Today, we're going to look at five expressions that use the word "RUN" and

今天我們將談到5種使用「Run」的措辭，以及...

look at the meaning of the expressions as well as some sentences that use them.

詞義與一些例句

So we're going to look at the meanings and some context for each one. A lot of these are phrasal verbs,

所以，我們將分別介紹這些文字的意義，大部分都是片語動詞。

so let's have a look, and we'll start with the first one, which is "run into".

我們從第一個開始，「巧遇」

So the sentence says, "I ran into my cousin on the bus." Now, again, you can "run into"

例句說「我在公車上撞見我表弟」，現在照樣造句，你可以「巧遇」

someone or something. But specifically, when you "run into someone", this means that you

某人或某物。但明確地說，當你用"run into someone"，意指你

meet them by accident. Okay? So to "run into" is to meet by accident. Now, what I mean when

巧遇某些人，懂嗎? 所以"run into"是巧遇。現在

I say "by accident" is you were not expecting to see this person. So if you run into a person

當我說"by accident"是說你本來沒預期會看到這個人。如果你在公車上巧遇一個人

on the bus, it's like, "Oh, hey! I didn't expect to see you here." You can run into

意思就像「喔! 你好，我沒料到在這遇到你」 你可以在任何地方巧遇人

people everywhere. We do this all the time in our lives. If you are shopping at the grocery

我們生活中常常碰到。如果你在雜貨店購物

store, maybe you run into your sister, your brother, your mother, a friend, a classmate.

也許你巧遇你姊姊，哥哥，媽媽，朋友，同學

So think of places that you can meet people unexpectedly, by accident. You can run into

所以想一些你可能巧遇他人的地方。你可以在捷運巧遇

people on the metro, the subway, the train, the bus -- anywhere in public. And you can

地鐵、火車、公車，任何公眾場合，然後你可以

-- again, you can use this in the past tense, in the present tense, in the future. The future

你可以用過去式、現在式、未來式。未來式

is a little weird. It's like -- you could say, "I hope to run into you there at the

有點特別。就像...舉例而言，你可以說「我希望在音樂會遇到你」

concert" for example. Okay?

瞭嗎?

The next one says "to run out of something." So the "s/t" means "something". Now, the sentence

下一個要說的是「耗盡某物」，所以 s/t意旨"something"，現在這個句子

is, "We're running out of juice." So if you live with someone, whether you're married

是「我們果汁要喝完了」，如果你跟某人一起住，不管你結婚與否

or you have a roommate, and you look in the refrigerator and you see the juice is almost

或你有室友，你往冰箱一看，你會看到果汁幾乎沒了

finished -- so if you "run out of something", it means that you use it until there is no

所以你"run out of something"意旨你使用一個東西直到一滴不剩

more left. You have finished all of it. So to "run out of something" -- "to use until

你已經用完它，所以"run out of something"是指"耗盡"

finished". Now, I used the example of juice because this is an expression that is commonly

現在我以果汁為例子是因為這個措辭常

used with food items in your refrigerator. So you can say, "We ran out of milk", or "we

用在你冰箱裡的食品，所以你可以說，「我們牛奶喝完了」或

ran out of bread." We ran out of juice." A very common thing that we run out of is gas

「我們麵包吃完了」，「我們喝完果汁」，另一個非常普遍的東西，我們車子的油用完了

in your car as well. So you can say, "I'm running out of gas." Or you can also be "out

所以你可以說「我的汽油要用完了」，或你也可說

of something". So you can also say, "We are out of gas", or "We are out of juice." "We

「某物沒了」， 所以舉例來說，你也可以說「我們沒油了」，「我們沒果汁了」，

are out of milk", for example.

「我們沒牛奶了」

Okay. "To run behind." So the sentence says, "Sorry. I'm running a little behind." Now,

好，「落後」，這句子說「對不起，我稍微耽擱了」，現在

what do you think of when you think of "running behind"? Okay. You're not with the person

你覺得你甚麼時候會覺得「落後」? 好，你不是跟前方的人在一起

in front of you; you are behind them. So if you're "running behind", essentially, you

你是在他們後面，所以如果你是「在後面跑」, 實際上，你

are "running late", so you're not on schedule. Okay? So "to run behind", "to not be on schedule"

是「落後」，你沒有跟上預定的行程，瞭嗎? 所以"to run behind", 跟「沒跟上預定計畫的行程」

-- essentially, "to be late". You know, if you have a meeting with a friend and you call

基本上是指「遲到、落後」，你知道的，如果你有一個與朋友的會議，然後你打電話給他們

them and you say, "Sorry. I'm running a little behind", this means, "Something happened to

你說「對不起，我稍微耽擱了」，這是指「某些事發生，導致

make me late, and I'm going to be five minutes late -- ten minutes late." And you can even

我遲到，我可能會遲到5分鐘、十分鐘」，然後你甚至可以

give a time for how long you're running behind. So you could say, "Sorry. I'm running behind

加上時間說你會遲到多久，所以你可以說「對不起，我會遲到

by ten minutes", or "I'm running behind by five minutes." Something like that. Okay?

十分鐘」或「我會遲到五分鐘」，類似這樣，可以嗎?

The next one is "to run against someone or something". The sentence says, "Obama ran

下一個是「與某人或某事競爭」，這句說「Obama...

against McCain in 2008." So we're talking about a presidential election that occurred

在2008年和McCain競選」 所以當我們在說政治的總統選舉

in politics. And what do you think this means? If you know anything about the presidential

你覺得這是甚麼意思? 如果你稍微瞭解美國總統大選

elections in the United States, that Obama was in opposition to John McCain in 2008.

2008選舉時，Obama跟John McCain是對立的

So they were running against each other like a race. So to "run against someone" means

所以他們在跟對方競爭，就像賽跑一樣，所以說“run against someone" 意指

to be in opposition to them. Now, this is an expression that is very specific to politics.

對抗他們。現在這特別用來表達政治立場

So you can say, "Hey, who is he? Or who is she running against in the next election?"

所以你可以說「嗨，他或她下次的競選對手是誰？」

So one more time, it means "to be in opposition. Sorry for my B there. It's a little fancy.

所以再一次，它意指「在相反立場」，對不起我的Ｂ寫得有點潦草。

Now, again, you can also "run against something", specifically, I think of the word "time".

你也可以說「與某物競賽」，明確地說，我想到「時間」這個字

I say, "I'm running against time." You know, time is always going to win, and if you're

我可以說，「我和時間賽跑」 你知道時間總是跑得比較快，如果你正在...

doing a project, you could say, "I'm running against the clock. I'm running against time.

做一個專案，你可以說「我與時鐘賽跑，我與時間賽跑」

I'm in opposition to time or the clock." Okay?

我與時間或時鐘對抗，懂嗎？

The last one is "to run something by someone". So the example sentence says, "Could you run

最後一個是「告訴某人某件事」, 例句說「請問你可以先告訴

this by Mark first?" Now, if you have an idea for a presentation, for example, if you're

Mark這件事嗎？」現在，例如你想表達一個想法，如果你

working in a group and you're talking with one of your partners and there's a third partner

在一個團隊工作，然後你跟其中一個夥伴討論，而另外還有第三個夥伴

in the group, but the third partner is not here right now, and you talk about, you know,

在團隊，但是這第三位夥伴現在不在現場，而你正在

an idea with your partner and you say, "Okay. This sounds like a good idea. However, I want

跟同伴說你的想法，然後你說「好，這聽起來很棒，然而我想

to get Mark's opinion on this idea first, our third partner who is not here." So if

先聽聽看Mark的想法，我們第三個夥伴不在這裡」所以

you "run something" -- the "something" is usually an idea, okay? If you "run something

當你”run something" -- "something"通常指一個想法，如果你”run something

by someone", it means that you're telling someone something to get their opinion. So

by someone"，這是指你正在跟某人敘述某件事，以徵詢他們的意見。

you say, like, "Okay. This sounds good, but I want to run it by this person first because

例如你說「好，這聽起來很讚，但是我想先告知這個人，因為

they need to know, and I want their opinion on this subject." Okay? So "to run something

他們需要知道，我想徵詢他們對這件事的看法」所以”to run something

by someone" -- "to tell someone something to get their opinion".

by someone"--意指「告訴某人某件事以徵詢他們的意見」

Now, you can also use this expression if you're, like, surprised at the news that someone gives

當某人告訴你驚人的消息時，你無法全然相信

you and you don't believe them 100 percent. So if someone says something shocking and

你也可以用這個措辭。當某人說了驚人的事情，然後

you say, "Whoa. Could you run that by me again?" Okay? So this means, "Could you tell me that

你說「哇....你可以再跟我敘述一次嗎？」，所以這個意思是「你可以

one more time because I didn't understand. I don't believe you." Sometimes, you weren't

再跟我說明一次嗎？因為我不太懂，也難以相信」，有時候你走神

listening, so you can say, "Sorry. I wasn't paying attention. Could you run that by me

沒聽見，你可以說「對不起，我恍神了，可以再跟我說

again?" Okay?

一遍嗎？」懂嗎？

All right, guys. So from the top, we've "run into". "To run into" means to meet someone

好的，各位。從最上面開始，我們談到「巧遇」，巧遇意指在公共場合無預期地

unexpectedly or by accident in public. "To run out of something" is to use all of something

碰到某一個人。「用盡某物」 用於形容任何

until it is finished, until there is nothing left. And one more quick note, you can also

被用完為止，直到一滴不剩。再告訴各位，你也可以

run out of abstract things. So you can say, "I am running out of patience", or "I ran

用完抽象的事物，例如「我快沒耐性了」或著

out of patience." "To run behind" is to not be on schedule, to be a little late. "To run

「我沒耐性了」。「落後」是指沒趕上行程，稍微遲到。

against someone" is to be in opposition to someone in politics or also to be in opposition

「與某人競爭」指與某人政治立場不同或著也可以說與

to something like time or the clock. And finally, "to run something by someone" is to tell someone

某事物競賽，例如時間、時鐘。最後，「告訴某人某事」意指告訴某人

your idea or something to get their opinion on it because you're not sure 100 percent,

你的想法或是某件事，以徵求他人的意見。因為你對自己的看法不是100％肯定。

you know, how they're going to feel.

藉此知道他人的想法。

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