The discussion today is about microplastics, a topic that we have seen in the news lately.

今天討論的主題是微塑膠，這是我們最近在新聞中看到的一個話題。

We are going to discuss where they're coming from, where they're at, and what we can do about it.

我們將討論他們的來歷、現狀以及我們能做些什麼。

So the average male testicle has 8.2 milligrams of microplastics.

是以，男性睪丸平均含有 8.2 毫克的微塑膠。

And the brain, the average brain, has more than 50% more microplastics than we did 10 years ago.

與 10 年前相比，大腦（普通大腦）中的微塑膠含量增加了 50%以上。

So the problem is bad, and it's getting worse.

所以問題很嚴重，而且越來越嚴重。

Interestingly, I just completed my first microplastics test, and the entire Blueprint team did that.

有趣的是，我剛剛完成了我的第一次微塑膠測試，整個藍圖團隊都做了這項測試。

And I had the lowest levels of microplastics than anyone, lower than 76% of the people in the dataset.

我的微塑膠含量比任何人都低，比數據集中 76% 的人都低。

Now, of course, I want to be in the 99th percentile for optimal.

當然，現在我想成為最佳的第 99 百分位數。

So we need to figure out how to get there and how you can get there too.

是以，我們需要弄清楚如何到達那裡，以及你們如何也能到達那裡。

So let's talk about how this is getting into our bodies.

那麼，讓我們來談談這些東西是如何進入我們體內的。

There are three ways we can ingest them.

我們可以通過三種方式攝取它們。

For example, you can drink them through bottles or tap water.

例如，您可以用瓶裝水或自來水飲用。

You can eat them through food or, for example, you can like warm your food up in plastic.

你可以通過食物吃到它們，或者，比如，你可以把食物放在塑膠袋裡加熱。

And that also is a way that gets in your body.

這也是進入人體的一種方式。

You can inhale them. So studies have shown that it gets to our brain.

你可以吸入它們。是以，研究表明它能進入我們的大腦。

In autopsies, they found microplastics in the olfactory bulb showing that they get through.

在屍體解剖中，他們在嗅球中發現了微塑膠，這表明它們能穿過嗅球。

And the third way is through absorption through the skin, for example, with skin care products.

第三種方式是通過皮膚吸收，例如護膚品。

Now, we could not find any evidence of anyone who had demonstrated they're getting through the skin.

現在，我們找不到任何證據表明，有人能穿透皮膚。

So we don't know. And I want to call that out because we try to be very clear with things we do know, things we don't know.

所以我們不知道。我想把這一點說出來，因為我們會盡量把我們知道的和不知道的事情說清楚。

It is reasonable to imagine this is the case, but we also want to call out we couldn't directly find any evidence.

我們有理由認為情況確實如此，但我們也要指出，我們無法直接找到任何證據。

Now, I will share with you what I'm doing.

現在，我將與你們分享我正在做的事情。

One is I've made this rule. I have stopped drinking water out of plastic.

一是我制定了這個規則。我不再喝塑膠水。

There may be a circumstance where it's either choose death or choose a plastic water bottle.

在某些情況下，要麼選擇死亡，要麼選擇塑膠水瓶。

And at that point, maybe. But until then, I don't think I'm going to do it.

到那個時候，也許吧。但在那之前，我想我不會這麼做。

Having made that rule, it's just easy for me now.

制定了這個規則後，現在對我來說就很容易了。

I take my don't die stainless steel water container everywhere I go.

我去哪兒都帶著我的 "不死不鏽鋼水盒"。

And now it's just a habit. So try to form a habit. Don't drink water out of plastic.

現在這只是一種習慣。所以，試著養成一種習慣。不要用塑膠袋喝水。

You could also put together a water filtration system at your home.

您還可以在家中安裝水過濾系統。

On my website, I will include the link below.

我將在我的網站上提供以下鏈接。

I have a reverse osmosis water system. Mine cost one thousand three hundred dollars.

我有一個反滲透水系統。我的價格是一千三百美元。

You can buy them much cheaper. For example, a friend of mine just bought his for three hundred dollars.

你可以買到更便宜的。例如，我的一個朋友剛花了三百美元買了他的。

So different ranges. But on my website, the guy who I used to install mine is there.

所以範圍不同。但在我的網站上，我用來安裝我的設備的人就在那裡。

You can call him and he can help you install the system if you want.

你可以打電話給他，如果你願意，他可以幫你安裝系統。

Also, you can see the system specs and find your own.

此外，您還可以查看系統規格並找到自己的系統規格。

Be aware that if you have a system on your refrigerator, for example, it may only filter to like one micron.

請注意，如果您在冰箱上安裝了一個系統，它的過濾精度可能只有一微米。

You need to get smaller to get the microplastics out.

你需要變小，把微塑膠排出去。

So we're also exploring excitingly trying to figure out how to measure microplastics in water.

是以，我們也在進行令人興奮的探索，試圖找出如何測量水中的微塑膠。

So you can test that as well, because, again, Blueprint is all about measurement.

是以，你也可以對其進行測試，因為藍圖的核心還是測量。

We need data to make these decisions. Water filtration system is good.

我們需要數據來做出這些決定。水過濾系統很好。

Now for food, there's three things you want to consider is one is store your food in non plastic materials like glass, ceramics, stainless steel.

對於食物，有三件事你需要考慮：一是用非塑膠材料儲存食物，如玻璃、陶瓷、不鏽鋼。

If you receive something in plastic, just put it in those containers.

如果你收到的是塑料容器，就把它放進這些容器裡。

Two is you want to take your own water container around with you, preferably stainless steel or something like that.

二是你要隨身攜帶自己的盛水器，最好是不鏽鋼之類的。

And three is you want to avoid canned things.

第三，你要避免吃罐頭。

So we saw one study, for example, that showed a 20 fold increase in levels of BPA from canned soup.

例如，我們看到一項研究表明，罐頭湯中的雙酚 A 含量增加了 20 倍。

So it's reasonable to imagine that these canned things have a similar process of plastics and you want to avoid them.

是以，我們有理由想象，這些罐頭也有類似的塑膠加工過程，你應該避免使用它們。

Now let's talk about your kitchen next. You want to scan your environment and remove plastic wherever you can.

接下來讓我們談談你的廚房。您要掃描周圍的環境，儘可能去除塑膠。

So that means cutting boards, kitchen tools like stirrers, any kind of storage container.

是以，這意味著砧板、攪拌器等廚房工具以及任何類型的儲存容器。

You want to try to just identify what is plastic and replace it with ceramic glass, stainless steel.

你要儘量找出哪些是塑膠，然後換成陶瓷玻璃、不鏽鋼。

Also avoid the nonstick pans and instead use cast iron or stainless steel.

還要避免使用不粘鍋，改用鑄鐵或不鏽鋼鍋。

For home and personal care, you want to seek out materials like cotton, bamboo, linen, hemp, wool and silk.

在家庭和個人護理方面，您需要選擇棉、竹、亞麻、麻、羊毛和絲綢等材料。

That's also true for things like rugs.

地毯等物品也是如此。

So try to have those materials in your home.

是以，請儘量在家中擺放這些材料。

And also you can have a HEPA filter as you vacuum that will also capture microplastics.

此外，您還可以在吸塵器上安裝高效過濾器，這樣也能捕捉到微塑膠。

And then if you can switch to a plastic free laundry detergent.

如果可以的話，再換一種無塑膠洗衣粉。

And then finally is to avoid handling receipts. They have high levels of BPA.

最後是避免處理收據。它們含有大量的雙酚 A。

Now if your job requires you to handle receipts, consider wearing gloves.

如果您的工作需要您處理收據，請考慮戴上手套。

If you're receiving them, then you'll opt for a digital version.

如果您收到的是電子版，那麼您會選擇電子版。

We have the world's first microplastics test.

我們擁有世界上第一個微塑膠測試。

We want to make meaningful progress on this topic.

我們希望在這個問題上取得有意義的進展。

And to date, there's not been a way for people to just easily do a plastics test at home.

迄今為止，還沒有一種方法能讓人們在家裡輕鬆地進行塑膠測試。

And that's what we have today.

這就是我們今天的成果。

A metal lancet, you just prick your finger, a little spot of blood on a card.

金屬柳葉刀，只需刺破手指，在卡片上留下一點血跡。

And you get results back that shows you the different levels of microplastics at the various particle sizes.

結果會顯示不同顆粒大小的微塑膠含量。

Now the goal here is as a community, we build the world's largest data set of microplastics.

現在，我們的目標是作為一個社區，建立世界上最大的微塑膠數據集。

And then we figure out what things change.

然後，我們再想辦法改變什麼。

For example, if you install a filter at your home water, does that lower your microplastic levels?

例如，如果您在家中安裝了過濾器，是否就能降低微塑膠的含量？

If you remove plastic containers in your environment, does that help? Etc.

如果您移除環境中的塑料容器，會有幫助嗎？等等。

The goal really is to be quantified about how we're doing our measurement and what changes we're making in the real world.

真正的目標是量化我們如何進行測量，以及我們在現實世界中做出了哪些改變。

And then tie those two things together.

然後把這兩件事聯繫起來。

And then we'll get our way to more sophisticated things where we can actually maybe remove microplastics from a body.

然後，我們將研究更復雜的東西，也許我們真的可以從人體中清除微塑膠。

Don't worry, we've got this.

別擔心，我們能行。

And it's been a mistake for us to just go with such gusto in producing these microplastics.

我們一味地生產這些微塑膠是一個錯誤。

And we haven't known the effects, but now we can take corrective actions.

我們還不知道其影響，但現在我們可以採取糾正措施了。

Thank you for attending class. You are now excused. Be well.

感謝您前來上課。你現在可以離開了。祝你一切順利

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