

標準玩法是這樣的

You build for the center with your C pawn, because if they take you, you want to take back like this in the center of the board.

你要用 C 兵在中央佈陣，因為如果他們吃掉你，你要在棋盤中央像這樣奪回來。

So, first we're going to look at the very standard two pawns in the center approach.

首先，我們來看看非常標準的兩兵居中法。

Then we are going to take a look at everything besides that.

然後，我們再看看除此之外的一切。

And then, you know, the other nonsense.

然後，你知道的，其他的廢話。

So, D4, D5.

那麼，D4、D5。

At this point, the way I want you to think about this is what does white do to the pawn in the middle?

此時，我想讓你思考的是，白棋如何處理中間的卒？

Do they take, push, or protect it?

他們是接受、推動還是保護？

We're going to begin with pushing, because this is what's played the most, because people don't want to take.

我們將從 "推 "開始，因為這是最容易被玩弄的，因為人們不願意接受。

They see that they can push and advance like this, and you can't play this traditional move, Nf6.

他們看到他們可以這樣推進，而你不能走傳統的 Nf6 這步棋。

So, against this pawn wedge, theory says that Bf2, f5 is the most successful move and the most common.

是以，理論上說，Bf2、f5 是最成功也是最常見的棋步。

To develop the bishop outside of the pawn chain and then play e6 like this, and then attack the center with c5.

在兵鏈外發展象，然後像這樣下 e6，然後用 c5 攻擊中央。

Now, this variation is great, but in my opinion, I think the more advanced folks should explore this.

現在，這種變化非常棒，但在我看來，我認為更高級的人應該對此進行探索。

I think that there is a far simpler approach for intermediate and beginner players, and I'm going to show it to you.

我認為，對於中級和初級演奏者來說，有一種簡單得多的方法，下面我就向大家介紹一下。

It's my main recommendation in my course, and I recommend it for a reason.

這是我在課程中的主要推薦，我推薦它是有原因的。

The reason I don't like this is because if you wait too long, you will be subjected to a bit of a space disadvantage, and if you don't know how to handle these positions, you'll get suffocated.

我不喜歡這樣做的原因是，如果你等得太久，就會在空間上吃虧，如果你不知道如何處理這些位置，就會被憋死。

So, I recommend that against the advanced variation, you fight with this move right away.

是以，我建議在對陣高級變化時，立即使用這步棋。

And the whole point is, you're trying to actually get them to take you.

重點是，你要想方設法讓他們接受你。

Why?

為什麼？

Because then you're going to develop your knight to c6.

因為這樣一來，你的馬就會發展到 c6。

So, the c-pawn moves a second time to dislodge the wedge in the center, you bring the knight out, and the second this knight gets to f3 to defend this pawn, you throw the bishop out there to pin it.

是以，c兵第二次移動，移開中間的楔子，你就把馬帶出來，而當馬到達f3防守這顆兵時，你就把主教扔出去夾住它。

Sometimes, the bishop will go to f5, but most times, you're going to wait for this move and then play this.

有時，主教會走到 f5，但大多數情況下，你要等待這步棋，然後下這步棋。

This is how I like to play this position with black, and let me just show you what this can look like.

這是我喜歡的黑棋下法，讓我給大家演示一下。

You will slowly maximize the pressure on these two pawns, and then try to take both of them.

你要慢慢地對這兩個棋子施加最大的壓力，然後嘗試吃掉這兩個棋子。

So, your next move, once you get the bishop out of this area, is going to be to play something like e6, because now your bishop is not locked in anymore, okay?

所以，一旦你把主教帶出這一區域，你的下一步棋就是下 e6 這樣的棋，因為現在你的主教不再被鎖住了，明白嗎？

Then you're going to take this pawn back.

那你就把這顆棋子拿回去。

If it gets defended, your knight loves to go to f5.

如果它被防守住，你的馬就會喜歡去 f5。

It cannot go to f6, so it likes to go to e7, and then after something like this, to f5.

它不能轉到 f6，所以喜歡轉到 e7，然後像這樣轉到 f5。

Now, if you're confused what's going on with this bishop, if this bishop ever gets attacked, that's a waste of time, because you're going to take, and then this has no defense anymore.

現在，如果你搞不清楚這個主教是怎麼回事，如果這個主教受到攻擊，那就是浪費時間，因為你要採取，然後這就沒有防禦了。

You just wait a little bit.

你只需稍等片刻。

The most tricky thing in this opening is when to take that e5 pawn, because I don't want you to weaken your king so much.

在這個開局中，最棘手的是何時吃掉 e5 這顆兵，因為我不想讓你過分削弱你的王。

There can be, like, worst-case scenarios where you accidentally— let me just show you just a really funny example— leave this whole diagonal open, and get hit with this, and lose, because now you have to block with the queen, and that's bye-bye.

最糟糕的情況是，你不小心--讓我給你舉個非常有趣的例子--讓整個對角線空著，然後被這個棋子打中，然後就輸了，因為現在你必須用皇后擋住，那就拜拜了。

So, that can happen.

所以，這種情況是有可能發生的。

You need to stay patient with c5 and when they take you, right?

你需要對 C5 保持耐心，等他們把你帶走，對嗎？

Stay patient, jump the knight out, get this bishop to pin.

保持耐心，把馬跳出來，把象夾住。

Now, if they play something like bishop to f4, you might need to go back to plan B of bishop f5 and e6, because if you block in your bishop, that will just be a little bit tragic, although it's actually not that bad.

現在，如果他們下象到 f4 這樣的棋，你可能需要回到象 f5 和 e6 的 B 計劃，因為如果你擋住了你的象，那就有點悲劇了，儘管實際上並沒有那麼糟糕。

Believe it or not, in this position, you actually can play this move.

信不信由你，在這種局面下，你確實可以下這步棋。

Your bishop will just need to deal with problems later.

您的主教只需稍後處理問題即可。

Now, I only looked at captures, by the way.

順便說一下，我只看了捕獲量。

If they go here, same game plan.

如果他們來這裡，同樣的遊戲計劃。

That's the beauty.

這就是美。

Same game plan.

同樣的遊戲計劃。

Knight c6, you wait for the knight, you pin it, and then at some point, you're ready, right?

騎士 c6，你等著騎士，你夾住它，然後在某個時刻，你準備好了，對嗎？

c9 e7, or you can take, take, take, take, and you go for that pawn.

c9 e7，或者你可以吃掉、吃掉、吃掉、吃掉，然後去吃掉那個兵。

After you take the knight, and you take the pawn, this knight pressures the center.

在你吃掉馬和卒之後，這個馬就會向中央施壓。

You need to go move-by-move, obviously, whether they've taken you or not, whether they've defended their pawn in the center, but this move, c5, in my opinion, forces the issue so quickly, and really fights on the pawn structure, makes white really, really have to defend these pawns, which intermediate players are not very good at.

很明顯，你需要一步一步地走，看他們是否吃掉了你，是否防守住了中央的兵，但在我看來，c5這步棋如此迅速地逼出了問題，並且真正地與兵的結構對抗，讓白棋真的真的必須防守這些兵，而中級棋手並不擅長防守。

They're not very good at making controlling opening moves.

他們不善於控制開局。

They're going to lose both pawns.

他們將失去兩顆棋子。

You're going to have a lot of games you win both those pawns.

在很多比賽中，你都能同時贏下這兩個棋子。

Just be careful of that diagonal check, and try to follow those rules.

小心對角線檢查，儘量遵守這些規則。

Obviously, there is more in-depth theory here.

顯然，這裡還有更深入的理論。

I don't go into that in excruciating detail, because I want to show you a brief 15-minute summary.

我不會詳述這些，因為我只想向你們展示一個 15 分鐘的簡短摘要。

You, the more advanced players, can go take a look at opening databases, use the engine, not during the games.

你們，更高級的棋手，可以去看看開局數據庫，使用引擎，而不是在比賽中。

Anyway, that's a little bit about the advanced variation.

總之，這就是關於高級變體的一點介紹。

Other variation, exchange variation.

其他變化，交換變化。

Exchange variation can happen after d4 or whenever.

交換變化可以發生在 d4 之後或任何時候。

Like, this is also the exchange variation.

比如，這也是交換的變化。

The point is, they play e takes d5.

關鍵是，他們的下法是 e 吃 d5。

They take your pawn.

他們拿走了你的棋子。

Great.

好極了

You take back, let me just, we can look at it with both pawns in the center.

你拿回去，讓我看看，我們可以把兩個棋子都放在中間。

You have multiple game plans here.

你在這裡有多個遊戲計劃。

The simplest game plan, by far, get your knights out, and actually move them first, because you know they're going to go there.

到目前為止，最簡單的遊戲計劃就是讓你的騎士出來，並先實際移動他們，因為你知道他們會去那裡。

Knight-knight, easy.

騎士騎士，簡單

And then, move the bishop out before you block it in with your e-pawn, and then move your dark-squared bishop.

然後，在用 e 兵阻擋之前將象移出，再移動暗方象。

Super simple game plan.

超級簡單的遊戲計劃

Knight f3, knight c6, knight f6, bishop.

騎士 f3、騎士 c6、騎士 f6、主教。

Oh, sorry, two moves in a row by me by accident. e6, bishop d6.

e6，象 d6。

Super simple.

超級簡單。

However, you have multiple approaches.

不過，你們有多種方法。

The exchange variation for white, when they take on d5, is only considered, according to theory, the exchange variation when they put the bishop to d3.

根據理論，白棋在吃掉 d5 時的交換變化只被認為是將象放到 d3 時的交換變化。

There is a little sub-variation here when they actually attack your pawn with this pawn, because they're actually trying to, you know, dislodge you.

當他們用這顆棋子攻擊你的棋子時，這裡有一個小的次變體，因為他們實際上是想，你知道，把你趕走。

This is known as the pan-off.

這就是所謂的平移。

It's not known as the exchange, although they have taken your pawn.

這不叫交換，雖然他們已經拿走了你的棋子。

They have exchanged your pawn.

他們交換了你的棋子。

There is this pan-off variation.

這就是平移的變化。

And by the way, you can employ much of the similar game plan here.

順便說一句，你也可以在這裡採用類似的遊戲計劃。

But because this is very demanding on your center, what you can do is actually develop and defend it first, because you don't want to help white develop.

但由於這對你的中鋒要求很高，你能做的實際上是先發展和防守，因為你不想幫助白棋發展。

You don't need to help white develop here.

在這裡，你不需要幫助白人發展。

You want to try to solidify your center as much as possible, so you're always taking with a pawn.

你要儘可能地穩固你的中心，所以你總是要吃掉一個兵。

You control in the center with a pawn.

你在中央控制一個小兵。

But there's actually alternatives.

但其實還有其他選擇。

One of my favorite things to do in the exchange variation and in the pan-off is to actually fianchetto my bishop to g7.

在交換變例和盤中對局中，我最喜歡做的事情之一就是把我的象竄到 g7。

There's actually some variations where white gets to take this pawn for free, but because you get such quick development, again, just like in the advanced variation, these pawns kind of suck.

實際上在一些變例中，白棋可以免費吃掉這顆兵，但由於白棋的發展速度很快，就像在高級變例中一樣，這些兵有點糟糕。

They don't do anything.

他們什麼也不做。

And besides the fact that we're playing a main line that grandmasters play, which you're probably not going to get all the time, these pawns can be won very quickly.

除了我們下的是特級大師下的主線（你可能不會一直下到這一步）外，這些棋子還能很快取勝。

You can use flank pawn pushes to deflect your opponent's queen and knight.

您可以使用側翼兵推來抵擋對手的後和馬。

But more than anything else, what I want you to think about here is you have options.

但更重要的是，我想讓你們思考的是，你們還有選擇。

You can play this in a fianchetto style like this, the exchange variation, and then develop your pieces accordingly, and your pressure on the queen side might pay off in the future by taking and then having an isolated pawn.

您可以像這樣以交換變例的fianchetto風格下棋，然後相應地發展您的棋子，您對皇后一方的壓力可能會在將來得到回報，因為您可以吃掉然後擁有一個孤立的兵。

But remember, this is the pan-off.

但請記住，這是泛泛而談。

The exchange variation does not have c4, so you can get a very similar-looking position and here either develop standard or, as Gotham said, fianchetto, right?

交換變例中沒有c4，所以你可以得到一個看起來非常相似的局面，在這裡要麼發展標準局面，要麼就像哥譚說的那樣，發展fianchetto，對嗎？

You have two options here.

您有兩種選擇。

There's even some more, but this is the very easy thing to do when they exchange your pawn.

甚至還有更多，但當他們交換你的棋子時，這是非常容易做到的事情。

And the last thing that you need to worry about in the Caro-Kann defense is what if they leave this here?

在卡羅-坎恩的辯護中，你需要擔心的最後一件事是，如果他們把這個留在這裡怎麼辦？

If they leave it here and it's free, like this, I don't know.

如果他們把它留在這裡，像這樣免費，我就不知道了。

Take it, develop your pieces, don't block in your bishop, play normal chess.

吃掉它，發展你的棋子，不要擋住你的象，正常下棋。

There are two ways that they can defend this normally.

正常情況下，他們有兩種辯護方式。

Number one is with this knight.

第一位是這位騎士

Number two is the fantasy variation with the f-pawn.

第二種是使用 F 兵的幻想變化。

The fantasy variation scores very well against the Caro-Kann.

幻想變體在與卡羅-坎的對抗中表現出色。

The knight, d2 or knight c3, doesn't really matter.

騎士是 d2 還是 c3，其實並不重要。

You're going to take.

你要帶

I do not recommend taking against the fantasy because this will allow white to have a big fat center.

我不建議採取反對幻想的下法，因為這樣會讓白棋有一個很大的中心。

There's no need to allow white to get everything they want.

沒有必要讓白人得到他們想要的一切。

You should be confrontational.

你應該針鋒相對。

You shouldn't be a pushover.

你不應該是個懦夫。

In this case, it doesn't matter that the knight is here because it's not really scaring anybody.

在這種情況下，騎士在這裡並不重要，因為它並沒有真正嚇到任何人。

So you both have lost the center pawn.

所以你們都失去了中間的兵。

There are two approaches as far as I'm concerned in the classical variation.

在我看來，經典變體有兩種方法。

When they defend the pawn with the knight, it's known as the classical.

當他們用馬防守卒時，這被稱為經典。

In this position, knight f6 or bishop to f5 immediately challenging that knight makes sense.

在這個局面中，馬f6或象到f5立即挑戰馬是合理的。

There is also something known as the Carpa variation which intends to attack the knight with the knight but defend with the knight as well.

還有一種被稱為 "卡帕變例 "的變化，即用馬進攻，但也用馬防守。

So essentially what this looks like is you want to do this.

是以，從根本上說，這就是你想要做的事情。

Whereas if you just attack with a knight right away, you need to double your pawns.

而如果馬上用馬進攻，則需要加倍兵力。

I actually think this variation immediately attacking with the knight is super simple to play and what I'm about to show you I guarantee will happen in one of your games.

實際上，我認為這種立即用馬進攻的變化下起來超級簡單，而且我接下來要向你展示的內容保證會在你的對局中出現。

Of course, if they don't take you, you have to develop normally.

當然，如果他們不接受你，你也必須正常發展。

There's really not too much we can do here.

我們能做的真的不多。

You're going to have to develop bishop knight, maybe here utilize an e or c pawn break to open your position in the future, develop, develop castle.

你必須發展主教騎士，也許在這裡可以利用 E 或 C 兵的突破來打開你未來的局面，發展，發展城堡。

But if they take you, I like to take with the e pawn and now the game plan is very simple.

但如果他們吃掉你，我喜歡用 E 兵吃掉，現在遊戲計劃非常簡單。

Bishop out, castle.

主教出來了，城堡

Okay, so bishop out.

好了，主教出來了

Now in this position, maybe don't castle because you'll hang mate like Magnus Carlsen did in a bullet game.

現在在這種局面下，也許不要下城堡，因為你會像馬格努斯-卡爾森（Magnus Carlsen）在子彈局中那樣掛掉隊友。

But obviously if they do that, you'll attack their queen and then castle.

但很明顯，如果他們這樣做，你就會攻擊他們的皇后，然後攻打城堡。

But after you get this, these pieces will move as follows.

但是，拿到這個之後，這些棋子就會按如下方式移動。

Slide the rook over to fight for the e file.

將車滑過去爭奪 e 子。

Okay, the knight slides where the rook was.

好了，騎士滑到了車的位置。

You actually transfer the knight over to the king side and you're very solid.

實際上，你把騎士轉移到國王這邊，就會非常穩固。

Plus when the knight is on f8, it will constantly defend h7 from where you will never be checkmated.

此外，當騎士位於 f8 時，它將不斷防守 h7，在那裡你永遠不會被吃掉。

And then I have had students get games that look like this.

然後，我還讓學生們玩過這樣的遊戲。

So let's say you develop your bishops, right?

比方說，你培養你的主教，對嗎？

Let's say like something like this.

比方說

And white just plays this.

白棋就這樣下。

Very lazy move.

非常懶惰的舉動。

You can set up a bishop queen cannon to h3 and actually sacrifice.

您可以在 h3 設置一個象後炮，並實際犧牲。

I've had students win games like this over the years, you know, because they get their queen here now with this bishop.