I mean, this is how we all rode in the 80s and 90s.

我的意思是，在上世紀八九十年代，我們都是這樣騎車的。

Hard boots were common, boards and bindings were generally stiffer, stances were tighter and posi posi was the standard.

硬靴很常見，滑板和捆綁裝置普遍更硬，站姿更緊湊，posi posi 是標準配置。

Now there has been a bit of a resurgence lately.

最近，這種現象又有所抬頭。

I'm seeing more people riding in this style on wider boards with stiffer interfaces.

我看到越來越多的人使用這種風格的寬板和更硬的接口。

What I'm not seeing, though, is the expertise.

不過，我沒有看到的是專業知識。

The riders who can consistently carve steep, fast, black diamond runs in soft boots with power and style, leaving only a pencil line track behind them.

那些穿著軟靴就能始終如一地在陡峭、快速的黑鑽石跑道上馳騁的車手，他們既有力量又有風格，身後只留下一條鉛筆線的軌跡。

The knowledge has been lost.

知識已經丟失。

No one is doing this anymore.

沒有人再這樣做了。

The Europeans and the Russians see more concern with dragging their armpits than perfecting their linked turns.

在歐洲人和俄羅斯人看來，拖動腋窩比完善連環轉更重要。

And over in Asia, the riders are jumping around, swinging their arms, spinning, reverting, trying to make green runs look intense.

而在亞洲，騎手們跳來跳去，擺動手臂，旋轉，倒退，試圖讓綠色跑道看起來很激烈。

I'm trying to make black runs look easy.

我正試圖讓黑色跑看起來很容易。

I'm chasing the perfect track on some of the steepest groomers anywhere.

我在一些最陡峭的雪道上追逐完美的賽道。

A lot of this carving technique was developed in the racing community and kept secret.

這種雕刻技術很多都是在賽車界發展起來的，並且祕而不宣。

And today, most of the online soft boot instructors who want to teach you to carve can't themselves leave a great track on anything steeper than easy blue.

而如今，大多數想教你雕刻的在線軟靴教練，自己都無法在比簡單的藍色陡坡上留下很好的痕跡。

The internet is full of carving tips videos made by people who don't have a clue.

互聯網上充斥著一些毫無頭緒的人制作的雕刻技巧視頻。

This one is different.

這一次不同。

I'm going to share with you the secrets of soft boot carving right now.

我現在就和大家分享軟靴雕刻的祕訣。

This is my own curriculum, assembled through decades of research in collaboration with top riders and further developed through many, many hours of coaching and carefully observing what works for my students in practice.

這是我自己的課程，是我與頂尖騎手合作，經過數十年的研究後總結出來的，也是我通過無數次的指導和仔細觀察學生在實踐中的表現後進一步開發出來的。

Pay attention.

注意了

Just a quick tip of the hat to our sponsors, Coroller Snowboards, SkiFabs Board Storage Solutions, Power Ride Boot Stiffeners, Thor Mittens, and Never Summer Industries.

在此向我們的贊助商 Coroller Snowboards、SkiFabs Board Storage Solutions、Power Ride Boot Stiffeners、Thor Mittens 和 Never Summer Industries 表示感謝。

Okay, let's do this.

好吧，我們開始吧

There are nine elements to the pencil line carve.

鉛筆線刻有九個要素。

We're going to talk about arms, shoulders, obliques, hips, knees, and we're going to talk about the rotation, the compression and decompression, the fore-aft motion, and finally the transition, edge transition.

我們將討論手臂、肩膀、斜方肌、臀部、膝蓋，我們還將討論旋轉、壓縮和減壓、前後運動，最後是過渡、邊緣過渡。

Okay, so let's get to it.

好了，我們開始吧。

Let's start with some nomenclature.

讓我們從一些術語開始。

Here are some types of snowboard turns differentiated by the turn shape and by the tracks they leave in the snow.

以下是單板滑雪板轉彎的幾種類型，根據轉彎形狀和在雪地上留下的痕跡進行區分。

The first turn we all learn is the pivot turn.

我們學習的第一個轉法是樞軸轉法。

You're just switching edges all the way down the hill, pushing on the snow to control your speed, very basic.

你只是在下山的途中切換滑雪板的邊緣，推動雪地以控制速度，非常基本。

Later, when we start to figure out our side cut, our tracks might look a little more like this.

之後，當我們開始設計側切時，我們的軌道可能會更像這樣一些。

This is a slide turn.

這是一個滑動轉彎。

Half slide, half carve.

半滑半刻

You'll often see a little pivot in the initiation.

在啟動過程中，你經常會看到一個小支點。

It leaves a mid-wide track and an open turn shape.

它留下了一條中寬的賽道和一個開闊的轉彎形狀。

This one here is a euro carve.

這個是歐式雕刻。

This is a down-unweighted turn, which means you're going to be fully compressed at the initiation and then fully extended at the apex of these turns.

這是一個向下失重的轉彎，這意味著你在起步時會被完全壓縮，然後在這些轉彎的頂點完全伸展。

You're often going to see a little chatter in the track as well.

在賽道上，你也經常會看到一些雜音。

It's either going to look like a serrated edge or it's going to look like a discontinuous trench before it pops along.

要麼看起來像鋸齒狀的邊緣，要麼看起來像一條不連續的溝渠，然後才會突然出現。

The goal of this turn is to get your body as low as possible to the snow.

這個轉彎的目的是讓身體儘可能低地貼近雪面。

Unfortunately, in doing that, you are out of position.

不幸的是，在這樣做的時候，你已經不在位置上了。

You are dragging your body, which slows you down, and you're out of position for that pure pencil-line carve.

你拖著身體，這會讓你的速度減慢，而且你也不在純鉛筆線條雕刻的位置上。

That's why you get the chatter.

所以才會有喋喋不休的聲音。

You get snow down your neck, your mustache gets all wet, and it might look cool to your friends, but it doesn't feel as good as the energy return of the pencil-line carve.

雪會順著你的脖子往下掉，你的鬍子也會全溼，在朋友們看來可能很酷，但感覺卻沒有鉛筆線雕刻的能量回饋好。

The pencil-line carve is the pinnacle of the snowboard turn.

鉛筆線轉彎是滑雪板轉彎的巔峰之作。

The goal here is to make your track as thin as possible, like a pencil line in the snow.

這樣做的目的是讓你的軌跡越細越好，就像雪地上的鉛筆線一樣。

As long as your track looks more or less like this, you're doing it, and whatever else you want to do with your body is an expression of your own personal style.

只要你的運動軌跡或多或少看起來像這樣，你就在做了，無論你還想用身體做什麼，都是你個人風格的體現。

Carving is not a competitive sport.

雕刻不是一項競技運動。

There is no judging criteria.

沒有評判標準。

Do it however you want, but first learn to make the pencil-line.

想怎麼畫就怎麼畫，但首先要學會畫鉛筆線。

My personal style aims to minimize the weight I put on any dragging body parts and to make powerful pencil-line carves look easy.

我的個人風格是儘量減少拖曳身體部位的重量，讓有力的鉛筆線條雕刻看起來輕鬆自如。

The hand.

手

Mostly it's the backhand I'm concerned with.

我主要擔心的是反手。

A lot of people who learned how to ride this millennium have this sort of warrior stance.

很多在千禧年學會騎馬的人都有這樣的勇士姿態。

That is not going to work.

這是行不通的。

So we're going to take that backhand that's flailing in the back like a kite, we're going to bring it forward.

所以，我們要把那隻像風箏一樣在後面甩動的反手往前拉。

So we're going to go from this to this.

所以，我們要從這裡到這裡。

That's all we're going to say about hands for now.

關於手，我們暫時就說這麼多。

We're going to kind of jump back and forth between these nine elements because they're all kind of part of the same motions and the same body positions.

我們將在這九個元素之間來回跳轉，因為它們都是相同動作和相同身體姿勢的一部分。

The breakdown is just for convenience.

細目只是為了方便。

Shoulders are next.

接下來是肩部。

The number one rule of shoulders is always keep your shoulders level.

肩膀的首要規則是始終保持肩膀水準。

So we pretend we're carrying a tray for example and whatever you're doing with your board, you have a martini on your tray, do not spill your martini.

比如說，我們假裝自己端著一個托盤，無論你在做什麼，托盤上都放著一杯馬提尼，千萬別把馬提尼灑了。

Do not drop it.

不要掉落。

The other thing with the shoulders is we're going to actually rotate a lot from our shoulders, but we'll talk about rotation more later and we're going to try to really generate that rotation from our hips, but we're going to keep our hips in line with our shoulders as we do that.

與肩部有關的另一件事是，我們將從肩部開始進行大量旋轉，但我們稍後會更多地討論旋轉，我們將嘗試從髖部開始真正產生旋轉，但我們在做這些動作時將保持髖部與肩部一致。

So now you're starting to wonder, how am I supposed to lean over and touch the snow and keep my shoulders level?

現在你會想，我怎麼才能俯身觸雪並保持肩膀水準呢？

This is where the obliques come in.

這就是斜方肌的作用所在。

So on toe side, you're going to drop your knees and keep your upper body stacked and you're going to crunch in the front oblique to actually reach away from the snow.

是以，在腳尖側，你要放下膝蓋，保持上半身堆疊，前斜方肌要緊縮，以便真正伸手離開雪地。

When you start reaching down for the snow, look what happens.

當你開始向下夠雪時，看看會發生什麼。

My board goes flat, I lose that angulation between the board and the snow and my butt sticks out.

我的衝浪板變平了，衝浪板和雪之間失去了角度，我的屁股突出來了。

I don't have an edge anymore.

我已經沒有優勢了。

Edge goes up, oblique gets crunched, lift that inside shoulder up to hold that tray and keep your shoulders level.

邊緣上揚，斜方肌收縮，抬起內側肩膀，托住托盤，保持肩膀水準。

And then it's the same on the heel side.

腳跟那邊也是一樣。

We want to be in this kind of position, arms in front again, shoulders level, crunching in the rear oblique.

我們要保持這樣的姿勢，雙臂前伸，雙肩平舉，後斜肌收縮。

Look at some of the commonalities in body positions across these carving sports.

看看這些雕刻運動在身體姿勢上的一些共同點。

Notice how the shoulders are level.

注意肩膀是如何保持水準的。

The lower body is leaning into the turn while the upper body leans away.

下半身向轉彎處傾斜，而上半身則偏離。

There's a reason for this.

這是有原因的。

Now the hips.

現在是臀部。

And I'm afraid here we're going to have to address the elephant in the room.

在這裡，恐怕我們不得不談談房間裡的大象。

Stance.

立場。

A lot of you probably don't want to hear this, so just mute the next 45 seconds.

很多人可能不想聽這個，所以接下來的 45 秒請靜音。

Maybe we'll put a little eye candy in the corner for you.

也許我們會在角落裡給你放點養眼的東西。

Here's the deal.

事情是這樣的

Can you make a heel side pencil line carve on steep terrain in a duck stance?

在陡峭的地形上，你能以鴨式站姿進行腳跟側鉛筆線雕刻嗎？

I won't say it's impossible.

我不會說這是不可能的。

What I will say is it's much, much more difficult than with a posi posi stance.

我要說的是，這比使用正時正步要困難得多。

So I'm going to encourage you to go to at least 12 degrees positive in the back foot and 27 positive in the front.

是以，我鼓勵你們後腳至少正 12 度，前腳正 27 度。

You can go steeper for sure.

你肯定可以走得更陡。

For me, my boards, my body, my style.

對我來說，我的木板、我的身體、我的風格。

When I drop that back foot to nine, I start to chatter on the heel side.

當我把後腳落到九點時，我的腳跟就會開始打顫。

I need to have 12 minimum. 27 gives me 15 degrees of splay.

我至少需要 12 個。27 就有 15 度的傾斜。

I feel that's about appropriate.

我覺得這樣就差不多了。

That's a good all mountain stance.

這是個很好的全山地站姿。

It may feel awkward at first.

一開始可能會覺得尷尬。

Now I know what you're thinking because I've heard it before.

我知道你們在想什麼，因為我以前也聽過。

Oh, but what about my freestyle and my switch riding and blah, blah, blah.

哦，那我的自由泳和換騎呢，等等等等。

Hey, don't worry about it.

嘿，別擔心。

You have a carving stance on a carving board on a groomer day.

在雪橇比賽日，你可以在雕刻板上擺出雕刻姿勢。

And you have a freestyle stance.

你有自由泳的姿勢。

If you, uh, you know, a duck stance, if you want to ride the park or you want to ride the trees, no problem.

如果你，呃，你知道，一個鴨子的姿勢，如果你想騎公園或你想騎樹，沒問題。

I mean, you wouldn't take your downhill mountain bike.

我的意思是，你不會帶著你的下坡山地自行車。

You wouldn't use that as a commuter, right?

你不會用它通勤吧？

You don't use your all mountain board for carving people.

你不能用全山滑板去雕刻別人。

Every manufacturer wants to sell you an all mountain board.

每個製造商都想向你推銷全山地衝浪板。

Oh, it floats in pow.

哦，它浮在水面上。

It rips in trees.

它能撕裂樹木。

It carves the groomers.

它能雕刻雪道。

What that board is going to do.

董事會要做什麼？

It's going to be bad at everything.

它什麼都做不好。

Okay.

好的

You need a dedicated carving board, dedicated powder board, maybe a freestyle board.

你需要一個專用的雕刻板、專用的粉末板，也許還需要一個自由式板。

If you like, maybe a rock board, maybe a bigger powder board, five boards, quiver of five.

如果你喜歡，也許可以用岩石板，也許可以用更大的粉末板，五塊板，五件套。

That should do it.

這樣就可以了。

Um, definitely running posse posse on this.

嗯，我肯定會去的。

Um, kind of like to get more technical, I would say 15 back foot 30 front.

嗯，說得更專業一點，我想說的是，15 個後腳 30 個前腳。

Wow.

哇

Okay.

好的

Now let's look at our first drill.

現在，讓我們來看看第一次演習。

This is me actually carrying a rope between my hands.

這就是我雙手夾著繩子的樣子。

Cause I'm not dumb enough to ride with a tray.

因為我還沒蠢到帶著托盤騎車。

Okay.

好的

But watch out through these turns.

但要注意這些轉彎。

I'm focusing on keeping that rope as level as possible.

我的重點是儘可能保持繩子的水準。

That's the hands are just sort of like an indicator, right?

指針就像是一個指示器，對嗎？

It's the shoulders.

是肩膀。

You really want to keep level, but the hands help.

你真的很想保持水準，但雙手能幫上忙。

This one is easy, but crucial.

這一條很簡單，但卻至關重要。

The number one mistake I see in aspiring carvers is that they're reaching for the snow to hold your edge.

我在有抱負的雕刻師身上看到的首要錯誤就是他們伸手去抓雪，以保持你的邊緣。

Your shoulders must be level to keep your shoulders level.

你的肩膀必須保持水準。

You must reach away from the snow, carve deep and let the snow come to you.

你必須遠離雪地，深入雕刻，讓雪向你走來。

So we imagine we're holding a tray with a martini and we try not to spill a drop.

是以，我們想象自己正端著一個裝有馬提尼的托盤，儘量不讓酒灑出來。

Use a string as a reminder.

用字符串作為提醒。

We'll also help you keep that backhand from flailing in the over your tail, which is the second most common mistake I see.

我們還將幫助你避免反手甩尾，這是我看到的第二個最常見的錯誤。

Now the hips.

現在是臀部。

Okay.

好的

So you've got your posi posi stance and now you can rotate your hips forward.

這樣，你就有了 POSI POSI 站姿，現在你就可以向前轉動臀部了。

Okay.

好的

So there's two motions we're going to do with the hips.

是以，我們要對臀部做兩個動作。

The one is a rotation and the other is the fore aft motion.

一個是旋轉，另一個是前後運動。

Okay.

好的

Um, so for rotation, I want your hips.

嗯，所以旋轉時，我要你的臀部。

I want your tray out shoulders level directly over the front of your board on heel side and in line with your, this, the angle of your front foot on toe side.

我希望你的托盤肩部水準，正對腳跟一側的木板前端，並與腳尖一側的前腳角度保持一致。

Okay.

好的

So this board is set to 1530.

是以，這塊電路板的設置為 1530。

So that means this rotation from here to here is about 60 degrees.

也就是說，從這裡到這裡的旋轉角度約為 60 度。

That's it.

就是這樣。

I want you to keep it in there.

我要你把它放在裡面

I don't want none of this, right?

我不想要這些，對嗎？

None of this yet over rotation for later.

這些都還不是以後的輪換。

Right?

對不對？

So here you go.

給你。

Tray's level.

托盤的水準。

Obliques are crunched.

腹肌嘎嘎作響。

Hips are facing forward.

臀部朝前。

That is your heel side position.

這就是你的腳跟側位置。

Uh, tray in line, front hand in line with my front foot.

呃，托盤對齊，前手與前腳對齊。

Oblique crunched.

斜線嘎吱作響。

Knees will get to shoulders level, right?

膝蓋會和肩膀齊平，對嗎？

Reaching away from the snow.

從雪中伸手不見五指。

Okay.

好的

Here's another drill for you.

這是給你的另一個演習。

Okay.

好的

On the heel side, I want you to touch your back hand to your front knee.

在腳跟一側，我要你用後手觸摸前膝蓋。

And on toe side, I want you to touch your front hand to your front knee.

腳趾側，我要你用前手觸碰前膝蓋。

Okay.

好的

So this is actually going to put you in exactly the correct amount of rotation on both sides.

是以，這實際上會讓你兩邊的旋轉量完全正確。

And it's going to give you extra compression because most people ride too tall to reach their knee.

它還會給你額外的壓力，因為大多數人騎得太高，膝蓋夠不著。

So it's going to get you lower and it's going to get you so, and it's going to get you in the perfect position for rotation.

是以，它會讓你更低，也會讓你更高，讓你處於旋轉的最佳位置。

That's the position you want to, you want to find yourself in at the apex.

這就是你想要的位置，你想要在頂點找到自己的位置。

That's the position you want to follow through the, uh, the next 60 degrees through the intense edge pressure part of the turn.

在接下來的 60 度轉彎過程中，你要保持這個姿勢，以承受強烈的邊緣壓力。

Watch how I hold the knee through the entire turn.

看我如何在整個轉彎過程中保持膝蓋不動。

Aim for this, but start by just touching the front knee on every turn.

以此為目標，但開始時，每次轉彎時都要觸及前膝。

Feel how that extra rotation tightens up your turns and smooths out the chatter.

感受額外的旋轉如何使你的轉彎更加緊湊，並消除顫動。

Okay.

好的

Let's talk about the fore-aft motion in a little more detail now.

現在讓我們來詳細談談前後運動。

Okay.

好的

When we talked about hips, we talked about the bowing forward and then straightening up at the hips to get that forward lean.

當我們談到臀部時，我們談到了向前弓步，然後臀部挺直以獲得前傾。

And then to bring your weight back, you can think about, focus on how much weight is on each foot at different parts of the turn.

然後，為了把重心收回來，你可以想想，在轉彎的不同部位，每隻腳的重心是多少。

Some people like to think about the transitions, edge transitions as sort of sliding the board as if you'd slide it under a door.

有些人喜歡把過渡、邊緣過渡想象成滑動木板，就像把木板滑到門下一樣。

So that takes your weight from the front towards the back.

這樣，你的重心就會從前面移向後面。

Um, in some ways, it's a very complex motion and there's a lot going on, but when it's done right, there's actually very little motion at all.

嗯，從某種程度上說，這是一個非常複雜的動作，有很多事情要做，但如果做得好，其實根本沒有什麼動作。

And the momentum of the turn is actually going to put you in the correct position.

轉彎的動力實際上會讓你處於正確的位置。

So let's first look at the correct position and then I'm going to explain how that all works.

是以，讓我們先來看看正確的位置，然後我將解釋這一切是如何運作的。

So here we have a snowboard.

這就是我們的滑雪板。

Okay.

好的

And I'm going to say, so this is goofy, right?

我想說，這也太傻了吧？

I'm goofy.

我很傻。

I'm going to say, right at the, uh, at the transition here, you're pretty much, you're unweighted.

我想說的是，就在這裡，呃，在這裡過渡的時候，你幾乎，你是沒有權重的。

So there's not a lot of weight on either foot, but you should be about 50, 50 standing tall.

是以，兩隻腳的重量都不重，但你站立的高度應該在 50 英尺左右。

Right?

對不對？