Name: 【BBC】機器人多久之後就能像人類一樣行動自如？ (How soon will robots be able to behave like humans? | BBC Click)
Uploaded: 2024-12-10T21:01:30.000Z
Duration: 6 min 33 s

MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory is a world-leading facility.

麻省理工學院的計算機科學與人工智能實驗室是世界領先的設施。

But today, I've come to teach a thing or two.

對機器人而言，而不是對人類而言。

In a bid to help them behave as humanly as possible, especially with the tasks that we wouldn't give a second thought to.

這樣做的目的是幫助他們儘可能表現得人性化一些，尤其是那些我們想都不敢想的任務。

This reinforcement learning where the machines mimic humans is how the AI is trained.

這種機器模仿人類的強化學習就是人工智能的訓練方式。

It aims to make the bots less, well, robotic and more multi-skilled.

其目的是讓機器人不再是機器人，而是擁有更多技能的機器人。

This motion is actually independent of where we place the glass and the picture, so we can have a much more adaptive system that does not need to have everything specified precisely.

這種運動實際上與我們放置玻璃和圖片的位置無關，是以我們可以擁有一個適應性更強的系統，不需要精確地指定一切。

In fact, this is part of the magic of machine learning.

事實上，這正是機器學習的神奇之處。

With machine learning, we can turn pre-programmed robots into intelligent machines.

通過機器學習，我們可以將預先編程的機器人變成智能機器。

That means we can use data, we can use text, we can use images.

這意味著我們可以使用數據、文本和影像。

We can even use muscle activity, and we can learn from this data how to do tasks in a much more seamless way.

我們甚至可以利用肌肉活動，並從這些數據中學習如何以更完美的方式完成任務。

Baxter's also been trained on doing the dishes and chopping veg.

巴克斯特還接受了洗碗和切菜的訓練。

與此同時，機器人手，有人想知道嗎？

So, Laura, this is another robot we've been working on, and what's special about the hand is that it's got a very compliant body, so it's got skin, in other words, soft material.

勞拉，這是我們一直在研究的另一個機器人，這隻手的特別之處在於它有一個非常順從的身體，所以它有皮膚，換句話說，柔軟的材料。

It feels like silicon, but I can also feel what is like the bones inside.

感覺像是硅膠，但我也能感覺到裡面像是骨頭。

So the reason we put bones inside is because we want to have a hand that is compliant, and that's what we get from the silicon.

是以，我們之所以把骨頭放在裡面，是因為我們希望有一隻符合要求的手，而這正是我們從硅中得到的。

On with the glove, and time for a lighter task to start.

戴上手套，是時候開始一項輕鬆的任務了。

My hand's starting off in the same position as the bot, and the idea is that I'm going to train it to pick up that dollar bill.

我的手一開始的位置和機器人一樣，我的想法是訓練它撿起那張一元紙幣。

As you can see here, just the tiniest turns, and you can really see them.

正如您在這裡看到的，只需最微小的轉彎，您就能真切地看到它們。

If I do a kind of typing action, look at that, look at the fingers in real time.

如果我做一個打字的動作，看看這個，實時看看手指。

Right, so if I now move my hand down as though I'm going to pick up the dollar bill...

對了，如果我現在把手向下移動，好像要拿起那張一美元的鈔票...

You're off, you're off, you have to shift.

你休息，你休息，你必須換班。

I tried and failed repeatedly, so I'm not sure how much use this training was.

我屢試屢敗，不知道這次培訓有多大用處。

Next up, a look at how robots can work as a team.

接下來，我們來看看機器人如何進行團隊協作。

What sort of real-world uses would robotics created on this basis have?

在此基礎上創建的機器人在現實世界中會有什麼樣的用途？

You could take a swarm of robots like these ones and get them to go up a bridge to ensure the integrity of the bridge.

你可以讓一群像這樣的機器人爬上一座橋，以確保橋樑的完整性。

We have to consider what should the body do, what should the brain do?

我們必須考慮身體應該做什麼，大腦應該做什麼？

And depending on the task of the robot, how should we design the body so that the body is capable of the task?

根據機器人的任務，我們應該如何設計機身，使機身能夠勝任任務？

We then need the brain to get the body to do what it's meant to do.

然後，我們需要大腦讓身體做它應該做的事情。

And I suppose the interaction between devices is really important for real-world purposes like self-driving cars, that they be able to see each other and understand how to interact with what's around them.

我認為，設備之間的互動對於自動駕駛汽車等實際用途來說非常重要，它們能夠看到對方，並瞭解如何與周圍的事物互動。

Exactly, so the coordination and group behaviour we get from local interactions to global behaviour are super important.

沒錯，是以，從局部互動到全局行為，我們所獲得的協調和群體行為是超級重要的。

That is part of getting robots to perceive the world around them and reason about it.

這也是讓機器人感知周圍世界並進行推理的一部分。

Krush is autonomous, having learnt to swim from data collected on real sea turtles.

Krush 是自動的，它通過收集真實海龜的數據來學習游泳。

This actually gives us a very naturally moving robot that goes in the sea and does not disturb the sea life and that allows us to study the sea life better.

這實際上為我們提供了一個非常自然的移動機器人，它可以在海中移動，不會干擾海洋生物，讓我們可以更好地研究海洋生物。

This robot is able to move whatever way we want in the sea, all of this enabled by its algorithms.

這個機器人能以我們想要的任何方式在海中移動，所有這一切都得益於它的算法。

I can actually see how natural the movement seems.

實際上，我可以看到這個動作看起來是多麼自然。

It's smooth, but it doesn't seem that sort of organised in its movement, which is, of course, a very real way that a creature would behave.

它的動作很流暢，但又不像那種有組織的動作，當然，這也是一種生物的真實行為方式。

From the seas to the skies, devices are not only learning from the physical world, but also from language and AI's ability to reason.

從海洋到天空，設備不僅在向物理世界學習，也在向語言和人工智能的推理能力學習。

This drone is being trained to understand instructions in any language.

這架無人機正在接受訓練，可以理解任何語言的指令。

It's never seen a red bag or a traffic cone in its data set, but combining its understanding of language and vision, it is able to reason, so should be able to understand and carry out this command and so many more.

在它的數據集中，它從未見過紅包或交通錐，但結合對語言和視覺的理解，它能夠進行推理，是以應該能夠理解並執行這條命令以及其他許多命令。

Just by me instructing it in my own words, it ended up in the right spot.

就在我用自己的話對它進行指導時，它最終找到了正確的位置。

Before I go, though, I have been promised some lunch.

不過，在我走之前，有人答應我吃午飯。

Not sure how appealing that lettuce is looking after having that done to it.

不知道萵苣經過這樣的處理後看起來有多吸引人。

這不是人工處理，而是機器人處理。

Turns out that for robots, some of the jobs that we find the easiest are going to take some time to learn.

事實證明，對於機器人來說，一些我們認為最簡單的工作也需要花一些時間來學習。

It's like watching someone with a claw machine, just a really advanced version.

這就像在看一個人使用爪機，只不過是一個非常先進的版本。