Africa is not a great emitter of carbon at the moment, so if we're making a transition that requires Africa to bear the burden of it, then it is unjust.

非洲目前的碳排放量並不大，是以，如果我們在進行轉型時要求非洲承擔碳排放的負擔，那是不公平的。

So a just energy transition is one that works for many, if not all, in a way that is also very inclusive.

是以，公正的能源轉型即使不能惠及所有人，也要惠及許多人，同時具有很強的包容性。

A sustainable energy transition is one that takes into consideration the environmental, economic and social impact of energy consumption to ensure that none of these issues suffer in any way.

可持續的能源轉型要考慮到能源消耗對環境、經濟和社會的影響，以確保這些問題都不會受到任何影響。

But in doing that, we also need to ensure that it is fair and inclusive.

但在這樣做的同時，我們還需要確保它的公平性和包容性。

The main problem for Africa, or what is at stake here, is that if Africa does nothing, the world will not wait for Africa.

非洲的主要問題，或者說這裡的利害關係在於，如果非洲什麼都不做，世界就不會等待非洲。

And if Africa chooses to do something, there is also a possibility that certain things will suffer.

如果非洲選擇做一些事情，也有可能使某些事情受到影響。

So Africa is caught in between solving basic everyday human challenges like addressing poverty, providing health services, investing in education, investing in infrastructure.

是以，非洲在解決人類日常面臨的基本挑戰，如解決貧困、提供醫療服務、投資教育、投資基礎設施等方面陷入困境。

So these are pressing problems that would also require Africa paying attention to climate issues.

是以，這些緊迫的問題也需要非洲關注氣候問題。

So caught in between, sometimes it's a matter of putting food on the table and thinking about the environment, and in most instances it's like that because you have many people in Africa who are struggling with these daily needs.

是以，在這兩者之間，有時既要解決溫飽問題，又要考慮環境問題，在大多數情況下都是如此，因為非洲有許多人正在為這些日常需求而掙扎。

So what is at stake for Africa in that sense is that if it does nothing, it's left behind.

是以，從這個意義上講，非洲的利害關係在於，如果它什麼都不做，就會被拋在後面。

If it does something, then it has to be very creative.

如果它能有所作為，那麼它就必須非常有創意。

But it's also an opportunity.

但這也是一個機會。

It's not all about the risk, because Africa is starting from a clean sheet, so to speak.

這與風險無關，因為非洲可以說是白手起家。

So it's an opportunity also for Africa to get it right.

是以，這對非洲來說也是一個機會。

And Africa can become the social lab of the world, where if we get it right, then it means that other people can also learn from us.

非洲可以成為世界的社會實驗室，如果我們做對了，就意味著其他人也可以向我們學習。

But in that case, for Africa to benefit, it may require collaborative effort.

但在這種情況下，要使非洲受益，可能需要合作努力。

The factors at play here would include, one, the raw materials, you know, where are they coming from?

這裡的因素包括：第一，原材料，你知道，它們來自哪裡？

Because if we're talking about energy transition, we're also looking about talking about renewable energy and also changes in technologies and transportation.

因為如果我們在談論能源轉型，我們也在談論可再生能源，以及技術和運輸方面的變化。

There's been a lot of talk now about electronic vehicles.

現在有很多關於電子汽車的討論。

But electronic vehicles, we require batteries, and batteries, we require raw materials.

但電子汽車需要電池，而電池需要原材料。

Some of these raw materials also come from Africa.

其中一些原材料也來自非洲。

So you're looking at the value chain or the supply chain, and you're wondering how sustainable are these.

是以，您在查看價值鏈或供應鏈時，會想知道這些價值鏈或供應鏈的可持續性如何。

And at this time, we may not even understand the full implication, the lifecycle analysis of electronic vehicles in particular.

目前，我們可能還不瞭解其中的全部含義，尤其是電子汽車的生命週期分析。

So assuming the world shifts to electronic vehicles today, what are the possible outcomes going forward?

那麼，假設今天全世界都轉向了電子汽車，未來可能會出現什麼結果呢？

What would environmental pollution or e-waste look like?

環境汙染或電子垃圾是什麼樣的？

And who will suffer that, and who will be at the brunt of it?

誰會遭受這種痛苦，誰又會首當其衝？

So these are some of the issues at stake.

是以，這些都是事關重大的一些問題。

So you also have technology also as an important dimension, R&D, research and development.

是以，技術也是研發的一個重要方面。

At the moment, there is a danger that Africa might end up depending on foreign technologies and foreign R&D.

目前，非洲有可能最終依賴於外國技術和外國研發。

So it's also an opportunity for Africa to start thinking of making such investments and contributing to knowledge production in such a way that empowers Africa to be self-reliant and also collaborate with other parts of the world.

是以，對於非洲來說，這也是一個機會，讓我們開始考慮進行此類投資，為知識生產做出貢獻，從而增強非洲自力更生的能力，並與世界其他地區開展合作。

But in order to do that, we need money.

但要做到這一點，我們需要錢。

So there is also implication for finance and how to make these initiatives work.

是以，這也涉及到資金問題，以及如何使這些舉措發揮作用。

So in that case, you have three main things, natural resources.

是以，在這種情況下，你有三件主要的事情：自然資源。

You also have research and development or the technology side of things, as well as the financial dimension.

此外還有研發或技術方面的工作，以及財務方面的工作。

Well, ultimately, you need also the political will, the government and governance in a broad sense to tie all these three together.

好吧，歸根結底，你還需要政治意願、政府和廣義上的治理來把這三者結合起來。

Because without appropriate governance, it becomes quite difficult to realize them.

因為如果沒有適當的治理，就很難實現這些目標。

These points are covered in the program because we framed it in such a way that we are looking at energy needs of Africa, but understanding the energy needs of Africa within the context of the climate change conversation, because it's not one or the other.

節目中涵蓋了這些要點，因為我們的節目框架是這樣的：我們關注非洲的能源需求，但要在氣候變化對話的背景下理解非洲的能源需求，因為這不是非此即彼的問題。

If you present only climate change without the energy needs of Africa, it might be out of place.

如果只介紹氣候變化，而不介紹非洲的能源需求，可能會顯得格格不入。

And also if you think about energy needs of Africa in the absence of climate change, it is not complete.

此外，如果考慮到在沒有氣候變化的情況下非洲的能源需求，這也是不全面的。

So we bring the two together, but bringing them together is not just sufficient.

是以，我們將兩者結合在一起，但將它們結合在一起還遠遠不夠。

We need to think about the financial implications, as well as the R&D implications, and also the role of governments and different actors, the private sector, the CSOs, coming together to solve these problems.

我們需要考慮財政影響和研發影響，以及政府和不同行為者、私營部門、民間社會組織在共同解決這些問題中的作用。

Then the question is, why is EUI an important player here?

那麼問題來了，為什麼 EUI 在這裡扮演著重要角色？

And EUI has over time developed the expertise in regulation, for example.

隨著時間的推移，歐盟投資局在監管等方面積累了豐富的專業知識。

EUI has also established a new school of transnational governance, and climate change is a transnational issue.

歐盟研究所還建立了一個新的跨國治理學院，而氣候變化是一個跨國問題。

So EUI has the expertise in terms of regulation, in terms of governance, but also the EUI has the Florence School of Banking and Finance, which also can speak to the financial dimension.

是以，歐盟工業研究院擁有監管和治理方面的專業知識，而且歐盟工業研究院還擁有佛羅倫薩銀行與金融學院，該學院也可以在金融方面發表意見。

So an EUI is an European entity which has the legitimacy to speak on these issues, and EUI is reaching out to Africa.

是以，歐盟倡議是一個歐洲實體，具有就這些問題發言的合法性，歐盟倡議正在向非洲伸出援手。

Last year we were in Kampala, and this year we are in Accra in Ghana.

去年我們在坎帕拉，今年我們在加納的阿克拉。

The idea is for EUI to build a stronger relationship with Africa, and we see this as a good opportunity to establish that relationship and build something that will last longer than just coming for a three-day program.

我們的想法是讓歐盟工業研究院與非洲建立更牢固的關係，我們認為這是一個很好的機會來建立這種關係，並與非洲建立更長久的關係，而不僅僅是參加為期三天的活動。