I invested in more than a hundred stocks and in ten minutes I want to tell you what is a good stock and what is a bad stock.

我投資了一百多隻股票，我想在十分鐘內告訴你什麼是好股票，什麼是壞股票。

But first, some background.

但首先要了解一些背景情況。

I am on a six-month challenge to study money, how to invest it and grow it.

我正在進行一項為期六個月的挑戰，研究金錢、如何投資和增長金錢。

I am doing this with my friend Yoni, who is the founder of eToro, the largest social investing platform in the world.

我是和我的朋友約尼一起做這件事的，他是全球最大的社交投資平臺 eToro 的創始人。

If you want to join us, just go to nas.io slash money.

如果你想加入我們，請訪問 nas.io slash money。

Everything I'm learning is available to you there for free.

我所學到的一切都可以在那裡免費獲得。

Should we start?

我們該開始了嗎？

Let's start.

讓我們開始吧。

All right.

好的

Back to the challenge.

回到挑戰上來。

There are so many ways to invest and make money.

投資和賺錢的方式有很多。

Real estate, commodities, bonds, crypto, forex.

房地產、商品、債券、加密貨幣、外匯。

But today, I just want to focus on my favorite, stocks.

但今天，我只想重點談談我的最愛--股票。

Stocks is simple.

股票很簡單。

It means ownership in a company.

它意味著公司的所有權。

Buying one stock means owning part of a company.

購買一支股票意味著擁有一家公司的一部分。

That's it.

就是這樣。

That's what investing in stocks is.

這就是股票投資。

You're investing in businesses.

你們在投資企業。

So if you want to generate returns with real gains, you invest in the stock market.

是以，如果你想獲得實際收益，就必須投資股市。

So how do you know which stock to buy?

那麼，如何知道該買哪隻股票呢？

Well, I'm going to tell you my process.

好吧，我要告訴你我的過程。

But first, warning.

但首先要提醒大家。

I do not recommend any specific stock.

我不推薦任何特定的股票。

Everything I mention here is just an example.

我在這裡提到的一切只是一個例子。

Proceed at your own risk.

請自行承擔風險。

Let's begin.

讓我們開始吧。

There are tens of thousands of stocks to pick from.

有數以萬計的股票可供選擇。

Personally, I only buy stocks that are listed in the United States.

就我個人而言，我只買在美國上市的股票。

Why?

為什麼？

Because I believe the world's best companies are listed or created in the United States.

因為我相信，世界上最好的公司都是在美國上市或創建的。

That is just my opinion.

這只是我的看法。

Now, there are two types of stocks that you can buy in the US.

現在，您可以在美國購買兩種類型的股票。

One, stocks that are fast and risky.

其一，速度快、風險大的股票。

And two, stocks that are slow and steady.

第二，緩慢而穩定的股票。

Personally, 50% of my money is in risky stocks and 50% is in steady stocks. 50-50.

就我個人而言，50% 的資金投資於高風險股票，50% 投資於穩健型股票。50-50.

Asset allocation is how do you distribute your portfolio across different categories, risks, geographies.

資產配置是指如何在不同類別、風險和地域之間分配投資組合。

The more knowledge you have, you can basically take more risk.

你掌握的知識越多，基本上就能承擔更多的風險。

Now, when it comes to risky stocks, before I buy a stock, I have three simple rules.

現在，說到風險股票，在購買股票之前，我有三個簡單的原則。

One, I invest in companies that I personally love and use.

第一，我投資於我個人喜愛和使用的公司。

Like Uber for transportation that I use every day.

比如我每天都用的 Uber 交通工具。

Or Beyond Meat for vegan food that I eat regularly.

或者 Beyond Meat，我經常吃的素食。

Two, I invest in companies that have founders who are still in charge.

第二，我投資的公司，其創始人仍在掌權。

Like Mark Zuckerberg and Meta.

比如馬克-扎克伯格和 Meta。

Or Brian Armstrong at Coinbase.

或者 Coinbase 的布萊恩-阿姆斯特朗。

Or Yoni from eToro.

或者是 eToro 的 Yoni。

He is the founder.

他是創始人。

Founders build better companies, in my opinion.

在我看來，創始人能創建更好的公司。

I agree.

我同意。

Three, I invest in companies that I think can grow a lot more in the future.

第三，我投資那些我認為未來會有更大發展的公司。

Like DoorDash or PayPal or Planet Labs.

比如 DoorDash、PayPal 或 Planet Labs。

There is no science to this.

這是不科學的。

Sometimes I get it right and I make a lot of profit.

有時我做對了，就能賺大錢。

Other times I get it wrong and I lose a lot of money.

其他時候，我也會出錯，損失慘重。

This is why it's called fast and risky stocks.

這就是為什麼它被稱為快速而高風險的股票。

I invested in a stock and I lost 100% of my money.

我投資了一隻股票，結果虧損了 100%。

By the way, we also invested.

順便說一句，我們也投資了。

We lost 100% of our money.

我們損失了 100%的錢。

Oh, did you really?

真的嗎？

Good.

很好。

We both lost 100% of the money on stock.

我們都在股票上損失了 100% 的錢。

The second type of stock I invest in is called slow and steady.

我投資的第二類股票叫做 "慢而穩"。

This one is more of a science.

這更像是一門科學。

I look for stocks that I believe can be around for 10 years or more.

我尋找那些我認為能存在 10 年或更久的股票。

Warren Buffett famously said, if you aren't willing to own a stock for 10 years, don't think about owning it for 10 minutes.

沃倫-巴菲特有句名言：如果你不願意持有一隻股票 10 年，就不要考慮持有它 10 分鐘。

And he's right.

他是對的。

So I look for stocks that grow consistently over many years or even decades.

是以，我尋找那些在多年甚至數十年內持續增長的股票。

The S&P 500, the Dow 30.

標準普爾 500 指數、道瓊斯 30 指數。

So the largest stocks in a stock market are usually, not always, usually the safest stocks because you know they'll be there in 10 years or 20 years.

是以，股市中最大的股票通常（不一定）是最安全的股票，因為你知道它們在 10 年或 20 年後還會存在。

Think healthcare stocks, energy stocks, telecom stocks, food stocks.

想想醫療保健股、能源股、電信股和食品股。

Companies like General Electric, Apple or Google have been around for decades and probably decades more.

像通用電氣、蘋果或谷歌這樣的公司已經存在了幾十年，甚至更久。

There are two numbers that are important for steady stocks.

有兩個數字對穩定的股票非常重要。

It's the PE ratio and the dividends.

是市盈率和股息。

And I'm going to explain both numbers so you can look out for them in the markets.

我將解釋這兩個數字，以便大家在市場上留意。

The price to earnings ratio.

市盈率。

It sounds complicated, but it's simple.

聽起來很複雜，其實很簡單。

It's the price people are willing to pay for every dollar that the company makes in profit.

這是人們願意為公司的每一美元利潤付出的代價。

Let me give you a real example.

讓我舉一個真實的例子。

If a company makes $1,000 in profit and the value of this company is $20,000, this means that the price to earnings ratio of this company is 20.

如果一家公司的利潤為 1,000 美元，而這家公司的價值為 20,000 美元，這意味著這家公司的市盈率為 20。

Investors are willing to pay $20 for every $1 that the company makes in profit. 20.

投資者願意為公司每 1 美元的利潤支付 20 美元。20.

That's the magic number I look for.

這就是我尋找的神奇數字。

Anywhere between 20 and 30.

在 20 到 30 之間。

And by the way, the PE ratio is available online on any public company.

順便說一句，市盈率可以在網上查到，任何一家上市公司都能查到。

You can just Google it.

您可以直接谷歌搜索。

If you're interested in a stock, you want to allocate 5% of your earnings in a month to that stock, then a great way to do it is to continuously invest and put a timer like every month, invest a small amount of money into a company.

如果你對某隻股票感興趣，想在一個月內將收入的 5%投入到這隻股票上，那麼一個很好的方法就是持續投資，並設定一個計時器，比如每個月向一家公司投入少量資金。

The second thing I look for is dividends.

我關注的第二件事是分紅。

Did you know that slow and steady stocks share a percentage of their profits every year with shareholders?

你知道嗎，慢而穩的股票每年都會與股東分享一定比例的利潤。

It's crazy.

太瘋狂了

Here's how it works.

具體操作如下

If you invest $1,000 in a company with a 3% dividend, that means that if fixed, the company will pay you $30 every year.

如果你將 1000 美元投資於一家分紅率為 3% 的公司，這意味著如果固定不變，該公司每年將向你支付 30 美元。

That is in addition to the profit you would make if the stock went up.

這還不包括股票上漲所帶來的利潤。

So it's not just about the stock price going up.

所以，這不僅僅是股價上漲的問題。

It's also about that $30 you get every year as dividend.

這也與你每年獲得的 30 美元紅利有關。

Take this company, for example.

以這家公司為例。

It's called Next Era Energy.

它的名字叫 "下一個時代能源"。

Let's look at it.

我們來看看。

It's a US-based company.

這是一家美國公司。

It has a price to earnings ratio of 26.

它的市盈率為 26。

So it's within my magic range of 20 to 30.

所以它在我的魔力範圍 20 到 30 之間。

And it has a dividend of 2.5% over the last five years on average.

在過去五年中，它的平均股息率為 2.5%。

And in my opinion, this company can last for 10 years or more because Next Era Energy is an energy stock.

在我看來，這家公司可以維持 10 年或更長時間，因為 Next Era Energy 是一隻能源股。

The US will always need energy today, tomorrow, and in the next 10 years.

無論是今天、明天還是未來 10 年，美國都需要能源。

So technically, this company qualifies as a value stock that grows slowly and steadily for many years.

是以，從技術上講，這家公司符合價值型股票的條件，可以多年緩慢而穩定地增長。

That is just one example.

這只是一個例子。

But there are many companies like this one.

但像這樣的公司還有很多。

The best value stocks are stocks that you know are here to last.

最好的價值型股票是那些你知道會持續存在的股票。

That's it.

就是這樣。

That's it.

就是這樣。

And by the way, if this is confusing to you, you can always decide not to buy individual stocks.

順便說一句，如果你對此感到困惑，你可以決定不購買個股。

You can buy multiple stocks at the same time.

您可以同時購買多隻股票。

And this way you reduce the risk.

這樣就能降低風險。

It's called the S&P 500.

它被稱為標準普爾 500 指數。

You buy an index or an ETF and you buy 500 stocks at the same time.

你購買指數或 ETF，同時購買 500 只股票。

This is just another thing you can explore if you don't want to pick individual stocks.

如果您不想挑選個股，這只是您可以探索的另一種方法。

And now for the most important tip on stock investing.

現在是股票投資最重要的提示。

Mom, I hope you're paying attention.

媽媽，希望你能注意聽。

When it comes to stocks, don't overdo it.

說到股票，不要做得太過火。

The more you buy and sell, buy and sell, the more you risk losing.

買進賣出、買進賣出的次數越多，損失的風險就越大。

A famous investor once said, your money is like a bar of soap.

一位有名的投資家曾經說過，你的錢就像一塊肥皂。

The more you handle it, the more you lose it.

處理得越多，失去得就越多。

That's why I don't believe in day trading.

這就是我不相信日內交易的原因。

I don't believe in timing the market.

我不相信市場時機。

I don't believe in get-rich-quick stocks.

我不相信一夜暴富的股票。

Some people may succeed here, but that's too risky and complicated for me and probably for you.

有些人可能會在這裡取得成功，但這對我來說太冒險、太複雜了，可能對你來說也是如此。

Long-term investing is supposed to be simple and straightforward.

長期投資本應簡單明瞭。

Just buy and hold.

買入並持有即可。

Just look at this shocking statistic.

看看這個令人震驚的統計數據吧。

If you buy the S&P 500 today and you sell it tomorrow, you don't know if it's going to go up or down.

如果你今天買入標準普爾 500 指數，明天賣出，你不知道它會漲還是跌。

So you have a 50% chance of making money and a 50% chance of losing money.

是以，你有 50%的機會賺錢，也有 50%的機會賠錢。

But if you buy the S&P 500 for 13 years and never sell it, you have a 100% chance of making money.

但是，如果你買入標準普爾 500 指數 13 年而從不賣出，你就有 100%的機會賺錢。

Yeah, that's not my opinion.

是的，這不是我的觀點。

That's literally historical data.

這簡直就是歷史數據。

So, Yoni, this is my stock portfolio.

所以，約尼，這就是我的股票投資組合。

Half of it is in companies that have products that I use and founders that are still in charge.

其中有一半是我使用過產品的公司，而且創始人仍在掌權。

And the other half is in slow stocks, good P-E ratio, steady, good dividends, and a long history of operations.

而另一半是慢速股，市盈率高、穩定、分紅好、經營歷史悠久。

So 50-50.

五五分成。

What do you think of this portfolio?

您覺得這個投資組合怎麼樣？

First of all, I think you're a very fast learner.

首先，我覺得你學得很快。

Now you're diversified.

現在，你已經多元化了。

Your portfolio.

您的投資組合

So now you have less risk in your portfolio and it's diversified between value stocks and growth stocks, which is important for any portfolio.

是以，現在你的投資組合風險較小，而且在價值型股票和成長型股票之間實現了多樣化，這對任何投資組合來說都很重要。

Great.

好極了

We're doing something right.

我們做得對

Just remember what Warren Buffett said.

請記住巴菲特說過的話。

Time in the market is 100 times more important than timing the market.

市場中的時間比把握市場時機重要 100 倍。

Invest wisely and safely.

明智、安全地投資。

And I'll see you next month for another video about money.

我們下個月再見，看另一個關於錢的視頻。