This is the moment the team on the SpaceX Polaris Dawn mission started to move out of the capsule.

這就是太空探索技術公司（SpaceX）"北極星黎明號"（Polaris Dawn）任務團隊開始移出太空艙的時刻。

They were effectively testing out a new design and new techniques, while paying for the privilege courtesy of billionaire tech entrepreneur Jared Isaacman, who is indeed the first person out of the capsule.

他們實際上是在測試一種新的設計和新的技術，同時為億萬富翁、科技企業家賈裡德-艾薩克曼（Jared Isaacman）的特權買單。

And let's show you these live pictures now from inside the capsule, because after being out in space for Jared Isaacman and also Sarah Gillis, a SpaceX engineer, the team of four, there are four on board the capsule, are now waiting while it re-pressurises.

現在讓我們來看看太空艙內的實時圖片，因為在賈裡德-艾薩克曼（Jared Isaacman）和太空探索技術公司（SpaceX）的工程師薩拉-吉利斯（Sarah Gillis）進入太空後，太空艙上的四人小組正在等待太空艙重新加壓。

Remember, there was no airlock here on this craft.

請記住，這艘飛船上沒有氣閘。

The whole craft had to depressurise to allow the pressure inside to become equal with that of the space around them, to match the pressure of that space.

整個飛船必須減壓，使飛船內部的壓力與周圍空間的壓力相等，與空間的壓力相匹配。

And now it has to be re-pressurised.

現在必須重新加壓。

So that is the process we're seeing the four astronauts go through at the moment.

這就是我們看到的四名太空人目前正在經歷的過程。

And of course, just a reminder, they're not professional astronauts.

當然，還要提醒大家，他們不是專業太空人。

That's one of the many new aspects of what we've seen taking place today on this historic mission.

這是我們今天看到的這次歷史性任務的許多新內容之一。

And I'm joined now, I'm pleased to say, by Libby Jackson, who is the head of space exploration at the UK Space Agency.

現在，我很高興地宣佈，英國航天局太空探索負責人利比-傑克遜（Libby Jackson）加入我的行列。

Libby, great to have you with us on such a significant day, a day of many firsts.

Libby，很高興在這樣一個重要的日子，一個充滿許多第一次的日子裡，你能和我們在一起。

Many, many firsts.

許許多多的第一次

It is fantastic to see that this commercial space sector in low Earth orbit is taking these steps, because it is the transition from a government-funded enterprise, which we've seen over the last 50, 60 years, to a place where there are new opportunities, new investors, new funding coming in.

看到低地球軌道上的商業航天部門正在採取這些措施真是太棒了，因為它正在從我們在過去50、60年裡看到的由政府資助的企業過渡到一個有新機遇、新投資者和新資金進入的地方。

And the opportunities that that will bring for technology, for new materials, things like new pharmaceuticals, will ultimately benefit everybody back on Earth.

而這將為技術、新材料、新藥物等帶來的機遇，最終將造福地球上的每一個人。

One question people might have is, why isn't NASA, for example, doing this?

人們可能會問，為什麼美國國家航空航天局（NASA）不這樣做呢？

Why is a commercial enterprise doing this?

為什麼商業企業要這樣做？

Well, it's been the goal of space agencies around the world, including NASA, including the UK Space Agency, to see this transition take place.

包括美國國家航空航天局（NASA）和英國航天局在內的世界各地的航天機構一直致力於實現這一轉變。

So SpaceX have contracts with NASA for parts of NASA's work.

是以，SpaceX 與 NASA 簽訂了合同，負責 NASA 的部分工作。

They ferry crew and cargo to and from the International Space Station.

它們為往返於國際空間站的乘員和貨物提供運輸服務。

They will be landing astronauts on the moon in the coming years.

未來幾年，太空人將登陸月球。

But this is something that SpaceX have developed.

但這是 SpaceX 公司開發的。

And that technology development independently is all part of SpaceX's plan.

而這種獨立的技術開發正是 SpaceX 計劃的一部分。

And that will benefit NASA as well, because we'll see that space technology potentially feed into future government-funded missions as well.

這也將使美國國家航空航天局受益，因為我們將看到太空技術也有可能用於未來政府資助的任務。

And of course, this is all part of the wider future exploration of space.

當然，這一切都是未來更廣泛太空探索的一部分。

That's what lies behind missions like this.

這就是像這樣的任務背後的原因。

How dangerous, though?

有多危險？

How risky was it for the four?

四人的風險有多大？

Everything, thankfully, seems to have gone very well so far.

值得慶幸的是，到目前為止，一切似乎都很順利。

It's been really good to see the hatchery pressurization and the spacewalk coming to an end, because it was the first time this has ever been done.

看到孵化室加壓和太空行走即將結束真的很高興，因為這是有史以來第一次這樣做。

And a spacewalk is always a risky part of any mission, along with the launch and the landing.

而太空行走與發射和著陸一樣，總是任何任務中風險最大的部分。

Those are the three parts where there is the most risk to astronauts.

這三個部分對太空人的風險最大。

But anybody undertaking this, SpaceX in this case, always go to great lengths to make sure that the safety of the crew is paramount, that spacecraft will have been tested, the spacesuits will have been tested.

但是，任何從事這項工作的人，比如 SpaceX 公司，都會不遺餘力地確保機組人員的安全，飛船會經過測試，宇航服也會經過測試。

And it does look like everything's gone well.

看起來一切都很順利。

But to have all four astronauts exposed to space, all of them were in these pressure suits.

但是，讓所有四名太空人都暴露在太空中，他們都穿著這些壓力服。

All of them were in that vacuum of space.

他們都在真空的太空中。

That's not been done really since the Gemini missions right back in the 1960s, when we were learning how to live and work in space.

自 20 世紀 60 年代雙子座任務以來，我們還沒有真正做過這樣的任務，當時我們正在學習如何在太空中生活和工作。

And so it's really good to see that this spacewalk appears to have all gone successfully, and the crew are safely back in their capsules.

很高興看到這次太空行走取得了圓滿成功，機組人員已經安全返回太空艙。

Yes, talk to us a little bit more, Libby, about these new spacesuits being used for the first time outside a spacecraft.

是的，跟我們多說一點，利比，關於這些首次在飛船外使用的新型宇航服。

Much less bulky than what people are used to seeing, of course.

當然，它的體積比人們習慣看到的要小得多。

And we saw Jared Eisenman and Sarah Gillis moving their arms around a lot, I guess, to show, to test that flexibility.

我們看到賈裡德-艾森曼和莎拉-吉利斯的手臂在不停地擺動，我猜這是為了顯示或測試他們的靈活性。

Yeah, one of the reasons they're much less bulky compared to what people might be used to seeing on the International Space Station is that they don't have a big backpack on board.

是的，與人們可能習慣在國際空間站上看到的東西相比，它們的體積要小得多，原因之一就是它們沒有一個大揹包。

Astronauts who are carrying out spacewalks on the ISS are completely in their own spacecraft.

在國際空間站進行太空行走的太空人完全是在自己的飛船裡。

They're tethered to the spacecraft through cables.

它們通過電纜被拴在飛船上。

But all the oxygen, all the cooling, everything they need to keep them alive is contained within the spacesuit.

但是，所有的氧氣、所有的冷卻設備，以及維持他們生命所需的一切都包含在宇航服中。

And these spacesuits that we've seen today have an umbilical.

我們今天看到的這些宇航服都有一個臍帶。

They have a cable feeding the oxygen, feeding all the power, everything that they need.

它們有一條輸送氧氣的電纜，可以輸送所有的電力，以及它們所需要的一切。

So they were permanently connected to their spacecraft.

是以，它們與飛船永久連接。

But still, the new technology has enabled better joints, thinner materials.

不過，新技術還是讓接頭變得更好，材料變得更薄。

There's been a heads-up display inside those helmets, allowing the crew to see better the status of their spacesuit.

頭盔內有一個平視顯示器，可以讓機組人員更好地瞭解宇航服的狀態。

And all of these technology developments are great because we haven't seen new spacesuits developed for decades.

所有這些技術的發展都是偉大的，因為我們已經有幾十年沒有看到新的宇航服被開發出來了。

There are now new spacesuits being developed, not just by SpaceX here, but also looking forward, we will have to have new spacesuits for landing on the moon, for the Lunar Gateway.

現在，不僅是 SpaceX 公司正在開發新的宇航服，而且展望未來，我們還必須有新的宇航服用於登陸月球，用於 "月球通道"。

And so, yeah, technology pushing forward, improving spacesuits benefits everybody in space.

是以，技術的進步、宇航服的改進對太空中的每個人都有好處。

But we'll see the technology also filter through into applications on Earth into similar places.

不過，我們也將看到這項技術在地球上類似地方的應用。

And that's great.

這很好。

So we're continuing, Libby, as we chat, to watch these live pictures.

Libby, 我們一邊哈拉，一邊繼續觀看這些現場圖片。

I always find it incredible.

我總是覺得不可思議。

I never tire of something like this, seeing these live pictures from space coming to us.

看到這些來自太空的實時圖片，我永遠都不會厭倦。

And alongside Jared Eisman and Sarah Gillis, who I've already mentioned, we have Scott Petit, who's the mission pilot and a retired US Air Force Lieutenant, Lieutenant, and Anna Menon, also a SpaceX senior engineer.

除了我已經提到過的賈裡德-艾斯曼和薩拉-吉利斯之外，我們還有斯科特-佩蒂特，他是任務飛行員，也是一名退役的美國空軍中尉，中尉，還有安娜-梅農，也是太空探索技術公司的一名高級工程師。

They're the other two members of the crew.

他們是另外兩名船員。

And it's interesting to observe that at the moment, Libby, there are more people in space than ever before since the history of space exploration began.

有趣的是，利比，目前在太空中的人數比太空探索史開始以來的任何時候都要多。

It is fantastic.

真是太棒了。

It's wonderful to see.

看到這些真是太好了。

We've got the crew on the International Space Station who have just been joined, I think, yesterday by the new crew launching in the Soyuz.

國際空間站的工作人員昨天剛剛加入，我想，新的工作人員乘坐聯盟號發射升空。

So there are nine there.

所以那裡有九個人。

There are the four on board Polaris Dawn, and there are the three Taikonauts on the Chinese Space Station.

北極星黎明號上有四名太空人，中國空間站上有三名太康太空人。

It's a sign of what is happening in low Earth orbit.

這表明低地球軌道正在發生什麼。

Slowly but surely, this is opening up new opportunities.

緩慢但肯定的是，這將帶來新的機遇。

There will be commercial opportunities there.

那裡會有商業機會。

We will see new areas of economy develop.

我們將看到新經濟領域的發展。

We know that if we develop new materials in space where you don't feel the effects of gravity, we can make things like semiconductors, things like pharmaceuticals that have different properties that can be more energy efficient, that will potentially treat cancer in different ways.

我們知道，如果我們在太空中開發出新的材料，你就不會感受到重力的影響，我們就能製造出像半導體這樣的東西，像具有不同特性的藥品這樣的東西，它們能更有效地利用能源，有可能以不同的方式治療癌症。

These are the sorts of developments that we will see as low Earth orbit becomes more commercial.

隨著低地球軌道變得更加商業化，我們將會看到這些發展。

It's one of the reasons the UK Space Agency is working with Axiom Space to a potentially fully commercially funded mission in the future.

這也是英國航天局與 Axiom Space 公司合作的原因之一。

We have to find new ways of bringing in new investment, new ways of operating, as governments look to push the boundaries, perhaps to return to the Moon and maybe one day onto Mars.

我們必須找到引入新投資的新方法和新的營運方式，因為各國政府都在尋求突破，也許重返月球，也許有一天重返火星。

Okay.

好的

It's busy up there at the moment, isn't it?

那裡現在很忙，不是嗎？

Libby, thank you very much.

莉比，非常感謝你。

Libby Jackson, Head of Space Exploration at the UK Space Agency.

Libby Jackson，英國航天局太空探索負責人。

Thank you.

謝謝。