A name is a very powerful thing.

名字是一個非常強大的東西。

A name can really shape your identity and determine how you live your life.

名字可以真正塑造你的身份，決定你的生活方式。

In my case, the name Alistair is a Scottish version of the name Alexander, the Greek name

就我而言，阿利斯泰爾這個名字是亞歷山大這個希臘名字的蘇格蘭版本。

Alexander, which means defender of men, protector of people.

亞歷山大，意為人類的捍衛者、人民的保護者。

And my middle name, Khaupalelui, is a Tswana name that means invincible, too strong to be defeated.

我的中間名 "Khaupalelui "是一個茨瓦納名字，意思是無敵的，強大得無法被打敗。

And my surname, Mukwena, comes from the Tswana word, kwena, for crocodile, which is a surname given to the Bakwena clan, the people of the crocodile.

我的姓氏 "Mukwena "來自茨瓦納語 "kwena"，意為 "鱷魚"，這是巴克維納部族的姓氏，也就是 "鱷魚之民 "的姓氏。

And legend has it that these strong animals used to stand on the riverbanks and help the

傳說中，這些強壯的動物曾經站在河岸上幫助

Bakwena people cross rivers.

巴克維納人跨越河流。

Now with these kind of names, my purpose was sealed for me.

現在，有了這樣的名字，我的目標也就確定了。

I've never struggled to understand my purpose and my reason for existence.

我從未糾結於如何理解自己的目標和存在的理由。

I exist because of other people.

我因他人而存在。

The connective tissue that brings us all together as a people is love for each other, respect for each other.

讓我們民族凝聚在一起的紐帶是相互關愛、相互尊重。

This notion of live and let live.

這種 "活著，讓生活繼續 "的觀念。

Now many of us are students of economics who have become quite familiar with the concept of scarcity, but we do have an opportunity today to rewrite that and live a life of abundance and believe in abundance and believe that there's indeed enough for all of us.

現在，我們中的許多人都是經濟學專業的學生，對 "稀缺 "這一概念已相當熟悉，但我們今天確實有機會改寫這一概念，過上富足的生活，相信富足，相信我們每個人都有足夠的財富。

For us to do away with inequality and any kind of inequity, we have to create space for other people to thrive.

我們要消除不平等和任何形式的不公平，就必須為其他人創造繁榮發展的空間。

That's my life purpose.

這就是我的人生目標。

That's where my joy comes from.

這就是我快樂的源泉。

When a famous English poet and the dean of St. Paul Cathedral in London wrote a poem called Us Not For Whom The Bell Tolls, It Tolls For Thee, what James Dorn was trying to remind us of is that Aristotle pointed out the distinction between moment to moment pleasure versus deeper satisfaction.

英國著名詩人、倫敦聖保羅大教堂院長詹姆斯-多恩（James Dorn）寫了一首詩，名為 "鐘聲不是為誰而鳴，而是為你而鳴"（Us Not For Whom The Bell Tolls, It Tolls For Thee），他想提醒我們的是，亞里士多德指出了當下的快樂與更深層次的滿足之間的區別。

Deeper satisfaction comes from a life well lived.

更深層次的滿足感來自於美好的生活。

A life well lived comes from not feeling good, but doing good.

美好的生活不是源於感覺良好，而是源於行善積德。

This notion that it's not about you, it's about being each other's keepers.

這不是關於你自己，而是關於成為彼此的守護者。

It's about being concerned about the welfare of everybody around us.

這就是關心我們周圍每個人的福祉。

It's about understanding that we have to champion diversity, equity and inclusion, that we have to practice inclusive growth, that everything that we do must serve and feel and manifest like a tide that lifts all boats.

我們要明白，我們必須倡導多樣性、公平性和包容性，我們必須踐行包容性增長，我們所做的一切都必須服務於、感受到並體現出百舸爭流的態勢。

When I was a young boy growing up in Pretoria, everybody around me was a teacher.

當我還是一個在比勒陀利亞長大的小男孩時，我周圍的每個人都是老師。

I was surrounded by teachers.

我周圍都是老師。

My father was a teacher, my mother was a teacher, my grandparents were teachers, my aunts and uncles were teachers, my neighbors were teachers.

我父親是老師，我母親是老師，我的祖父母是老師，我的叔叔阿姨是老師，我的鄰居也是老師。

The last thing I wanted to do was to be a teacher because all they did was work.

我最不想做的事就是當老師，因為他們只知道工作。

They would teach during the day, they would prepare lectures at night.

他們白天上課，晚上備課。

If they were not marking tests, assignments, they would be marking exams during our holidays.

如果他們不批改測試和作業，他們就會在我們放假期間批改考試。

Or even worse, they'd be studying further.

更糟糕的是，他們還要繼續深造。

And they kept telling me that you have to be a student of life and a student for life.

他們一直告訴我，你必須成為生活的學生和終身的學生。

And I said, what does that mean?

我說，那是什麼意思？

Student of life is participate in life, suspend judgment, be a sponge, absorb it all.

生活的學生就是參與生活，暫停判斷，做一塊海綿，吸收一切。

Student for life, never stop learning.

終身學習，永不止步。

Continuous development is a responsibility we have to each other.

持續發展是我們彼此的責任。

The duty of care that we have to create a much better world for each other requires us to be the well that feeds other people.

我們有責任為彼此創造一個更加美好的世界，這就要求我們成為哺育他人的水井。

Now, a well should not run dry, so you can't pour from an empty cup.

現在，一口井不應該乾涸，所以你不能從一個空杯子裡倒水。

Hence the notion to constantly pour and learn so that you can impart your knowledge to other people.

是以，我們需要不斷地學習，以便將自己的知識傳授給他人。

I thought that was interesting.

我覺得這很有趣。

But what struck me was how they spoke about their students and their learners.

但令我印象深刻的是，他們是如何談論他們的學生和學習者的。

They call them our children.

他們稱他們為我們的孩子。

So I said to my mother, we're your children.

所以我對母親說，我們是你的孩子。

What do you mean these are your children?

你說這些是你的孩子是什麼意思？

And she said to me, it takes a village to raise a child.

她對我說，養育一個孩子需要一個村莊。

All of us have a land, have a hand to land, have a responsibility to support the development of other people.

我們每個人都有自己的土地，對土地都有責任，都有義務支持他人的發展。

And we have to impart knowledge to those that seek it.

我們必須向那些尋求知識的人傳授知識。

And we have to capacitate the next generation to really seize the day.

我們必須讓下一代有能力真正抓住這一天。

And those words stayed in my head for a long time.

這些話在我腦海中停留了很久。

And when my father's teaching career came to an end, he became an entrepreneur.

父親的教學生涯結束後，他成為了一名企業家。

And knowing how tough entrepreneurship can be, I asked him, Daddy, why do you want to be an entrepreneur?

我知道創業有多艱難，就問他，爸爸，你為什麼想當企業家？

He said, look around you.

他說，看看你周圍。

There is so much poverty and unemployment.

貧困和失業現象非常嚴重。

Somebody has to create jobs.

總得有人創造就業機會。

So he started a licensed restaurant and a pub in Pretoria so that the people of Harangua north of Pretoria could have a decent place to hang out and to come together and socialize and connect with each other.

於是，他在比勒陀利亞開了一家有執照的餐館和酒館，這樣比勒陀利亞北部哈蘭加的人們就可以有一個像樣的地方來閒逛、聚會、社交和相互聯繫。

But also so that they wouldn't have to put up with being harassed by the police for drinking in illegal shebeens.

這樣，他們就不會因為在非法小酒館喝酒而受到警察的騷擾。

So he saw a gap, and he cared deeply about bringing people together in a way that lifted the social experience of people in our community, that he went and did this, despite how tough the economic environment was, despite how tough the trading environment was, because he decided to care about a need that propelled him to do what he needed to do.

是以，他看到了差距，他非常關心如何將人們聚集在一起，以提升我們社區人們的社會體驗。儘管經濟環境多麼嚴峻，儘管貿易環境多麼艱難，他還是去做了這件事，因為他決定關心一種需求，這種需求推動他去做他需要做的事情。

And that was another lesson for me.

這又給我上了一課。

And then my brothers and I were shipped to boarding school.

然後，我和哥哥們被送到寄宿學校。

When I arrived at boarding school, I found that seniors were making juniors wash their sneakers as some form of initiation.

當我來到寄宿學校時，我發現高年級學生讓低年級學生洗他們的運動鞋，作為某種形式的入會儀式。

And luckily for me, the initiation didn't last very long.

幸運的是，我的入會時間並不長。

But when the initiation ended, the need for clean sneakers didn't die.

但當入會儀式結束後，人們對乾淨運動鞋的需求並沒有消失。

That was a business opportunity.

這是一個商機。

So I very quickly turned this lemon into lemonade and started a sneaker washing business in boarding school with very little overheads, the sun and water and a scrubbing brush.

於是，我很快就把這個檸檬變成了檸檬水，在寄宿學校裡做起了洗球鞋的生意，開銷很小，只有陽光、水和一把刷子。

Made some nice pocket money.

賺了不少零花錢

Incidentally, this was in the 80s when MC Hammer was a big trend and a big favorite of ours.

順便提一下，那是上世紀 80 年代，MC Hammer 風靡一時，也是我們的最愛。

He was a big rapper that we all loved, made famous by his song, Can't Touch This.

他是我們大家都喜歡的說唱歌手，因一首《Can't Touch This》而出名。

And his famous MC Hammer pants.

還有他那著名的 MC Hammer 褲子。

We were all excited about immersing ourselves into this very alluring American culture.

我們都為能沉浸在這種極具誘惑力的美國文化中而興奮不已。

But we decided to own the culture and Africanize it.

但我們決定擁有這種文化，並將其非洲化。

So my friends and I decided that we will make our own African version of MC Hammer diaper pants.

是以，我和朋友們決定，我們要自己製作非洲版的 MC Hammer 尿褲。

So one of my friends, Gilbert, he had inherited an old sewing machine from his mom because when he left for boarding school, she gave him a sewing machine and said, you are now your own seamstress.

我有個朋友叫吉爾伯特，他從媽媽那裡繼承了一臺舊縫紉機，因為他去寄宿學校的時候，媽媽給了他一臺縫紉機，並說，你現在是自己的裁縫了。

So we took the sewing machine, bought lots of material, personalized diaper pants, did a roaring trade, and it was lots of fun.

於是，我們拿著縫紉機，買了很多材料，做起了個性化尿布褲，做得熱火朝天，樂趣無窮。

But what we did there was we taught the youth in our school that as much as it's great to be inspired by foreign culture, own it, localize it, and don't lose who you are.

但我們在那裡所做的，是教導我們學校的年輕人，受到外國文化的啟發固然很好，但也要擁有它，將其本土化，不要迷失自己。

And then I arrived at university in the early 90s at the dawn of South Africa's democracy.

上世紀 90 年代初，在南非民主的曙光中，我來到了大學。

I arrived at a predominantly white university where I found that the entertainment landscape didn't cater for all music tastes.

我來到一所以白人為主的大學，發現這裡的娛樂環境並不能滿足所有的音樂口味。

And it was quite disappointing.

結果令人大失所望。

We would go to a party, very diverse, we were great in diversity, but we lacked inclusion.

我們會去參加一個派對，非常多元化，我們在多元化方面做得很好，但我們缺乏包容性。

So my friends and I could not be deterred.

是以，我和我的朋友們沒有被嚇倒。

We couldn't pass up an opportunity to turn lemonade, I mean, lemons into more lemonade.

我們不能錯過把檸檬水，我是說把檸檬變成更多檸檬水的機會。

So we started an entertainment business that created an equitable and inclusive entertainment offering for our students.

是以，我們創辦了一家娛樂企業，為學生提供公平、包容的娛樂服務。

We brought students together.

我們把學生們聚集在一起。

We drove inclusivity.

我們推動包容性。

We lifted the average experience of campus life.

我們提升了校園生活的平均體驗。

And that was lots of fun.

這很有趣。

And then I started thinking about planning for my career.

然後，我開始考慮規劃我的職業生涯。

I'm now at the end of university, and I took a leaf out of the life of Andrew Carnegie.

我現在大學畢業了，我從安德魯-卡內基（Andrew Carnegie）的生活中汲取了靈感。

Andrew Carnegie is a famous Scottish-American steel industrialist who in his heyday was the wealthiest man in the world, but also the biggest philanthropist in America and the British Kingdom.

安德魯-卡內基是著名的蘇格蘭裔美國鋼鐵實業家，全盛時期是世界上最富有的人，同時也是美國和英國最大的慈善家。

When he died, they found a piece of paper where he had written the following words, spend the first third of your life accumulating as much education as possible.

他死後，人們發現了一張紙，上面寫著 "用你生命的前三分之一儘可能多地積累教育"。

Spend the second third of your life making as much money as possible.

在人生的後三分之一時間裡，儘可能多地賺錢。

And the last third of your life, give it all away to a worthy cause.

在人生的最後三分之一時間裡，把所有的錢都捐給有意義的事業。

So armed with this, I started planning my career 27 years ago.

是以，我在 27 年前就開始規劃自己的職業生涯。

I made a vow to myself that I would dedicate the first half of my career to accumulating as much knowledge, education, resources as possible, and that I would spend the second half of my career giving it all back for the betterment of society.

我對自己發過誓，要在職業生涯的前半段儘可能多地積累知識、教育和資源，而在職業生涯的後半段，我將把這些知識、教育和資源回饋給社會。

So in June this year, at the age of 48, I retired from corporate life.

是以，今年 6 月，48 歲的我從公司退休。

I walked away from what I thought was the best job in the world to become a teacher, the thing that I didn't want to be, to speak on global stages, to write books.

我離開了我認為是世界上最好的工作，成為了一名教師，這是我不想做的事情，在全球舞臺上演講，寫書。

I wrote a book on self-mastery and to solve problems in society that I care deeply about.

我寫書是為了自我超越，也是為了解決我所關心的社會問題。

I started an education fund across a few South African universities to help students that are deserving but are unable to meet their financial obligations.

我在南非的幾所大學設立了一個教育基金，以幫助那些值得幫助卻無力承擔經濟責任的學生。

And I'm a few months away from finishing my second doctorate because, you know, you can't pour for an empty cup.

我還有幾個月就要完成我的第二個博士學位了，因為，你知道，你不能為一個空杯子倒水。

And if I can have the privilege of an education, it is my responsibility to ensure that I bring others with me and open doors for them.

如果我能有幸接受教育，我就有責任確保帶動其他人，為他們敞開大門。

So having tasted the freedom of pursuing a life of purpose and doing that which I care about, I now know that I didn't walk away from the best job in the world.

是以，在品嚐了追求有目標的生活和做自己關心的事情的自由之後，我現在知道，我並沒有離開世界上最好的工作。

I was being prepared for the best job in the world, which is being a teacher.

我正在為世界上最好的工作做準備，那就是當一名教師。

So my prayer for you tonight is that you will find the freedom to pursue a life of purpose and that purpose may be your daily lived experience.

所以，今晚我為你們祈禱，希望你們能找到追求有目標生活的自由，而這種目標可能就是你們每天的生活體驗。

Thank you.

謝謝。