Name: OD4 U11 瞭解病毒 (OD4 U11 Understand Viruses)
Uploaded: 2025-02-16T11:33:08.000Z
Duration: 4 min 17 s

情態助動詞 B1

Page 110 Read Understanding Viruses with Max Axiom Super Scientist Viruses may be small, but they can cause many kinds of diseases and illnesses in the human body.

第 110 頁 閱讀《與 Max Axiom 超級科學家一起認識病毒》 病毒雖小，卻能在人體內引發多種疾病。

Today, Super Scientist Max Axiom hopes to get a better understanding of these fascinating tiny visitors.

今天，超級科學家 Max Axiom 希望能更好地瞭解這些迷人的小訪客。

They're so small that you can't see them with a regular microscope.

它們非常小，用普通顯微鏡根本看不到。

You need a powerful electron microscope like this one to see them.

要看到它們，需要像這樣功能強大的電子顯微鏡。

Here's a virus that causes the common cold.

這是一種導致普通感冒的病毒。

Viruses cause many diseases in plants, animals, and people.

病毒會導致植物、動物和人類患上多種疾病。

I'll shrink down to their size to take a closer look.

我會縮小到它們的大小，仔細觀察。

I'll need to get smaller than cells and bacteria for a good view of viruses.

我需要比細胞和細菌更小的空間來觀察病毒。

Just like bacteria, viruses come in many different shapes, like balls, bullets, and rods.

就像細菌一樣，病毒也有許多不同的形狀，如球、子彈和棒。

This is polio, a virus that can paralyze people it infects.

這就是小兒麻痺症，一種能使感染者癱瘓的病毒。

Here's the influenza virus, which causes the flu.

Thank goodness the body has an immune system to fight viruses.

幸好人體有抵抗病毒的免疫系統。

Let's look at how our bodies defend themselves.

讓我們來看看我們的身體是如何自我保護的。

Its top layer is made of dead cells, so viruses can't find live cells to infect.

它的表層由死細胞組成，是以病毒無法找到活細胞進行感染。

But if you have a cut or scrape, viruses may get in.

但如果有傷口或擦傷，病毒就可能侵入。

They can infect the live cells underneath your skin.

Your body fights viruses in other ways as well.

人體還能通過其他方式抵抗病毒。

When you breathe in viruses, some of them get trapped in your nose hairs.

當你吸入病毒時，一些病毒會被困在你的鼻毛中。

Some of the viruses that make it past the hairs get trapped in a slimy fluid called mucus.

一些能穿過毛髮的病毒會被困在一種叫做粘液的粘稠液體中。

Mucus carries the viruses to the back of the throat, where they are swallowed.

粘液會把病毒帶到喉嚨後部，然後吞嚥下去。

When the viruses reach your stomach, they're usually destroyed by stomach acids.

病毒到達胃部後，通常會被胃酸破壞。

But sometimes, a few viruses get past these first defenses.

但有時，也會有少數病毒突破這些第一道防線。

But our bodies have yet another defense against viruses.

但是，我們的身體還有另一種抵禦病毒的方法。

Let's enter the bloodstream for a closer look at a cell under attack.

讓我們進入血液，近距離觀察受到攻擊的細胞。

We fight back with white blood cells in our bloodstream.

我們用血液中的白細胞進行反擊。

When our cells are under attack, white blood cells come to their aid.

當我們的細胞受到攻擊時，白細胞會伸出援手。

White blood cells can kill the virus or the infected cell.

白細胞可以殺死病毒或受感染的細胞。

At one time, people knew very little about viruses.

Thanks to scientists like Max Axiom, humans can know much more about these viruses and how to stay healthy when they attack.

多虧了像 Max Axiom 這樣的科學家，人類才能對這些病毒有更多的瞭解，並知道如何在病毒侵襲時保持健康。