In fact, we're going to really nerd out on this today and get specific.

事實上，我們今天就來具體討論一下這個問題。

Transition statements will represent less than 1% of your entire message, but they make a huge impact overall.

過渡語在整個資訊中所佔的比例不到 1%，但卻能產生巨大的整體影響。

If you have strong transition statements, everybody will be able to follow your message.

如果你有強有力的過渡語，那麼每個人都能跟上你的資訊。

If you don't, your main points may all blur together and your presentations have an introduction, body, and conclusion.

如果你不這樣做，你的要點可能會混在一起，你的演示文稿就會有引言、主體和結論。

In the body of the presentation, you'll often see two, three, or four main points.

在演講正文中，你通常會看到兩個、三個或四個要點。

Your transition statements fit right between each of those main points.

你的過渡語恰好在每個要點之間。

The first tip is a mindset tip.

第一個技巧是心態技巧。

I recommend you think of your transition statements as a way to clearly separate your main points.

我建議您將過渡語句視為一種明確區分要點的方法。

Now, I know this will go against a lot of the ways people normally talk about transitions.

現在，我知道這將與人們通常談論過渡的方式背道而馳。

Yes, your transition statements in writing and speaking will play a role in connecting your ideas.

是的，你在寫作和演講中的過渡語句將在連接你的觀點方面發揮作用。

But when you're reading a book or an article, we have the benefit of headings, line spaces, new paragraphs, indentations, and lots of visual cues to show the reader that there are separate chunks of ideas.

但是，當你閱讀一本書或一篇文章時，我們可以利用標題、行間距、新段落、縮進以及大量的視覺提示來向讀者展示獨立的思想塊。

But when we're speaking, we usually don't have any of that.

但當我們發言時，通常不會有這些。

We sometimes don't even have PowerPoint slides to show the different ideas.

我們有時甚至沒有 PowerPoint 幻燈片來展示不同的想法。

And what happens when our mindset is to connect our main points with transitions, we end up using words that blur or shade the points together too much.

而當我們的思維方式是用過渡語來連接要點時，我們最終會使用一些過於模糊或遮蔽要點的詞語。

Here's some examples of blurry and ineffective lead-in transition phrases.

下面是一些引語過渡句模糊、無效的例子。

And that leads us to another issue is, or I also believe that.

這就引出了另一個問題，或者說我也相信這一點。

Lead-in phrases like these can make it sound to your listeners like you're adding to the first main point.

類似這樣的開頭語會讓聽眾覺得你是在補充第一個要點。

It can sound like you've not left that behind yet, and you're expanding on it.

聽起來你似乎還沒有忘記這一點，而且還在不斷擴展。

So when you're doing public speaking, I have found when working with students, it's much better to adopt the mindset that your transition statements should help to create a clear separation between your main points so that everybody listening can tell that you've finished with one idea and you're moving on to the next point.

是以，當你進行公開演講時，我發現在與學生一起工作時，最好採用這樣的思維方式，即你的過渡語應該有助於在你的主要觀點之間建立一個清晰的分隔，這樣每個人在聽的時候都能知道你已經完成了一個觀點，正在進入下一個觀點。

When you see the examples I'll show you in a moment, the points will still all feel connected because each point is still part of the same message, the same story.

當你看到我稍後將向你展示的例子時，你仍然會覺得這些要點都是相互關聯的，因為每個要點都是同一個資訊、同一個故事的一部分。

Let's make this concrete with some examples that personally use most is to simply repeat a version of the signposted topic sentence you used to introduce whatever main point you're talking about.

讓我們用一些例子來具體說明這一點，我個人用得最多的就是簡單地重複你用來介紹任何要點的標示主題句的版本。

We'll call this a summary transition with a signpost.

我們稱其為帶有路標的摘要過渡。

For example, I've recommended in tons of videos that when you get to each of your main points in the body, you should signal and signpost by saying first, second, or third in the topic sentence when you get to those points.

例如，我曾在大量視頻中建議，當你在正文中提到每一個要點時，都應該在主題句中說第一、第二或第三，以此作為信號和路標。

So let's say we're doing a hypothetical presentation about the benefits of three types of exercise.

假設我們要介紹三種運動的好處。

In this message, my first main point is going to be about lifting weights.

在這條資訊中，我的第一個要點是關於舉重。

You would usually start the main point there with a clear topic sentence the same way you would if you're writing a paper and this were a new paragraph.

通常情況下，您會用一個明確的主題句來開頭，就像您在寫一篇論文，而這是一個新的段落一樣。

For this video, we'll call that first sentence the topic sentence.

在本視頻中，我們將第一句話稱為主題句。

And I always recommend starting with a signposted topic sentence like this.

我總是建議以這樣的主題句作為開頭。

First, lifting weights has lots of benefits.

首先，舉重有很多好處。

That's how I signal I've started my first main point.

就這樣，我預示著我的第一個要點已經開始了。

And then for a few minutes or so, I would share statistics and stories and examples and plenty of other good information all about the benefits of lifting weights.

然後，在幾分鐘左右的時間裡，我會與大家分享統計數據、故事、事例和大量其他有關舉重好處的好資訊。

Now, this topic sentence sets us up for a great transition statement later.

現在，這個主題句為我們後面的過渡語作了很好的鋪墊。

When I get to the end of that main point, my transition statement will just rephrase that signposted topic sentence I used earlier.

當我說到這個要點的末尾時，我的過渡語句就會重新表述我之前用過的標示性主題句。

For example, at the end of that point, I would say, so first, I recommend lifting weights because of the many benefits I've explained.

例如，在這一點的最後，我會說，所以首先，我建議大家舉重，因為我已經解釋了舉重的諸多好處。

My transition statement says almost exactly the same thing as my topic sentence.

我的過渡語與主題句幾乎一模一樣。

This makes it crystal clear for listeners because you have just framed your main point with these parallel statements.

這讓聽眾一目瞭然，因為你剛剛用這些並列的語句闡述了你的主要觀點。

It's almost impossible for listeners to miss that.

聽眾幾乎不可能錯過這一點。

And since we're in the body of a presentation, the very next thing out of your mouth should be your second main point.

既然我們現在是在演講正文中，那麼你接下來要說的就應該是第二個要點。

In this case, it would be about the benefits of cardiovascular exercise.

在這種情況下，這將是關於心血管鍛鍊的好處。

We would get to the end of that second point about cardiovascular exercise, and we've already talked about that for a few minutes and we're moving toward our transition statement, and that would sound like this.

第二點是關於心血管鍛鍊的，我們已經談了幾分鐘，現在我們要做過渡發言了。

And that's why the second type of exercise I recommend is cardiovascular.

這就是為什麼我推薦的第二種運動是心血管運動。

Again, this type of transition statement is a summary transition statement plus you've repeated the signpost.

同樣，這種過渡語句是一種總結性過渡語句，加上你重複了路標。

So to be clear, you say first in the topic sentence and first in the topic sentence and second in the transition statement for the second main point and so forth.

所以，為了清楚起見，你在主題句中說第一，在主題句中說第一，在第二要點的過渡語中說第二，等等。

Another version of that is to rephrase your topic sentence for the main point but leave off the signpost.

另一種方法是將主題句改寫為要點，但去掉路標。

In this case, you would get to the end of your point about lifting weights and give what's called a regular summary transition.

在這種情況下，你會在關於舉重的觀點結束時，給出一個所謂的常規總結過渡。

And you might say, as you can see, lifting weights has lots of benefits.

你可能會說，正如你所看到的，舉重有很多好處。

Now, I personally recommend keeping the signpost in the transition statement at the end of those main points.

現在，我個人建議將過渡語句中的路標放在這些要點的末尾。

I wouldn't say it's required but I think it's a little more clear.

我不會說這是必須的，但我認為這更清楚一些。

But I've heard many speakers leave off those signposts in their summary transitions and it still works really well.

但我聽過很多演講者在總結過渡時省略了這些路標，效果依然很好。

The next type of transition we'll look at has two parts.

下一種過渡類型包括兩個部分。

First, you look back and then you look forward.

先回顧過去，再展望未來。

In part A, you say fairly directly that you have finished talking about one point, and then in part B, you show that you're moving on to the next point.

在 A 部分，你相當直接地說，你已經談完了一個要點，然後在 B 部分，你表明你正在轉向下一個要點。

Using the same example, my transition at the end of my first point about lifting weights would sound like this.

同樣的例子，我在關於舉重的第一點結尾處的過渡是這樣的。

Now that I've told you all the benefits that come with lifting weights, let's talk about another type of exercise.

既然我已經告訴了你舉重的所有好處，那麼讓我們來談談另一種鍛鍊方式。

And then the next thing out of my mouth would be my signposted topic sentence that talks about cardiovascular exercise.

然後，我的下一句話就是關於心血管鍛鍊的主題句。

At the end of my entire point about cardiovascular exercise, this looking back, looking forward type of transition would sound like this.

在我關於心血管鍛鍊的整個觀點的最後，這種回顧過去、展望未來式的過渡聽起來是這樣的。

Those are the many benefits of cardiovascular exercise.

這就是心血管鍛鍊的諸多益處。

Let's turn to the final type of exercise I recommend.

讓我們來看看我推薦的最後一種鍛鍊方式。

And then the next words out of your mouth would be the signposted topic sentence that sounds like this.

然後，你的下一句話就是這樣的主題句。

Third, stretching is one of the best ways to prevent injuries while getting in shape.

第三，拉伸是在塑身過程中預防受傷的最佳方法之一。

You can use your own words, of course.

當然，你也可以使用自己的話。

You want to make it sound like you.

你想讓它聽起來像你自己。

Just make sure your transition looks back and looks forward, and then it'll be really clear that you're moving to your next point.

只要確保你的過渡既能回顧過去，又能展望未來，那麼你就會非常清楚地知道你正在向下一個目標前進。

Let me quickly recap these three ways to transition, and then I'll give you some pro tips.

讓我快速回顧一下這三種過渡方法，然後再給你一些專業建議。

You have your signposted transition with a summary.

您已經有了帶有摘要的過渡路標。

Next, you have your summary transition where you recap the point you just talked about, what you leave off the signpost.

接下來是總結過渡，在這裡你要回顧一下剛才談到的要點，也就是路標上沒有提到的內容。

And third, you have this looking back and looking forward style of transition.

第三，你有這種回顧過去、展望未來的過渡方式。

There are other types and variations of these, but these are the three that I see used most often and that I recommend.

其中還有其他類型和變體，但這三種是我最常用的，也是我推薦使用的。

Let me give you four quick pro tips about some common questions I get.

讓我就一些常見問題給你們提供四個快速的專業建議。

One question is, do you really need both a topic sentence for the next point?

一個問題是，下一個要點真的需要主題句嗎？

So it's not required, but that's what I recommend.

所以這不是必須的，但我建議這樣做。

For example, the transition statement and the signposted topic sentence are not the same thing.

例如，過渡語句和標示主題句不是一回事。

People often confuse these, but they play two different roles.

人們經常把它們混為一談，其實它們扮演著兩種不同的角色。

I recommend you experiment with your wording until you have one concise statement that pulls your initial point together.

我建議你嘗試使用不同的措辭，直到你能用一個簡潔的語句將你最初的觀點串聯起來。

That's your transition statement.

這是你的過渡聲明。

And then give a one second pause before signposting and introducing your next point.

然後停頓一秒鐘，再標示和介紹下一個要點。

These two sentences are related, of course, they work together, but treat your transition statement and topic sentence as two different elements.

當然，這兩個句子是相互關聯的，它們可以共同發揮作用，但要將過渡語和主題句視為兩個不同的要素。

Another question I hear is, what about the end of your third main point?

我聽到的另一個問題是，第三個要點的結尾怎麼辦？

Do you need a transition statement there?

你需要過渡聲明嗎？

Yes, but it's the least important transition statement because your conclusion is the very next part.

是的，但這是最不重要的過渡語句，因為下一部分才是你的結論。

But I still believe you should use a concise transition statement that simply recaps the main point.

但我仍然認為，你應該使用簡潔的過渡語，簡單概括要點。

It's not as important to signpost on the third transition because it's your last point.

在第三個過渡點設置路標並不那麼重要，因為這是你的最後一個點。

You also can't do a looking back, looking forward transition there for the same reason.

出於同樣的原因，你也不能在那裡進行 "回顧過去 "和 "展望未來 "的轉換。

That's why I recommend that you just recap with one concise statement on your third point.

是以，我建議你就第三點做一個簡明扼要的總結。

As an example, you might say, stretching is one of the best ways to prevent injuries.

舉個例子，你可能會說，拉伸是預防受傷的最佳方法之一。

A summary transition statement like that shows that you're bringing the point to a close.

這樣的總結性過渡語句表明，你正在為觀點畫上句號。

And of course, when you move to your conclusion of the presentation, the next words out of your mouth should be something along the lines of, in conclusion, or in closing, or another phrase that signals you're wrapping it all up.

當然，當你要結束演講時，你的下一句話應該是 "總結 "或 "結束"，或者其他表示你要結束演講的詞語。

The third question I hear is about the relative smoothness of these transitions and the extent to which the main body points will seem too disconnected or separated by transition statements like this.

我聽到的第三個問題是關於這些過渡的相對平滑性，以及主體要點在多大程度上會顯得過於脫節或被這樣的過渡語句隔開。

I have to say I've never seen that happen in an weightlifting, cardiovascular, and stretching.

我不得不說，在舉重、心血管和伸展運動中，我從未見過這種情況。

Those are all part of one connected story about the benefits of exercise.

這些都是關於運動益處的連環故事的一部分。

If you selected the right main points like this, then there'll be a logical flow to everything you say.

如果你能像這樣選擇正確的要點，那麼你所說的每句話都會順理成章。

They'll all feed back to your thesis statement.

它們都會反饋到你的論文陳述中。

So the transition statements that I'm recommending won't sound choppy at all.

是以，我推薦的過渡語句聽起來一點也不會不流暢。

They'll sound clear.

聽起來會很清晰。

And the fourth pro tip is to use these principles about clarity, but I encourage you to use your own It's much better if you use my suggested wording as a jumping-off place.

第四個建議是使用這些關於清晰度的原則，但我鼓勵你使用自己的原則。

So you don't sound like me, you sound like you.

所以你聽起來不像我，你聽起來像你自己。

You want to dress up your transition statements a bit and make them sound more artful, more colorful, more unique.

你要為你的過渡語句打扮一番，讓它們聽起來更藝術、更多彩、更獨特。

That's great.

好極了

Just keep in mind all of this, the transitions, the signposts, that's for your listeners' benefit.

請記住，所有這些、過渡和路標都是為了聽眾的利益。

If you're using strong transition statements like these, your listeners will be able to follow you easily and never lose track of where you are in your message.

如果你使用了這樣強有力的過渡語句，你的聽眾就能輕鬆地跟上你的思路，而不會跟不上你在資訊中的位置。

Be sure to take a look at my website.

一定要看看我的網站。

There's an entire page of free resources for you.

這裡有一整頁的免費資源供您使用。

There's a class, for example, on the top five essential communication skills that all professionals should have.

例如，有一門課是關於所有專業人員都應掌握的五大基本溝通技巧的。

There are free downloads and other things.

有免費下載和其他東西。

I'll put a link to that in the description below this video.

我會在本視頻下方的說明中提供鏈接。

Until next time, thanks, God bless, and I'll see you soon.

下次再見，感謝上帝，願上帝保佑你們。