Storytelling is one of the most powerful tools to hook your listeners and keep them glued to every word you say.

講故事是吸引聽眾的最有力工具之一，能讓他們牢牢記住你說的每一個字。

But hey, a lot of the advice that is out there may sound way too complicated.

但是，很多建議聽起來都太複雜了。

But the truth is, storytelling is actually pretty simple if you know what really matters.

但事實上，如果你知道什麼才是真正重要的，講故事其實很簡單。

If you just give me 9 minutes, you'll discover the 5 storytelling techniques to tell insanely good stories.

只要給我 9 分鐘時間，你就會發現講好故事的 5 個技巧。

But before we do that, let me show you a quick example by John Krasinski, whom you might know from The Office.

但在此之前，我先給大家看一個約翰-克拉辛斯基（John Krasinski）的例子。

It's a 20 second story, so really short, but it's so powerful.

這只是一個 20 秒鐘的故事，非常短，但卻非常震撼。

By the end of today, you'll know exactly how to tell stories just like him.

今天結束後，你就會知道如何像他一樣講故事了。

Did you notice what he did there?

你注意到他做了什麼嗎？

He didn't just summarize the events.

他不僅僅是對事件進行了總結。

He didn't say, oh yeah, back then I was at customs and the agent asked me what I was doing and I responded I was an actor and he was very surprised.

他沒有說，哦，是的，當時我在海關，工作人員問我在做什麼，我回答說我是演員，他非常驚訝。

He doesn't do that.

他沒有那麼做。

He doesn't summarize the events.

他沒有對事件進行總結。

Instead, he zoomed into the moment of the story.

相反，他放大了故事的瞬間。

The best stories don't just summarize events.

最好的故事不僅僅是對事件的總結。

They don't stay at that helicopter level.

它們不會停留在直升機的高度。

They zoom into the moment.

他們放大了瞬間。

They take us into the trenches.

他們把我們帶入戰壕。

They let us be part of that physical moment.

它們讓我們成為那一物理時刻的一部分。

The good thing is, it's not that difficult.

好在這並不難。

I'm now going to show you 5 techniques that you can use in all of your stories.

現在，我將向你展示 5 種技巧，你可以在所有故事中使用它們。

First technique, location.

第一項技術是定位。

Stay where you are.

留在原地

The best stories start by stating the location.

最好的故事一開始就說明地點。

Where are you physically?

你的身體狀況如何？

Examples, two weeks ago, I'm sitting on my couch in my living room, taking a deep breath.

例如，兩週前，我坐在客廳的沙發上深呼吸。

Or September 2019, I'm standing in front of the conference room, ready to walk inside.

還是 2019 年 9 月，我站在會議室門口，準備走進去。

Now, why does it matter to state the location?

現在，為什麼要說明地點呢？

Because the second you say conference room or living room, your audience will start to visualize it.

因為你一說會議室或客廳，聽眾就會開始想象。

They're like, oh yes, I know a conference room.

他們會說，哦，是的，我知道會議室。

And they start to visualize their version of that conference room.

他們開始想象自己版本的會議室。

Now, beginner storytellers, they often do the mistake that they give too many details.

現在，初學講故事的人經常會犯一個錯誤，那就是講太多細節。

They're like, oh, in that conference room, there was a big table, a television and a wooden floor.

他們會說，哦，在那個會議室裡，有一張大桌子、一臺電視和一塊木地板。

Don't do that.

別這麼做

Don't do that.

別這麼做

It doesn't matter.

沒關係。

Just state the location.

只需說明地點即可。

As long as they can visualize it, it doesn't matter all the details.

只要他們能想象出來，細節並不重要。

They have their own version of that location.

他們有自己版本的地點。

Second technique, actions.

第二招，行動。

What are you doing in that specific moment of the story?

在故事的那個特定時刻，你在做什麼？

Instead of giving way too much context about all the random stuff that doesn't matter, just say, what are you doing in that specific moment?

與其過多地介紹那些無關緊要的亂七八糟的東西，不如直接說，在那個特定的時刻，你在做什麼？

That can be walking, biking, shouting, reading, waiting, whatever it is.

這可以是走路、騎車、吶喊、閱讀、等待，不管是什麼。

Just state the actions, state the verbs.

只需陳述動作，陳述動詞。

Examples, I'm in my office, I open my laptop and start reading a message by my manager.

例如，我在辦公室裡打開筆記本電腦，開始閱讀我的經理髮來的資訊。

Or two weeks ago, I'm at the airport waiting in line at security.

兩週前，我在機場排隊等候安檢。

Why does it matter to state the actions?

為什麼要說明行動？

Because it brings in forward momentum.

因為它能帶來前進的動力。

It takes the listener right into the moment.

它將聽眾帶入那一刻。

When you do that, your audience will immediately know that you won't waste their time.

當你這樣做時，你的閱聽人就會立刻知道你不會浪費他們的時間。

You're straight away taking them to the most important part of the story.

你直接把他們帶到了故事最重要的部分。

Third technique, thoughts.

第三招，思想。

What are you thinking?

你在想什麼？

We as humans have thousands and thousands of thoughts every single day.

作為人類，我們每天都有成千上萬個想法。

A lot of those thoughts are hopes, dreams, plans, fears, worries, crazy thoughts.

這些想法中有很多是希望、夢想、計劃、恐懼、擔憂、瘋狂的想法。

Share some of those thoughts of that crucial moment of the story.

分享你在故事關鍵時刻的一些想法。

Example, instead of saying, I was excited to meet my crush, say, I thought, ah, this will be so about that presentation.

例如，不要說 "我很興奮能見到我的暗戀對象"，而是說 "我想，啊，這次演講一定會是這樣的"。

Say, I thought, oh man, this is bad, right?

我想，天哪，這下糟了，對吧？

Everyone will think now I'm stupid.

每個人都會覺得我現在很蠢。

I can never go back there.

我再也回不去了。

Do you see the difference?

你看到區別了嗎？

It's a tiny tweak, but it makes any story more interesting.

這只是一個微小的調整，但它能讓任何故事變得更有趣。

But hey, a common mistake is that people share thoughts that sound too professional, too intellectual.

但是，一個常見的錯誤是，人們分享的想法聽起來過於專業，過於知識性。

They say something like, I thought this represents a supreme opportunity.

他們會說，我認為這是一個絕佳的機會。

Would your thoughts actually sound like that?

你的想法真的是這樣嗎？

Probably not, right?

可能不會吧？

And so what you want to do is when you share your thoughts, give us the raw, unfiltered thoughts.

是以，你要做的就是在分享你的想法時，給我們原始的、未經過濾的想法。

Give us those little bit like ranchy, juicy, neurotic thoughts.

給我們一點像牧場的、多汁的、神經質的想法。

Now that will make your story much more relatable.

這將使你的故事更有親和力。

Fourth technique, emotions.

第四項技術，情感。

What are you feeling?

你有什麼感覺？

The best stories, they're emotional.

最好的故事，都是充滿情感的。

They take the listeners on this emotional journey.

他們帶領聽眾踏上這段情感之旅。

Now with the thoughts, with the previous technique, you know now one technique to make it more emotional, but there's another one.

現在有了思想，有了前面的技巧，你現在知道了一種讓它更感性的技巧，但還有另一種。

The simplest way is to just state an emotion.

最簡單的方法就是直接表達一種情緒。

So you say something like, I was disappointed.

所以你會說 "我很失望 "之類的話。

I was relieved.

我鬆了一口氣。

I was happy.

我很高興。

Now that is pretty standard, right?

這才是最標準的，對吧？

That is what most people do, but it's not ideal because it is not really visual, right?

大多數人都是這麼做的，但這並不理想，因為它並不真正直觀，不是嗎？

When you hear someone saying I was disappointed, well, you cannot visualize it.

當你聽到有人說我很失望時，你是無法想象的。

And so the better way is to show the emotion, show how it looks on the body, on the face when you experience that emotion.

是以，更好的方法是展示情緒，展示當你體驗到這種情緒時，它在身體和臉上的表現。

Let me give you some examples.

讓我舉幾個例子。

Instead of saying I was relieved, say in that moment I leaned backward and let out this big, or instead of saying he was anxious, say he kept tapping his pen on the table and he kept glancing up to the clock every few seconds.

與其說我如釋重負，不如說那一刻我向後傾了傾身子，吐出了這一大口氣；與其說他焦慮不安，不如說他不停地用筆敲著桌子，每隔幾秒鐘就抬頭看一眼時鐘。

Do you see the difference?

你看到區別了嗎？

Showing the emotion makes it much more visual.

情感的流露更直觀。

It takes us into the specific moment of the story.

它將我們帶入故事的特定時刻。

Technique number five, dialogue.

技巧五，對話。

What are you hearing?

你聽到了什麼？

Many of your stories will have more than one character, maybe a manager, your friend, a coworker, your dog, whoever it is.

你的很多故事都會有不止一個角色，可能是經理、你的朋友、同事、你的狗，不管是誰。

Now, what did the character say in that crucial moment of the story?

現在，在故事的關鍵時刻，人物說了什麼？

What were the exact words?

原話是什麼？

Examples.

例如

Instead of saying my friend was very disappointed, say in that moment my friend looked at me and said, Philip, what on earth was that?

與其說我的朋友非常失望，不如說那一刻我的朋友看著我說：菲利普，那究竟是什麼？

Or instead of saying my manager was very happy with my work, say in that moment my manager looked at me and said, wow, that was really the best presentation you've ever given.

或者，與其說我的經理對我的工作非常滿意，不如說在那一刻，我的經理看著我說：哇，這真是你做過的最好的演示。

Now, do you see the difference?

現在，你看到區別了嗎？

Dialogue is such a simple tool to make any story much more interesting.

對話是一個非常簡單的工具，可以讓故事變得更加有趣。

It is actually the tool that I use the most.

實際上，它是我用得最多的工具。

But I guess there's just one thing to keep in mind.

但我想有一件事必須牢記在心。

Similar as with the thoughts, share the dialogue that is a little bit more interesting, a little bit more juicy.

與思考類似，分享的對話也要更有趣、更多汁一些。

If you say something like, in this moment my manager said, well, I'm very dissatisfied with the inadequate execution of that project.

如果你說："此時此刻，我的經理說，我對該項目執行不力非常不滿。

Well, that would sound super boring, right?

聽起來很無聊吧？

Instead, pick much more juicy, much more concise and catchy dialogue.

取而代之的是，選擇更多汁、更簡潔、更朗朗上口的對話。

All right, now that you know the five most important elements in storytelling, let's watch a quick one-minute video to see those elements in action.

好了，既然你已經知道了講故事最重要的五個要素，那就讓我們來觀看一段一分鐘的視頻，看看這些要素是如何發揮作用的。

That story is by Sarah Investor and CEO of Nightcap.

這個故事的作者是 Nightcap 的首席執行官莎拉-投資者。

Now, when you watch the story, see how she zooms into the moment.

現在，當你觀看這個故事時，看看她是如何將瞬間放大的。

Can you spot when she shares the location, the actions, the thoughts, the dialogue and the feelings?

您能發現她在分享地點、動作、想法、對話和感受嗎？

So in my mid-20s, I was running acquisitions for Pizza Express and walked into a meeting room.

20 多歲時，我為 Pizza Express 做收單，走進一間會議室。

I was two minutes late for the meeting.

我開會遲到了兩分鐘。

And the person on the opposite side of the table, the lawyer, looked up and said, oh, thank goodness for that.

桌子對面的律師抬起頭說，哦，謝天謝地。

Mine's white with one sugar, please.

我的是白色，加一塊糖，謝謝。

So I thought, OK, this is a moment.

所以我想，好吧，現在是時候了。

Walked around to the coffee, made him his coffee, put the coffee in front of him and said, would anybody else like a coffee?

他走到咖啡前，給他煮了咖啡，把咖啡放在他面前，然後說，還有人要咖啡嗎？

And nobody said anything.

沒有人說什麼。

Nobody wanted one.

沒人想要。

I made myself a coffee and then sat back down again opposite him.

我給自己衝了一杯咖啡，然後又坐回他對面。

And as he looked up, I watched the colour drain from his face as he realised this enormous assumption that he'd made.

當他抬起頭時，我看到他臉上的血色漸漸消失，因為他意識到自己做了一個巨大的假設。

And it was such a beautiful moment in my career, really empowering, when I sat there and realised that actually this moment where I'd had imposter syndrome anyway, running a meeting like this, but I'd been completely misjudged by the people on the opposite side of the table, was actually this incredible superpower because guess who walked out with the deal?

這是我職業生涯中最美妙的時刻，也是最有力量的時刻，當我坐在那裡，意識到我在主持這樣一個會議時，無論如何都會患上 "冒名頂替綜合症"，但我卻被會議桌對面的人完全誤解了。

What an incredible storyteller, right?

多麼不可思議的講故事者，不是嗎？

Today you learned the foundations.

今天，你們學到了基礎知識。

You learned how to tell insanely good stories.

你學會了如何講述精彩絕倫的故事。

But hey, there are also a few more advanced storytelling techniques out there.

不過，還有一些更高級的講故事技巧。

In case you want to go deeper on this journey, I would suggest you check out this next video in which you learn how to be a better storyteller than 99% of the people.

如果你想在這條路上走得更遠，我建議你看看下一段視頻，在這段視頻中，你將學會如何成為比 99% 的人更會講故事的人。

See you there.

到時見。