Or perhaps they appear more like strands and cobwebs that look like this?

或者，它們看起來更像是這樣的蛛絲和蜘蛛網？

Well, if so, then there's a good chance that what you are seeing are eye floaters.

好吧，如果是這樣，那麼你看到的很有可能是眼球漂浮物。

Eye floaters are actually a very common thing to experience, especially as we get older, but they can also be a major warning sign that something more serious is going on with the eye.

眼睛浮腫其實是一種很常見的現象，尤其是隨著年齡的增長，但它也可能是一個重要的警告信號，表明眼睛出現了更嚴重的問題。

So in today's video, we're going to break down what causes eye floaters and when you need to worry and call your eye doctor as soon as possible.

是以，在今天的視頻中，我們將分析眼球漂浮的原因，以及何時需要擔心並儘快致電眼科醫生。

But first, what are eye floaters?

但首先，什麼是眼球漂浮物？

Technically there are several different types of eye floaters, but the most common one that people see and experience are those of vitreous floaters.

從技術上講，眼球漂浮物有幾種不同的類型，但最常見的是玻璃體漂浮物。

Vitreous floaters are small clumps and strands of collagen proteins that get stuck and suspended in the gel-like structure in the back of the eye called the vitreous humor.

玻璃體漂浮物是膠原蛋白的小團塊和小股，它們粘附並懸浮在眼球后部名為玻璃體的凝膠狀結構中。

And when you are ever in a bright environment, such as going outside or maybe staring at a bright lit computer screen, that light will cause your pupils to constrict and then that light will cast a shadow of those collagen proteins onto the retina in the back of the eye and then you experience these floaters.

當你處於明亮的環境中時，比如外出或盯著明亮的電腦屏幕，光線會使你的瞳孔收縮，然後光線會將這些膠原蛋白的陰影投射到眼球后部的視網膜上，然後你就會出現這些浮游物。

Again, these types of floaters become more common as we get older, just like the collagen in our skin begins to change with age, so does the collagen within the eye.

就像皮膚中的膠原蛋白會隨著年齡的增長而發生變化一樣，眼球中的膠原蛋白也會隨著年齡的增長而發生變化。

But some people can develop eye floaters much earlier.

但有些人會更早出現眼球浮腫。

Usually people who are nearsighted like myself or people who have had some form of eye surgery such as cataract surgery for example.

通常是像我這樣近視的人，或者做過某種形式的眼部手術（比如白內障手術）的人。

Now if you're seeing just a few of these drifting spots and strands in your vision moving around, yeah they can be annoying but thankfully they are usually not a major health concern and no reason to call your eye doctor right away.

如果你看到的只是一些在視線中移動的漂移斑點和條紋，那麼它們可能會讓你感到惱火，但值得慶幸的是，它們通常不會對健康造成大的影響，也沒有必要馬上給眼科醫生打電話。

However, there is a time when seeing new floaters can be way more serious.

然而，當看到新的漂浮物時，情況可能會更加嚴重。

So when should you contact a doctor about seeing new eye floaters?

那麼，如果發現新的眼球漂浮物，應該何時聯繫醫生？

Well when the gel inside the eye begins to degrade, the outer layer of the collagen called the vitreous cortex begins to peel away from the back of the eye, something that we call a posterior vitreous detachment or a PVD.

當眼球內的凝膠開始降解時，外層的膠原蛋白（稱為玻璃體皮質）就會開始從眼球后部剝離，我們稱之為玻璃體後脫離或 PVD。

And thankfully this usually occurs without any real consequence except a lot of people report seeing a very large floater suddenly appear in their vision.

值得慶幸的是，這種情況通常不會造成任何實際後果，只是很多人報告說，他們會看到視野中突然出現一個很大的漂浮物。

But what can occasionally happen is that as the gel peels away from the back of the eye, it can occasionally pull or tug on the retinal tissue, which some people experience as kind of a bright flash of light off to one side of their vision.

但偶爾會發生的情況是，當凝膠從眼球后部剝離時，偶爾會拉扯視網膜組織，有些人會感覺視線的一側有亮光閃過。

But as it pulls and tugs, there's a chance it can create a tear or a retinal hole in the back of the eye, where fluid can then get through that hole and start lifting the retina off the back, which we call a retinal detachment.

但在拉扯過程中，有可能會在眼球后部造成撕裂或視網膜孔洞，液體會通過孔洞進入視網膜，並開始將視網膜從後部掀起，我們稱之為視網膜脫離。

Retinal detachments are considered a medical emergency because if they progress or if left untreated, they can result in permanent vision loss and blindness.

視網膜脫離被認為是一種醫療急症，因為如果惡化或不及時治療，會導致永久性視力喪失和失明。

Now the symptoms of a retinal tear or detachment usually come on quite quickly, and here's what to look for.

視網膜撕裂或脫落的症狀通常很快就會出現，以下是需要注意的事項。

First is any new or sudden onset of floaters, like all of a sudden you see 20 new floaters in your vision, especially if they're accompanied by any flashes of light that I mentioned.

首先是任何新的或突然出現的漂浮物，比如你突然在視線中看到 20 個新的漂浮物，尤其是如果它們伴隨著我提到的任何閃光。

And you see any amounts of dark shadows or new kind of curtains coming down to the sides of your vision or even just directly in front of you.

你會看到任何數量的黑影或新的幕布出現在你視野的兩側，甚至就在你的正前方。

If you're having any of these symptoms, then it's super important to call your eye doctor as soon as possible, even if it's just to get them checked out and make sure everything's okay.

如果您有上述任何症狀，那麼儘快給眼科醫生打電話是非常重要的，哪怕只是去檢查一下，確保一切正常。

Now if a hole or a tear has formed, then your doctor will likely refer you to see a retina specialist, who can sometimes use a laser to zap and kind of tack down or scar over any of the holes or tears that have formed in order to prevent a retinal detachment.

如果視網膜上已經形成了孔洞或撕裂，醫生可能會讓你去看視網膜專科醫生，有時專科醫生會用脈衝光把已經形成的孔洞或撕裂粘住或留下疤痕，以防止視網膜脫離。

If a retinal detachment has started to form, then that retina surgeon will likely have to schedule you for a more invasive procedure to try and repair or again, prevent the progression of that detachment.

如果視網膜脫落已經開始形成，那麼視網膜外科醫生很可能會為您安排一個更具侵入性的手術，以嘗試修復或再次防止脫落的發展。

Thankfully, our retina surgeons are extremely well trained and very good at what they do, but still, the sooner it gets diagnosed and scheduled for surgery, then the better the outcomes.

值得慶幸的是，我們的視網膜外科醫生訓練有素，醫術精湛，但儘管如此，越早確診並安排手術，效果就越好。

Now again, there are different types of eye floaters out there or things that can cause these floating spots in your vision.

同樣，眼球漂浮物也有不同的類型，或者說有哪些因素會導致你的視線中出現這些漂浮點。

Some of the more serious of which are eye infections, eye injuries, or uveitis, which is a severe form of inflammation inside of the eye.

其中比較嚴重的是眼部感染、眼部受傷或葡萄膜炎，這是一種嚴重的眼內發炎。

But usually these occur alongside redness or pain of the eye.

但這些症狀通常與眼睛發紅或疼痛同時出現。

And I think most people, if you're having any redness or pain of the eye, no, call your eye doctor and get that checked out.

我想大多數人都知道，如果眼睛發紅或疼痛，就應該找眼科醫生檢查一下。

However, there are some times when eye floaters can actually be bleeding inside of the eye.

不過，有時眼球漂浮物實際上可能是眼球內部出血。

And this usually doesn't occur with any pain or redness necessarily.

而且這種情況通常不會伴有疼痛或發紅。

And people who are at highest risk of bleeding inside the eye are actually people who are diabetic.

而眼底出血風險最高的人群其實是糖尿病患者。

So I think if you are experiencing any new floaters, your eyes are red, they're painful, or you know you're at higher risk, such as being diabetic, then I think it's also a safe bet to call your eye doctor and get things checked.

是以，我認為，如果您有任何新的漂浮物，眼睛發紅、疼痛，或者您知道自己有更高的風險，比如糖尿病，那麼我認為打電話給眼科醫生進行檢查也是一個安全的選擇。

Now, hopefully you are not experiencing any of these emergent symptoms, but if you are seeing your floaters and find them super annoying, then if you want to know how to reduce them or to treat them, then check out this video coming up right over here to the side, where we go over the various current treatments that may be available, as well as some different treatments that are in the research.

現在，希望您沒有出現任何這些突發症狀，但如果您看到了浮游物，並覺得它們超級煩人，那麼如果您想知道如何減少它們或治療它們，那麼請查看這段視頻，在這裡我們會介紹目前可能可用的各種治療方法，以及一些正在研究中的不同治療方法。

Otherwise, Dr. Alan here, keep an eye on it and we'll see you in that next video.

否則，艾倫博士請繼續關注，我們下期視頻再見。