So today I'm going to be giving you my take on how to do AJET style immersion when it comes to listening.

是以，今天我將向大家介紹如何在聆聽時進行 AJET 式沉浸。

So I like to break listening down into three different categories.

是以，我喜歡把聆聽抽成三個不同的類別。

We have active listening, partially active listening, and then passive listening.

我們有主動聆聽、部分主動聆聽和被動聆聽。

So active listening is when you're sitting down, you're listening to Japanese, and you're giving it your 100% undivided attention, trying your hardest to understand it the best you can.

是以，積極傾聽就是坐下來聽日語，全神貫注，盡最大努力去理解。

Then we have partially active listening, which is when you're listening, but you're also doing something at the same time.

然後是部分主動聆聽，即在聆聽的同時也在做一些事情。

Like maybe you're cooking or cleaning or walking somewhere or going to the bathroom and you are listening and you're following along and you still are paying attention, but you're doing something at the same time.

比如，你在做飯、打掃衛生、散步或上廁所，你在聽，你在跟讀，你仍然在專心聽，但你同時也在做一些事情。

Your attention is divided and it's not the same quality of attention as when you're doing active listening.

你的注意力被分散了，與積極傾聽時的注意力品質不同。

Then we have passive listening, which is when you have audio playing in the background, but you're not listening to it at all.

然後是被動收聽，即在背景中播放音頻，但你根本沒有在聽。

You're pretty much actively ignoring it, trying to do something else like reading a book or sleep.

你幾乎會主動忽略它，試圖做些別的事情，比如看書或睡覺。

Now, it's kind of common sense that you're going to get the most bang for your buck per minute from the active listening compared to the other forms of listening, just because the more you're engaged with something, the more you're going to get out of it.

按照常理，與其他聆聽方式相比，主動聆聽每分鐘能獲得最大的收益，因為你參與得越多，就能從中獲得越多。

But it's extremely crucial to not get lazy and to not think lightly of the partially active listening, because although you don't get quite as much of a bang for your to do the kind of listening throughout the day that it really starts to add up.

但至關重要的是，不要偷懶，也不要輕視部分主動聆聽，因為雖然你在一天中的聆聽並沒有那麼多的收穫，但它會真正開始累積起來。

You know, like you can do it all the time.

你知道，就像你可以一直這樣做一樣。

You can do it in the shower, as you're getting ready, as you're either in the car or, you know, on the bus.

你可以在洗澡的時候、做準備的時候、在車裡或者在公車上做。

Whenever you go to the bathroom, it's just there's so many times where you're not going to be able to sit down and actively listen, but you can do this partially active listening and it really starts to add up.

每當你去洗手間的時候，很多時候你都無法坐下來主動傾聽，但你可以做這種部分的主動傾聽，它真的會開始增加。

And so I would say that it's extremely crucial that you get serious about this.

是以，我想說的是，你們必須認真對待這件事。

Now, a lot of people are kind of skeptical when it comes to passive listening.

現在，很多人都對被動傾聽持懷疑態度。

Like, if it's only on the background, if you're not listening to it, is it really doing anything for you?

比如，如果只是在背景音樂中播放，如果你不聽它，它真的對你有幫助嗎？

Is it actually going to help you?

它真的能幫你嗎？

And this is a tricky subject.

這是一個棘手的問題。

You know, I don't have any definite answers, but I'll tell you my current thoughts.

我沒有確切的答案，但我可以告訴你我現在的想法。

There is the benefit of filling tiny, tiny cracks, because let's say that you're reading a book in Japanese and you have Japanese news playing in the background at a low volume.

填補微小的縫隙也有好處，比方說，你正在閱讀一本日文書籍，而背景音樂中播放的日本新聞音量很小。

And so when you're reading the book, yeah, you're actively ignoring it.

所以當你讀這本書的時候，是的，你會主動忽略它。

And so, of course, you're not going to be able to train your listening and reading at the same time.

是以，你當然無法同時進行聽力和閱讀訓練。

Yeah.

是啊

It's like if you're focusing on the reading, you're not even listening.

就好像你只顧著讀，根本沒在聽。

But say you stop to look up a word.

但是，如果你停下來查一個單詞。

And so there's like a few seconds where you're not reading because you're reaching for your phone or you're typing in the word as you look it up.

是以，有幾秒鐘的時間你沒有在閱讀，因為你在伸手拿手機，或者在查找時輸入單詞。

Those seconds could get filled with the Japanese that you have playing on in the background.

這幾秒鐘可能會被您播放的日語背景音樂填滿。

And so there's a lot of times of the day where you have little, little, little tiny cracks.

是以，在一天中的很多時間裡，你都會遇到一點點、一點點、一點點的小裂縫。

And if you just get in the habit of having Japanese on in the background all the time, it fills the cracks over a long span of time.

而且，如果你養成了一直在背景音樂中播放日語的習慣，那麼時間長了，日語就會填滿裂縫。

This could add up.

這可能會增加費用。

And I think this is similar to the listening while you sleep.

我認為這與睡眠時的聆聽類似。

Should you listen when you sleep?

睡覺時要不要聽？

Is it actually beneficial?

它真的有益嗎？

I mean, it's obviously questionable whether you can actually listen to language while you're in deep sleep, but there's a short period of time between when you close your eyes to fall asleep until you actually fall asleep that you can listen.

我的意思是，在深度睡眠中能否真正聽懂語言顯然是個問題，但從閉上眼睛準備入睡到真正入睡之間有一小段時間是可以聽的。

And there might be a period when you first wake up where you haven't jumped out of bed yet.

剛起床的時候，可能有一段時間你還沒有跳下床。

Or even if you do jump out of bed, you know, it's like as you're getting ready to go in the shower or getting ready, the Japanese is playing from the second that you wake up.

或者即使你跳下床，你知道，就像你準備去洗澡或做準備時，日語從你醒來的那一秒開始就在播放。

And so you're getting that many more moments of listening.

這樣，你就能獲得更多的聆聽時刻。

And there is definitely something to it from that point of view, but there's some people who just get easily distracted when things are in the background or they just can't fall asleep while there's audio playing in the background.

從這個角度來看，這肯定是有道理的，但有些人在背景音樂響起時很容易分心，或者在背景音樂響起時無法入睡。

So if you're that type of person, I would say, don't worry about it.

所以，如果你是這種人，我想說，別擔心。

Don't bother because it's going to harm you more than it's going to help you.

別費心了，因為它對你的傷害比對你的幫助更大。

Like I said, it can help you because it fills those cracks, but that's a kind of really minuscule kind of benefit.

就像我說的，它能幫你填補這些裂縫，但這只是一種微不足道的好處。

And if you're not being able to focus on the book that you're reading, if you're not able to fall asleep or you wake up in the middle of the night, and so it's hurting your quality of sleep, then definitely just forget it.

如果你無法集中精力看書，如果你無法入睡，或者半夜醒來，從而影響了你的睡眠品質，那就肯定要忘掉它。

Because being able to pay attention when you need to pay attention and being able to have good quality of sleep is by far what's most crucial.

因為在需要集中精力的時候能夠集中精力，並且擁有良好的睡眠品質，這才是最重要的。

And I also just want to put it out there that I'm open to the idea that this completely passive listening might do you more benefit than simply filling the little cracks.

我還想說的是，我願意接受這樣的觀點，即這種完全被動的傾聽可能比簡單地填補小縫隙更有益。

Because when you're sleeping, if you hear a loud noise, you'll wake up, right?

因為當你睡覺的時候，如果你聽到一聲巨響，你就會醒來，對嗎？

And so this is kind of proof that part of your mind is still listening to sound from the outside and filtering it and deciding, okay, is this sound worthy of waking up the person or not?

是以，這也證明了你大腦的一部分仍在聆聽來自外界的聲音，並對其進行過濾，然後決定：好吧，這個聲音是否值得喚醒這個人？

And if you think about it, right?

如果你仔細想想，對嗎？

Like if your mind was completely not listening to sounds from the outside, you wouldn't be able to wake up just from hearing a loud sound.

就像如果你的大腦完全聽不到外界的聲音，你就不會因為聽到一聲巨響而醒來。

And in a similar regard, when you're at a party and there is lots of people talking and there's a loud music playing and it's extremely noisy, when you're talking to someone, your mind kind of filters out all the other noise in the room and allows you to focus only on the voice of the person who you're talking to.

與此類似，當你在派對上，有很多人在哈拉，音樂聲很大，非常嘈雜，當你和某人交談時，你的大腦會過濾掉房間裡所有其他的噪音，讓你只專注於對方的聲音。

But if someone across the room called your name, you would probably notice that and turn your head.

但如果對面有人叫你的名字，你可能會注意到並轉過頭去。

It's a pretty common phenomenon.

這是一個相當普遍的現象。

And so when you think about what's actually must be going on here, part of your mind was listening to all the sound in the room and then filtering out what wasn't important so that you would be able to focus on the other person's speech.

是以，當你思考這裡到底發生了什麼事時，你的部分大腦正在聆聽房間裡的所有聲音，然後過濾掉不重要的聲音，這樣你就能專注於對方的講話。

But the fact that you were able to notice the moment that someone said your name shows that that part of your mind was listening to all the sound in the room the whole time.

但事實上，你能注意到有人叫出你名字的那一刻，說明你的那部分大腦一直在聆聽房間裡的所有聲音。

And then it decided that one piece of all that noise was important enough to conversation and have you notice.

然後它決定，在所有的噪音中，有一個片段很重要，足以讓你注意到它的對話。

So this just goes to show you that a part of your mind is listening all the time even when you aren't.

這就說明，即使你不在聽，你頭腦中的一部分也一直在聽。

And I think there might be a possibility that if you have Japanese on in the background all the time, especially if you already got the gears turning from doing the active listening and you got the gears turning even more from doing lots of the partially active listening, then maybe this passive listening would just keep the gears turning a little bit more just because that part of your mind is listening all the time and it's already engaged with the task of understanding Japanese.

我認為，如果你的背景音樂一直在播放日語，尤其是如果你已經在主動聽力的基礎上進行了齒輪轉動，並且在進行大量的部分主動聽力的基礎上進行了更多的齒輪轉動，那麼這種被動聽力就有可能使齒輪轉動得更快一些，因為你的大腦的那一部分一直在聽，並且已經投入到理解日語的任務中去了。

Just to explain what I mean when I say that the gears are turning, you know that phenomenon where maybe you're trying to solve a problem and you just can't think of a good answer and you go to sleep and wake up and suddenly you know exactly what to do.

為了解釋我說的 "齒輪在轉動 "是什麼意思，你知道那種現象，也許你正在試圖解決一個問題，但就是想不出好的答案，然後你就去睡覺了，醒來後你突然就知道該怎麼做了。

Or you're having a conversation and there's this word that's just on the tip of your tongue where you just can't think of what it is.

或者你在談話時，有一個詞就在你的舌尖上，你就是想不出它是什麼。

Then later when you're doing something completely different, suddenly the word pops into your head and you're like, oh yeah that's what it was.

後來，當你在做一件完全不同的事情時，這個詞突然出現在你的腦海中，你就會想，哦，對，就是這個詞。

So this just kind of shows you that similar to the listening, even if you're not engaged with consciously, your unconscious mind is still working on problems that are relevant to you all the time underneath the surface.

是以，這只是向你展示了一種類似於傾聽的方式，即使你沒有有意識地參與，你的無意識思維仍然在表面之下一直處理著與你相關的問題。

And so if learning Japanese is relevant to you, you spend hours each day listening to Japanese, trying to understand it, not understanding it, then that's kind of like a problem that your mind is going to try to solve, right?

是以，如果學習日語與你有關，你每天花幾個小時聽日語，試圖理解它，但又不理解它，那麼這就像是你的大腦試圖解決的一個問題，對嗎？

And so that's what I mean when I say the gears are turning is your mind has taken understanding Japanese as a problem to solve and I think that opens up the doors to allow the partially active and the passive listening to really make the process move on a little quicker.

是以，當我說齒輪正在轉動時，我的意思是你的大腦已經把理解日語作為一個要解決的問題，我認為這打開了一扇門，讓部分主動和被動的傾聽能夠真正使過程更快一些。

As for me personally, I started out doing that kind of massive passive listening, but once I started to actually understand the Japanese, it became just too distracting and I wouldn't be able to fall asleep if I was listening.

就我個人而言，我一開始也是這樣大量被動地聽，但當我開始真正聽懂日語後，這就變得太讓人分心了，聽著聽著就無法入睡。

I wouldn't be able to focus on what I was reading if I was listening, so I ended up mostly dropping it.

如果我在聽，我就無法集中精力閱讀，所以最後我基本上放棄了。

But I know that both Katsumoto and Brit vs Japan did this and got great results, so I'm pretty open to the idea that there's something to it.

但我知道勝本和英國人大戰日本都是這麼做的，而且取得了很好的效果，所以我很願意接受這種想法。

So just to summarize, you've got your active listening and your passive listening, and out of these three, active listening is by far the most important because without this, probably the gears won't be turning and you won't really make any progress with your listening skills.

是以，概括地說，你有主動傾聽和被動傾聽，而在這三者中，主動傾聽是最重要的，因為如果沒有主動傾聽，齒輪可能就不會轉動，你的傾聽技巧也不會有真正的進步。

But once you do have that active listening, then at least the partially active listening can really speed up your gains and really make a big difference.

但是，一旦你有了主動聆聽的能力，那麼至少部分主動聆聽可以真正加快你的收穫，並真正帶來巨大的不同。

So I would definitely put emphasis on trying to combine these two because they really have this kind of synergistic effect with each other.

是以，我一定會把重點放在嘗試把這兩者結合起來，因為它們確實有一種相互協同的效果。

And when it comes to the passive listening, I would say it's definitely better than nothing, but if you can't, no big deal.

說到被動傾聽，我想說肯定是聊勝於無，但如果你做不到，也沒什麼大不了的。

So one other thing I want to talk about is music.

我還想談談音樂。

So Katsumoto recommended that you should definitely listen to music a lot in the language.

是以，Katsumoto 建議大家一定要多聽語言音樂。

He really made it sound as if listening to music was just as useful as listening to podcasts or the news or the audio from anime, and I don't think this is true at all.

他說得好像聽音樂和聽播客、新聞或動漫音頻一樣有用，而我認為事實並非如此。

I think listening to music in the language is more similar to how Katsumoto said he used to eat cake with chopsticks.

我覺得用語言聽音樂更類似於勝元說他以前用筷子吃蛋糕的方式。

Just kind of gets you in the mindset of, I'm Japanese, I'm part of Japanese culture, and there is a lot of benefit that comes from that.

我是日本人，我是日本文化的一部分，這樣的心態會讓你受益匪淺。

It is really important to kind of have an affinity with the language to really, you know, get into the mindset of that you're almost like a spy making your way into the other culture.

對語言有親和力真的很重要，你知道，要真正進入一種你幾乎就像一個間諜正在進入另一種文化的心態。

But let's be real, listening to music is not nearly as beneficial as listening to actual spoken audio in the language.

但實事求是地說，聽音樂遠不如聽實際的語言口語有益。

The way that people sing and rap in Japanese is nothing like the way that people actually speak.

人們用日語唱歌和說唱的方式與實際說話的方式完全不同。

Not to mention that most of the time when you're not even really paying that close attention to the lyrics, you're kind of just jamming out.

更不用說，大多數時候你甚至都沒怎麼注意歌詞，你只是在盡情地演奏。

So my conclusion when it comes to music is, just like the passive listening, it's definitely better than nothing.

是以，說到音樂，我的結論是，就像被動聆聽一樣，肯定聊勝於無。

If you're going to choose between either listening to an English podcast or a Japanese song, I would definitely choose the Japanese song.

如果要在聽英語播客和日語歌曲之間做出選擇，我肯定會選擇日語歌曲。

And it's great to listen to Japanese music every once in a while because you get that cultural affinity aspect I was talking about before, but if you want to make maximum gains, then you got to listen to actual spoken Japanese.

偶爾聽聽日本音樂也很好，因為你可以獲得我之前說過的文化親和力，但如果你想獲得最大收益，那你就必須聽真正的日語口語。

Now let's talk about some of the more technical details when it comes to how to actually do this listening.

現在，讓我們來談談如何進行實際監聽的一些技術細節。

So when it comes to the partially active listening and a lot of the passive listening, I highly recommend getting a separate MP3 player that's not your phone.

是以，說到部分主動聆聽和大量被動聆聽，我強烈建議你買一個獨立的 MP3 播放器，而不是你的手機。

I've been using this 6th generation iPod Nano for like five years now and it works great, especially because it's small like an iPod Shuffle and it has the clips like the iPod Shuffle, but it also has a touchscreen so you can actually change the settings and go on and stuff.

我用這臺第六代 iPod Nano 已經有五年了，它非常好用，尤其是因為它小巧得像 iPod Shuffle，有像 iPod Shuffle 一樣的夾子，但它還有一個觸摸屏，這樣你就可以更改設置並繼續使用。

But it doesn't have to be an iPod.

但不一定非得是 iPod。

You could probably get this pretty cheap on eBay, but there's probably ones that are way cheaper that works just as well.

你也許可以在 eBay 上買到非常便宜的這個，但也許還有更便宜的，效果也一樣好。

Now the main reason that you want to use a separate MP3 player like this is that it makes listening extremely effortless.

現在，你想使用這樣的獨立 MP3 播放器的主要原因是，它能讓聽歌變得非常輕鬆。

Now what I do is every day as soon as I get out of the shower and put my clothes on, I grab my iPod, I stick my headphones in, I start it playing, and then I go like this.

現在，我每天一洗完澡，穿上衣服，就拿起 iPod，戴上耳機，開始播放，然後像這樣做。

I stick it into my shirt, leave these headphones dangling out like this, I put the iPod in my pocket and I leave it playing all day.

我把它塞進襯衫裡，讓耳機像這樣掛在外面，我把 iPod 放進口袋，讓它播放一整天。

I never pause it.

我從不暫停。

And whenever I have a moment, I just take a headphone and I pop it in and I listen even if it's only for 10 seconds, 30 seconds, and I never pause it.

只要有時間，我就會戴上耳機聽，哪怕只有 10 秒鐘、30 秒鐘，我也從不暫停。

And so it makes listening extremely effortless.

是以，聽起來非常輕鬆。

All you have to do is take your hand, grab the headphone, and put it in.

你只需用手抓住耳機，然後把它放進去。

That's it.

就是這樣。

There's no taking your phone out, like messing with the settings, getting to the music app, waiting for it to load, sticking it in.

不需要把手機拿出來，比如搞亂設置，進入音樂應用程序，等待加載，再把它插進去。

Plus it's just annoying to have your headphones plugged into this big device when it's in your pocket.

另外，把耳機插在這個大設備上，放在口袋裡也很煩人。

It'll get pulled around.

它會被拉來拉去。

If someone calls you, the audio is going to stop playing and you're going to have to reset it later.

如果有人給你打電話，音頻就會停止播放，你必須稍後重新設置。

Plus also if it's much more tempting to listen to things that aren't your Japanese immersion, to listen to more music, to listen to something in English.

另外，如果聽的不是日語，聽更多的音樂，聽英語，也會更有誘惑力。

The easier something is, the more likely it is you're going to do it.

越簡單的事情，你就越有可能去做。

So it's very important to make this listening as easy as humanly possible, and I am convinced that this is the way to do it.

是以，儘可能簡化聆聽過程是非常重要的，我深信這就是辦法。

Now when it comes to the sheerly passive listening, another possible strategy is getting a separate computer just for listening and having the Japanese TV running like 24 hours a day and never pausing it.

說到純粹的被動收聽，另一個可行的策略是單獨買一臺電腦專門用於收聽，讓日本電視 24 小時不停地播放，從不暫停。

The key is to never pause because that's what makes it so effortless.

關鍵是永遠不要停頓，因為這樣才會毫不費力。

You have to go and turn it on every time.

你必須每次都去打開它。

It's a lot more likely that you're going to start skipping out on it.

這樣你就更有可能開始跳過它。

Now last, I want to talk about what you should actually be listening to.

最後，我想談談你應該聽什麼。

Now the only real guideline is by natives for natives.

現在，唯一真正的準則是由本地人為本地人制定的。

As long as it's real Japanese, anything is fine.

只要是真正的日語，什麼都可以。

But there's a couple things you want to take into account.

但有幾件事你要考慮到。

So obviously the closer it is to your level, the more you're going to benefit from it.

是以，顯然越接近你的水準，你就越能從中受益。

If it's just so hard that it's complete gibberish, that's not as useful.

如果太難了，以至於完全是胡言亂語，那就沒什麼用了。

Also when it comes to the partially active listening and the passive listening, it's much more useful to listen to that you've already actively listened to in the past.

另外，說到部分主動聆聽和被動聆聽，聆聽過去已經主動聆聽過的內容會更有用。

And this is because even if you're not paying that much attention because you know you're doing something else like cooking or cleaning, since you've already listened to it once, you already know what's going on in the show.

這是因為，即使你因為知道自己在做飯或打掃衛生等其他事情而沒有那麼關注，但由於你已經聽過一次，你已經知道節目中發生了什麼。

And so even if you miss a few minutes or you put it in right in the middle of a show, you'll know exactly what's going on.

是以，即使你錯過了幾分鐘，或者在節目進行到一半時播放，你也能清楚地知道發生了什麼。

And there's also the benefit of if you're listening to the audio from a show that you've watched, just from listening to the audio, you can kind of see the show in your mind's eye and it's almost like you're watching the show a second time.

還有一個好處是，如果你聽的是你看過的節目的音頻，那麼僅僅通過聽音頻，你就能在腦海中看到該節目，這幾乎就像是你在第二次觀看該節目。

And so I find it actually extremely entertaining to listen to shows that you've already seen once before.

是以，我覺得聽那些你已經看過一次的節目其實非常有趣。

And this is extra beneficial if you're a beginner who can't understand that much yet, because that way, even if you don't understand very much of the Japanese, just from the sound effects and stuff, you'll be able to tell what scene it is in the show.

如果你是一個還不太懂日語的初學者，這樣做會特別有好處，因為這樣一來，即使你不太懂日語，僅從聲音效果和其他方面，你也能分辨出節目中的場景。

And so you can still have a basic gist of what's going on, even if you can't understand the actual Japanese.

這樣，即使你聽不懂日語，也能大致瞭解發生了什麼。