Name: 荒野中最後遊牧家庭的一天 -71°C (-95°F) 雅庫特 (One Day of the Last Nomad Family in the Wilderness −71°C (−95°F) Yakutia)
Uploaded: 2024-11-10T06:38:15.000Z
Duration: 16 min 55 s

It's the middle of January, and the thermometer often plunges below minus 70 degrees Celsius.

現在是 1 月中旬，溫度計經常降到零下 70 攝氏度以下。

11-year-old Ersan, the youngest in the family, rises early to gather ice for washing and drinking, the only source of water.

11 歲的埃爾桑是家裡最小的孩子，他每天早早起床，收集洗漱和飲用的冰塊，這是唯一的水源。

Viktor, a young reindeer herder, rushes to heat their tent to keep them warm on this ice-cold morning.

在這個冰冷的早晨，年輕的馴鹿牧民維克多趕忙給他們的帳篷取暖。

To survive in this severe climate, the family keeps their stove running non-stop.

為了在惡劣的氣候條件下生存下去，一家人不停地生爐子。

They use a lot of firewood, needing to add more every 15 minutes to prevent the temperature from dropping below zero.

他們使用大量木柴，每隔 15 分鐘就需要增加木柴，以防止溫度降到零度以下。

Ekaterina, a wife, grandmother, and the only woman in the house, wakes up early to prepare breakfast for her family, ensuring everyone has enough food to stay warm.

葉卡捷琳娜是妻子、祖母，也是家中唯一的女性，她早早起床為家人準備早餐，確保每個人都有足夠的食物取暖。

The Dechko family lives in a canvas tent with no private rooms, refrigerators, washing machines, or shower, none of the signs of modern life.

德奇科一家住在帆布帳篷裡，沒有私人房間、冰箱、洗衣機或淋浴，沒有任何現代生活的標誌。

They only have a stove, a pile of firewood, a table for eating, and a reindeer fur mattress.

他們只有一個爐子、一堆木柴、一張吃飯的桌子和一張馴鹿毛皮床墊。

Showering is a rare luxury, with no bathroom, the family wash themselves with ice-cold water and uses the forest as their toilet.

洗澡是一種難得的奢侈，因為沒有浴室，一家人只能用冰水洗漱，並把森林當作廁所。

After their morning wash, the family gathers together for breakfast.

早上洗漱完畢後，一家人聚在一起吃早餐。

Breakfast in the Dechkov home is unlike any other.

They start their day with reindeer meat, which is richer and more nutritious than beef.

他們的一天從馴鹿肉開始，馴鹿肉比牛肉更豐富、更有營養。

Ekaterina and Dmitry have four children, who are now grown up and now have families of their own.

葉卡捷琳娜和德米特里有四個孩子，如今他們都已長大成人，有了自己的家庭。

Despite this, their home is often bustling with grandchildren and others, eager to learn the skills and traditions of reindeer herding.

儘管如此，他們的家裡還是經常熱鬧非凡，孫子和其他人都渴望學習馴鹿放牧的技能和傳統。

After breakfast, the boys get ready to go outside and start their day.

早餐後，孩子們準備出門開始一天的生活。

But first, they need to get ready for the cold by wearing multiple layers of warm clothes.

但首先，他們需要做好禦寒準備，穿上多層保暖衣物。

All their clothes are made from reindeer hide by Ekaterina herself, one of the warmest materials that can withstand minus 70 degrees.

他們所有的衣服都是葉卡捷琳娜親自用馴鹿皮製作的，這是最保暖的材料之一，可以抵禦零下 70 度的低溫。

The trousers and jackets are essential to protect against the icy winds.

長褲和夾克是抵禦冰風的必備品。

The hats cover their ears and heads completely, ensuring that no part of their body is exposed to the biting cold.

帽子完全遮住了他們的耳朵和頭部，確保他們身體的任何部分都不會暴露在刺骨的寒風中。

Now Aisen and Victor are ready for their morning duty of bringing the reindeer back and protecting them from wolves.

現在，艾森和維克多已經準備好履行早上的職責，把馴鹿帶回去，保護它們不被狼吃掉。

Twelve-year-old Aisen dreams of becoming a reindeer herder when he grows up.

12 歲的艾森夢想長大後成為一名馴鹿牧民。

He has been learning to herd the reindeer since he was young, spending his holidays with the Dechkov family to master the basics of reindeer herding.

他從小就開始學習放養馴鹿，假期與 Dechkov 一家一起度過，掌握了放養馴鹿的基本技能。

Every morning Aisen and Victor venture into the endless forest to gather reindeer.

每天清晨，艾森和維克多都要冒險進入無邊無際的森林捕捉馴鹿。

While anyone else would be lost in the taiga forest, the boys have learned to easily navigate using the hills and bushes better than any satellite navigation.

在針葉林中，任何人都會迷失方向，而男孩們卻學會了利用山丘和灌木叢輕鬆導航，這比任何衛星導航都管用。

Reindeer herders must constantly check and protect the herd from wolves, which can kill and chase the herd.

馴鹿牧民必須不斷檢查和保護鹿群，防止狼群捕殺和追逐鹿群。

This is why Aisen and Victor watch over a reindeer ready to protect and lead them away from danger.

這就是艾森和維克多看護馴鹿的原因，他們隨時準備保護和帶領馴鹿遠離危險。

Bears also pose a threat, especially in the spring, who may attack both the reindeer and people.

熊也構成威脅，尤其是在春天，它們可能會攻擊馴鹿和人。

The Dechkov family have about 1,000 reindeer.

These animals feed on their own, mainly eating moss and herbs, which they dig out from a thick layer of snow.

這些動物靠自己覓食，主要吃苔蘚和草藥，它們從厚厚的雪層中挖出苔蘚和草藥。

However, the reindeer quickly consume their food and trample the ground, making it essential to move to fresh grazing grounds every few days.

然而，馴鹿很快就會吃光食物，並踐踏地面，是以每隔幾天就必須轉移到新的牧場。

Reindeer herders must always be ready to move, often roaming not only in the taiga, but also moving south during the cold season.

馴鹿牧民必須隨時準備遷移，不僅經常在針葉林區漫遊，而且在寒冷季節還要向南遷移。

The Dechkov family has no desire to live in the city.

德奇科夫一家並不想住在城裡。

The confinement and restrictions of the city life will stifle their spirit and traditions.

城市生活的束縛和限制會扼殺他們的精神和傳統。

The vast open landscapes of the taiga forest are where they thrive, moving freely with their herd and appreciating the beauty of nature that surrounds them.

泰加森林廣袤開闊的地貌是它們繁衍生息的地方，它們與牛群一起自由遷徙，欣賞著周圍美麗的自然風光。

Finally, Aisen and Victor brought back the herd.

最後，艾森和維克多帶回了牛群。

The reindeer are excited to have some salt, which is their little treat and it fulfills their need for sodium, essential nutrient that helps digest food in their stomachs.

馴鹿很高興能吃到鹽，這是它們的小點心，可以滿足它們對鈉的需求，鈉是幫助消化胃中食物的必需營養素。

Reindeer herding is one of the oldest professions that continues to exist, practiced for thousands of years by indigenous people in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions, such as the Ivangs and even people.

放養馴鹿是最古老的職業之一，北極和亞北極地區的土著居民，如伊萬斯人，甚至人類，都從事了數千年的放養馴鹿活動。

The Dechkov family are among the 20,000 indigenous Ivan people.

德奇科夫一家是 2 萬土著伊萬人中的一員。

The Ivan people have a rich cultural heritage, deeply connected to nature.

伊萬人擁有豐富的文化遺產，與大自然有著千絲萬縷的聯繫。

They value their natural surroundings and freedom, seeing them as essential to their

他們珍視自然環境和自由，認為這對他們的生活至關重要

The role of women in the reindeer herding family is crucial, creating a special warm atmosphere in these tough living conditions.

婦女在馴鹿放牧家庭中發揮著至關重要的作用，在艱苦的生活條件下營造出一種特殊的溫馨氛圍。

Ekaterina was born in a noble reindeer herding family with 12 siblings, has been living and working closely with the family of her husband Dmitry since childhood.

葉卡捷琳娜出生在一個貴族馴鹿放牧家庭，家裡有 12 個兄弟姐妹，從小就與丈夫德米特里一家生活和工作在一起。

Living in a reindeer herding family means being prepared for anything, including staying alone in a tent.

在馴鹿放牧家庭生活意味著要做好一切準備，包括獨自住在帳篷裡。

Ekaterina must be ready for any situation.

葉卡捷琳娜必須做好應對任何情況的準備。

Preparing firewood and gathering ice in winter are daily tasks.

準備柴火和冬季拾冰是日常工作。

Ekaterina handles the washing, cooking and looking after the children and all the other tasks around the house.

葉卡捷琳娜負責洗衣、做飯、照看孩子以及家裡的所有其他工作。

A typical day for a woman in a reindeer herding family starts earlier and ends later than everyone else.

馴鹿放牧家庭婦女的一天通常比其他人開始得早，結束得晚。

Without the contribution of women, the life of reindeer herders would be unbearable.

如果沒有婦女的貢獻，馴鹿牧民的生活將不堪重負。

Being a woman in a reindeer herding family is demanding and officially recognized work.

作為馴鹿放牧家庭中的一名女性，她的工作要求很高，也得到了官方的認可。

Women receive a salary for their efforts, about $200 a month from the government, emphasizing the importance of their role in this traditional way of life.

婦女們的努力換來了政府每月約 200 美元的工資，這凸顯了她們在這種傳統生活方式中的重要作用。

Reindeer are integral to their culture, providing not only a source of food, but also materials for clothing, tools and transportation.

馴鹿是他們文化中不可或缺的一部分，不僅提供食物來源，還提供服裝、工具和運輸材料。

The herders can profit from reindeers in many ways, from the meat, skin and the antlers from which medicine and cosmetic products are made.

牧民可以通過多種方式從馴鹿身上獲利，包括馴鹿肉、馴鹿皮以及製作藥品和化妝品的鹿角。

One kilogram of antlers can sell for around $10, and a single reindeer could be worth up to $1500.

一公斤鹿角可以賣到 10 美元左右，一頭馴鹿可以賣到 1500 美元。

As part of their tradition, the reindeer herders also drink fresh reindeer blood, which is considered highly nutritious and a vital source of warmth and energy, especially during the cold winter months.

作為傳統的一部分，馴鹿牧民還飲用新鮮的馴鹿血，馴鹿血被認為營養豐富，是溫暖和能量的重要來源，尤其是在寒冷的冬季。

These practices have been developed over centuries, and respecting the cultural tradition of indigenous people is an essential part of our humanity.

這些習俗已經發展了幾個世紀，尊重土著人民的文化傳統是我們人類的重要組成部分。

As the family gathers for lunch, the tent fills with the comforting aroma of traditional food.

一家人聚在一起吃午飯時，帳篷裡瀰漫著傳統食物的香味，令人心曠神怡。

Yekaterina has prepared a feast – hearty reindeer stew, fresh warm bread, cold boiled fish and a traditional dish of reindeer stomach and a reindeer tongue.

葉卡捷琳娜準備了豐盛的宴席--豐盛的馴鹿燉肉、新鮮的熱麵包、涼拌水煮魚以及傳統的馴鹿胃和馴鹿舌。

The children eagerly reach for their favorite dishes while the adults savor the rich flavors.

孩子們迫不及待地拿起自己喜歡的菜餚，大人們則細細品味著濃郁的味道。

Every dish tastes like a heaven, especially after working hard outside and being in the fresh freezing air.

每道菜的味道都宛如天堂，尤其是在室外辛勤工作後，呼吸著新鮮冰冷的空氣。

During the school year, children often travel long distances to attend boarding schools.

在學年期間，孩子們經常長途跋涉去寄宿學校上學。

They ride snowmobiles or use sleds pulled by reindeer to reach the nearest town, a journey that can take up to 18 hours.

他們騎著雪地摩托或用馴鹿拉的雪橇到達最近的城鎮，旅途可能長達 18 個小時。

Once at boarding school, children stay for the entire school year, returning home only during holidays.

進入寄宿學校後，孩子們整個學年都在學校度過，只有在假期才會回家。

After a big lunch, the boys head outside to play games in the snow.

吃過豐盛的午餐後，孩子們到外面的雪地裡玩遊戲。

Yekaterina stays inside the tent, washing the dishes and tidying up, her mind already on the task for the evening.

葉卡捷琳娜待在帳篷裡，洗碗、收拾，一心撲在今晚的任務上。

From a young age, children are taught essential herding skills.

孩子們從小就學習基本的放牧技能。

They learn how to handle the reindeer, learn practical survival skills in the wilderness such as building shelters, starting fires and finding food.

他們學習如何駕馭馴鹿，學習野外實際生存技能，如搭建庇護所、生火和尋找食物。

After playing outside, the boys help gather more firewood, a crucial task for the family's survival in the cold climate.

在外面玩耍之後，男孩們幫助收集更多的木柴，這是他們一家在寒冷氣候中生存的關鍵任務。

Firewood is essential for cooking, warmth and even heating ice for showering.

木柴是做飯、取暖甚至加熱冰塊洗澡的必需品。

The boys work together, using their small axes to chop wood.

As evening approaches, the family checks the generator to ensure they have electricity to light the tent.

夜幕降臨時，一家人檢查發電機，以確保有電照明帳篷。

It often freezes in the harsh cold, so they use thick blankets to cover and insulate it.

在嚴寒中，它經常會結冰，所以他們用厚厚的毯子來覆蓋和隔熱。

Meanwhile, Esen has a task to gather snow for washing and cleaning.

與此同時，Esen 的任務是收集積雪，以便清洗和打掃。

He ventures deep into the forest to find the cleanest snow, filling a large bowl to bring back to the tent.

他深入森林尋找最乾淨的雪，裝滿一大碗帶回帳篷。

Back at the tent, the family begins preparing the evening meal, using ingredients they preserved earlier.

回到帳篷後，一家人開始用之前保存的食材準備晚餐。

Today's menu includes traditional delicacies, raw frozen fish, liver and fatty carp.

今天的菜單包括傳統美食、生凍魚、肝臟和肥鯉魚。

As night approaches, the boys are busily stocking firewood for the night.

夜幕降臨，孩子們忙著為晚上儲備柴火。

Finally, it's time to sit down and relax.

最後，是時候坐下來放鬆一下了。

The boys gather together and listen to the many interesting stories that 12-year-old

男孩們聚在一起，聽 12 歲的小男孩講述許多有趣的故事。

Esen eagerly shares from his life in the wilderness.

Esen 熱切地分享了他在荒野中的生活。

Around the world, people live in many different ways, yet certain values remain universal.

在世界各地，人們的生活方式千差萬別，但某些價值觀依然具有普遍性。

The Yachkov family, despite their remote and rugged lifestyle, embody these values.

儘管亞奇科夫一家的生活方式偏遠崎嶇，但他們卻體現了這些價值觀。

Far removed from modern conveniences, they find profound happiness in their daily lives.

他們遠離現代便利，卻在日常生活中找到了深刻的幸福感。

Their joy stems from the love and warmth they share, their deep connection to nature, and the simple pleasures like a shared meal or a song around the fire.

他們的快樂源於他們分享的愛和溫暖，源於他們與大自然的深厚聯繫，源於共同進餐或圍爐高歌等簡單的快樂。

 As the Yachkov family shows us, happiness is not about having everything, but is a spiritual

正如亞奇科夫一家向我們展示的那樣，幸福並不在於擁有一切，而是一種精神上的