You feel more energetic, positive.

你會感覺更有活力、更積極。

You know, the whole day is going to be pretty good. I think my mood goes up, doubles, you know.

你知道，一整天都會很愉快。我想我的心情也會好起來，加倍，你知道的。

I'm Marnie Chesterton, and you're listening to CrowdScience, the show that answers questions sent to us from all over the world, and sometimes, if we're lucky, also takes us to some of those places, which is why I'm currently enjoying some winter sunshine in southern

我是瑪妮-切斯特頓（Marnie Chesterton），您正在收聽的是CrowdScience節目，該節目回答世界各地發送給我們的問題，有時，如果幸運的話，還會帶我們去一些地方，這就是為什麼我現在正在南部享受冬日陽光的原因。

Spain.

西班牙。

I'm here to try and find out whether the weather makes a difference to our mood and our health, because listener Michael in Australia got in touch with this question.

我在這裡試圖找出天氣是否會影響我們的心情和健康，因為澳洲的聽眾邁克爾（Michael）向我提出了這個問題。

I would like to know why so many people at the slightest sight of sunshine and warmth have sharply increased enthusiasm for life, and their moods appear far happier. I'm wondering as to the science on whether it's actually better health-wise to live in a warm climate.

我想知道，為什麼很多人一看到陽光和溫暖，就會對生活充滿熱情，心情也會愉悅得多。我想知道，生活在溫暖的氣候中是否真的更有利於健康。

I'd like you, Michael, to tell me a bit more about the bit of Australia that you're from, because I always think of Australia as hot and sunny, but you live in an anomaly?

邁克爾，我想請你給我講講你來自的那個澳洲，因為我一直認為澳洲是炎熱和陽光明媚的，但你卻生活在一個反常的地方？

I think the anomaly is the southern part, particularly where I'm from in Melbourne, which is southern Victoria. We have an oceanic climate, which is not much different to what you guys have in London. Of course, we have greater variation with higher highs, but we also have a terribly gloomy climate by the standard of Australia, and that's what's important to remember here, Marnie. This is not by the standard of, I don't know, Scandinavia or something like that. The problem that we have here locally is the inconsistency. Summertime or leading into summertime, you might have a 25, 26, 27 degree day for three days in a row, and it'll just tank to 16, 17. Can I ask what kind of effect that has on the people in Melbourne? What you have is that typical cold climate drop-headedness. I also lived in Sweden, and I noticed it absolutely everywhere in Sweden.

我認為反常的是南部地區，尤其是我的家鄉墨爾本，也就是維多利亞州南部。我們這裡屬於海洋性氣候，與你們倫敦的氣候並無太大區別。當然，我們的氣候變化很大，最高氣溫更高，但以澳洲的標準來看，我們的氣候也陰沉得可怕。我不知道斯堪的納維亞或類似國家的標準是什麼。我們當地的問題是不一致。夏季或進入夏季後，可能會連續三天出現 25、26、27 度的天氣，然後氣溫就會降到 16、17 度。請問這對墨爾本人有什麼影響？這就是典型的寒冷氣候下的 "頹廢"。我也曾在瑞典生活過，我注意到瑞典到處都有這種情況。

When the sunshine comes out, and there's a little bit of warmth behind it, the mood is better. Everyone's at the cafe. Hey, mate, how are you going? How's the day? Yeah, great.

當陽光出來的時候，背後有一絲溫暖，心情就會好起來。大家都在咖啡館嘿，夥計，你好嗎？今天怎麼樣？嗯，很好

You're not just interested in mood, right? You also want to know about whether living somewhere sunny has an effect on other health conditions. Anything in particular?

您不僅對情緒感興趣，對嗎？您還想知道生活在陽光充足的地方是否會對其他健康狀況產生影響。有什麼特別的影響嗎？

No, not really. I mean, I'm interested in the science as to whether it is actually factually better health-wise to base yourself in a warm climate, or if it's in your mind, and therefore you have a better existence because your mind is a little healthier because of it.

不，不是真的。我的意思是，我對科學很感興趣，究竟是把自己安置在溫暖的氣候中更有利於健康，還是這只是你的想法，是以你會有更好的生存環境，因為你的思想會是以更健康一些。

I'm not sure, and I'd love you guys to answer that.

我不確定，希望你們能回答這個問題。

Have you thought about moving? Yeah, of course. Yeah, absolutely. Yeah.

你想過搬家嗎？當然想過當然想過當然 - Yeah.

Is it common in Australia for people to head to hotter parts?

在澳洲，人們去更熱的地方是否很常見？

Extremely. You get it a lot here with people with arthritis and other conditions like that where the doctors will say to you, hey, you probably really should consider living in a warmer climate. We have that option granted in this country.

非常。在這裡，關節炎患者和其他類似疾病患者經常會遇到這種情況，醫生會對你說，嘿，你也許真的應該考慮住在氣候溫暖的地方。在這個國家，我們有這樣的選擇權。

Admittedly, most people don't have that option, but for me, living in London with its winter gloom and unpredictable summers, it does sound tempting. I've come to the little whitewashed village of Jite in a valley in Andalusia in southern Spain. There are golden mountains rising all around me, and orange trees and olive trees as far as the eye can see, and

誠然，大多數人都沒有這樣的選擇，但對於生活在倫敦的我來說，冬天陰沉沉的，夏天變幻莫測，這聽起來確實很誘人。我來到西班牙南部安達盧西亞一個山谷中粉牆黛瓦的小村莊吉特。金色的群山環繞著我，橘子樹和橄欖樹盡收眼底。

I've got to say, it's pretty idyllic. This part of Spain where temperatures tend to stay above 20 degrees Celsius in December is home to loads of retired British people, and they're all convinced that the weather's responsible for their excellent health.

我不得不說，這裡的田園風光真是美不勝收。在西班牙的這個地區，12 月的氣溫往往保持在 20 攝氏度以上，這裡住著許多退休的英國人，他們都堅信，他們的健康與這裡的天氣息息相關。

My name's Carol. I was diagnosed with ME and fibromyalgia and had a lot of joint pain and nerve pain. When I came to live here in Spain, the heat actually made me physically better as well as psychologically. You want to go outside more, rather than in England. You feel as if you want to stay in the warmth of your home.

我叫卡羅爾。我被診斷出患有 ME 和纖維肌痛，並伴有很多關節痛和神經痛。當我來到西班牙生活時，炎熱的天氣實際上讓我的身體和心理都得到了改善。與在英國時相比，你更想出去走走。你會覺得你想呆在溫暖的家裡。

My name is Alwyn, and I've lived here for 19 years, I think. When I was diagnosed with arthritis, then it just seemed like a good idea and I talked it over with a consultant and he thought it was a good idea, so out we came. I don't know if it's just that you psychologically feel better about it when the sun's shining, or whether you really feel better, but it's certainly not as achy.

我叫阿爾文，在這裡住了 19 年了吧。當我被診斷出患有關節炎時，這似乎是個好主意，我和一位顧問商量了一下，他認為這是個好主意，於是我們就來了。我不知道是陽光充足時心理上感覺好些，還是真的感覺好些，但肯定沒有那麼疼了。

My name's Tony Langham, and I've lived here on and off for about 12 years.

我叫託尼-朗厄姆，在這裡斷斷續續住了大約 12 年。

And you've got a heart condition, right?

你有心臟病，對吧？

I had stents put in last year, yeah. It is easier to look after your heart out here than it is in England, definitely. I mean, the cold, for one thing, can really get to you.

我去年做了心臟支架手術。在這裡照顧心臟比在英國容易多了，絕對的。我是說，這裡的寒冷真的會讓你受不了。

Do you think the weather makes a difference to your health?

您認為天氣會影響您的健康嗎？

Yeah, I think that certainly does, yeah. Psychologically, I think, probably, but as we're body and mind together, obviously if it's making one thing better, it's making everything better.

是的，我想肯定是這樣的。從心理上講，我想是的，但既然我們的身體和心靈都在一起，很明顯，如果能讓一件事變得更好，就能讓一切都變得更好。

Tony, Alwyn and Carol all think that living somewhere warmer and drier than the UK has eased their aches and pains. But what is it that's helping? Is it the warmth from the sunshine? Or the extra light from a sky not blanketed in cloud? Or is it that this sunny climate is making them feel positive, which changes their mindsets about their health conditions? Or is the sun directly improving their arthritis or angina?

託尼、阿爾文和卡羅爾都認為，生活在比英國更溫暖乾燥的地方緩解了他們的痠痛。但究竟是什麼在幫助他們呢？是陽光帶來的溫暖？還是沒有云層遮擋的天空帶來的額外光照？還是陽光明媚的氣候讓他們感覺積極向上，從而改變了他們對健康狀況的看法？還是陽光直接改善了他們的關節炎或心絞痛？

Well, if you're familiar with our back catalogue, you'll know CrowdScience has investigated the link between weather and pain before. And we discovered that while loads of people think there's a connection, the science has been under-researched.

如果您熟悉我們的新聞報道，就會知道 CrowdScience 曾經調查過天氣與疼痛之間的聯繫。我們發現，雖然很多人都認為兩者之間存在聯繫，但對科學的研究卻不足。

For centuries, patients have said that there is this link between weather conditions and their pain, but scientists were never able to pinpoint it.

幾個世紀以來，病人一直說天氣條件與他們的疼痛之間存在著這種聯繫，但科學家們卻始終無法確定這種聯繫。

Until fairly recently. That's data scientist Anna Bokenhorst. She's one of the authors of a study which analysed data from around 10,000 people across the UK to try and get a clearer picture of what's going on. Participants with a range of conditions used their smartphones to report their daily levels of pain. Then the team cross-referenced that information with the precise weather data in their location.

直到最近。這就是數據科學家安娜-博肯霍斯特（Anna Bokenhorst）。她是一項研究的作者之一，這項研究分析了英國約一萬人的數據，試圖更清楚地瞭解發生了什麼。患有各種疾病的參與者使用智能手機報告他們每天的疼痛程度。然後，研究小組將這些資訊與他們所在位置的精確天氣數據進行交叉對比。

And we found that higher humidity, lower air pressure and stronger winds were significantly associated with increased pain. So on the worst possible combination, which would be a humid, windy day with low pressure, painful days were 20% more likely. And interestingly, we didn't find a link between temperature and pain or between rain and pain.

我們發現，溼度越高、氣壓越低、風力越大，疼痛感就越明顯。是以，在最糟糕的情況下，也就是在潮溼、大風和低氣壓的日子裡，疼痛的可能性要高出 20%。有趣的是，我們並沒有發現溫度與疼痛或下雨與疼痛之間存在聯繫。

That's interesting because low pressure weather tends to be stormy or cloudy and cloud means less sunshine. And yet there's no statistically significant link between pain levels and rain or temperature. In general, people were likely to suffer just as much when it was hot. Which might sound surprising to people like Carol and Olwen and Tony, who say they're less achy and more mobile now they've settled under the Spanish sun. But they did all mention the physical and psychological aspects of waking up to sunshine and blue skies. So could something else be going on?

這很有趣，因為低氣壓天氣往往是暴風雨或多雲，多雲意味著陽光較少。然而，從統計學角度來看，疼痛程度與雨水或溫度之間並無明顯聯繫。一般來說，天氣炎熱時，人們可能會遭受同樣多的痛苦。卡羅爾、奧爾文和託尼等人說，他們在西班牙的陽光下安頓下來後，疼痛減輕了，行動也更方便了。但他們都提到了在陽光和藍天下醒來的生理和心理感受。那麼，會不會有其他原因呢？

One option is that warm, nice weather may affect people's mood. Because we saw in our study that people's mood had a strong relationship with pain. And that was even stronger than the link between weather and pain. Of course, you have a bit of a chicken and egg question. So we actually couldn't determine what came first, the bad mood or a lot of pain. And I think if you suffer a lot of pain, and all the daily living activities get much harder, yeah, then that may also affect your mood.

一種可能是，溫暖舒適的天氣可能會影響人們的情緒。因為我們在研究中發現，人們的情緒與疼痛有著密切的關係。這甚至比天氣和疼痛之間的關係更密切。當然，這有點像雞和蛋的問題。是以，我們實際上無法確定是什麼先發生，是心情不好還是疼痛劇烈。我認為，如果你遭受了很多疼痛，所有的日常生活活動都變得更加困難，那麼這也可能會影響你的情緒。

Okay, but there is a possibility that even if you're suffering from chronic pain, there's some sort of positive mood benefit from having lovely sunny weather. And that may influence your pain levels.

好吧，但有一種可能性是，即使你患有慢性疼痛，陽光明媚的天氣也會給你帶來某種積極的情緒影響。這可能會影響你的疼痛程度。

Yes, yes. I read one interesting article, where they sent people from Norway to Spain to benefit from the climate. And I think there, during the whole study period, which maybe was one month or so, they didn't see any differences. But the first couple of days, people were both happier and more pain free than they were in their home location.

是的，是的。我讀過一篇有趣的文章，他們把挪威人送到西班牙，讓他們從氣候中獲益。我想，在整個研究期間，也許是一個月左右，他們沒有發現任何差異。但在最初的幾天裡，人們比在家鄉時更快樂，也更無痛苦。

Despite the lack of hard scientific evidence that hotter weather is actually better for people suffering painful conditions, something about putting folk out into the sunshine does seem to trick some people's brains into feeling less pain, kind of like a warm placebo. Anna mentioned Norwegians who make winter trips to Spain to benefit from the Mediterranean climate, they felt happier when they first arrived. If you've ever been to Norway, you'll know it gets very cold and very dark in the winter. Some bits of the country see absolutely no sunshine for months on end. And I'm intrigued.

儘管缺乏確鑿的科學證據證明炎熱的天氣確實更有利於疼痛患者，但讓人們在陽光下活動似乎確實會誘使一些人的大腦感覺疼痛減輕，有點像溫暖的安慰劑。安娜提到，挪威人冬天去西班牙旅遊，從地中海氣候中獲益，他們剛到西班牙時感覺更快樂。如果你去過挪威，就會知道那裡的冬天非常寒冷和黑暗。挪威的某些地區連續數月不見陽光。我很感興趣。

I've got one side of the bag that's got my sandals and short-sleeved t-shirts. And then the other side is hats, gloves and thermals.

包的一邊放涼鞋和短袖 T 恤。另一面是帽子、手套和保暖衣。

Which is how I find myself swapping the orange groves of Andalusia for a small snowy town three hours west of Oslo.

是以，我發現自己從安達盧西亞的橘子林來到了奧斯陸以西三小時車程的冰雪小鎮。

Oh, that is bracing.

哦，真讓人振奮。

Called Rukan.

叫魯坎。

These guys do winter differently to people in southern Spain, clearly.

這些人過冬的方式顯然與西班牙南部的人不同。

We've just arrived in Rukan and let me just say it's a lot colder than it was in Spain.

我們剛剛抵達魯坎，我得說，這裡比西班牙冷多了。

My fingers are freezing and that's partly because for six months of the year, in this valley, the sun doesn't reach the town at all. Until a few years ago, the only way people could catch any rays was to take a cable car to the top of one of the mountains overlooking the town. I'm going to take a ride to the top and find out what a difference it makes for people who live their life in the shadows.

我的手指都凍僵了，部分原因是在這個山谷裡，一年中有六個月的時間太陽根本照不到小鎮。直到幾年前，人們還只能乘坐纜車登上俯瞰小鎮的山頂，才能捕捉到一絲陽光。我打算坐纜車到山頂，看看它給生活在陰影中的人們帶來了怎樣的變化。

From the top of the cable car, you can look down onto the long, narrow streets blanketed in blue shade at the bottom of a valley formed by two walls of mountains.

站在纜車頂端，您可以俯瞰由兩面山壁圍成的山谷底部被藍蔭覆蓋的狹長街道。

It does seem like a strange place to build a town. And yes, Rukan is relatively young.

在這裡建鎮確實很奇怪。是的，魯坎相對年輕。

Founded in the early 1900s, when an entrepreneur realised that the long waterfall coming off one of those mountains could be tapped for a hydroelectric power plant. And it was the hydroelectric company that built the cable car so that its employees could travel to the top and feel the sun on their faces.

該公司成立於 20 世紀初，當時一位企業家意識到，可以利用其中一座山上的長長瀑布修建水電站。正是這家水力發電公司建造了纜車，讓員工們可以登頂感受陽光。

If you go to the top of the station, to the viewing point, you might reach the sun, maybe.

如果你去車站頂端的觀景臺，也許能看到太陽。

We're properly sun-chasing.

我們在追逐陽光

You guys have come up here. Can I ask, do you live in Norway?

你們來到這裡。我能問一下，你們住在挪威嗎？

Yes.

是的。

We live in Oslo.

我們住在奧斯陸。

And you thought, well, I'll come to the valley with no sunshine just to feel better about how much sunshine there is in Oslo.

你會想，好吧，我就來這個沒有陽光的山谷，好讓自己感覺奧斯陸有多少陽光。

Yeah, that's true.

是的，沒錯。

I always thought that, I mean, of course the sun is something you need. And you need that to survive and live. And the fact that people actually live here without it, it's fascinating.

我一直認為，我是說，太陽當然是你需要的東西。你需要它來生存和生活而事實上，人們在沒有陽光的情況下也能生活，這很吸引人。

Fascinating may be one way to describe life in Rukan, but for many people here, the winter is pretty hard.

用 "迷人 "來形容魯坎的生活或許是一種方式，但對這裡的許多人來說，冬天是相當難熬的。

For a start, we use direct sunshine to make vitamin D, which might play a role in regulating mood and is well known to guard against many conditions from colds to cardiovascular disease.

首先，我們直接利用陽光來製造維生素 D，它可能在調節情緒方面發揮作用，而且眾所周知，它可以預防從感冒到心血管疾病等多種疾病。

Sunshine also plays a key role in a mental illness sometimes called seasonal affective disorder, or SAD.

陽光在一種有時被稱為季節性情感障礙或 SAD 的精神疾病中也起著關鍵作用。

This form of winter depression happens when we make too much of a hormone called melatonin, which has a production process regulated by sunlight.

這種形式的冬季抑鬱症發生在我們製造過多一種叫做褪黑激素的荷爾蒙時，這種荷爾蒙的生產過程受陽光調節。

Not enough light, and our body clocks are thrown off their regular rhythm, triggering all sorts of symptoms, including a lack of energy.

光照不足，我們的身體時鐘就會偏離正常節奏，引發各種症狀，包括精力不足。

More need to sleep, reduce mood ramps, more appetite, especially sweets, weight gain, social withdrawal, and reduce sex drive.

更需要睡眠，情緒波動減小，食慾增加，尤其是甜食，體重增加，社交退縮，性慾減退。

And according to town psychologist Bjørn Berkerland, Rukan has higher levels of SAD than other parts of Norway.

根據城鎮心理學家比約恩-貝克蘭（Bjørn Berkerland）的研究，魯坎的薩德發病率高於挪威其他地區。

The rest of Norway, we think it's about 5 to 10 percent. And in Rukan, we estimate it to 15, 16 percent.

在挪威其他地區，我們認為這一比例約為 5%至 10%。而在魯坎，我們估計為 15%至 16%。

Can you treat it?

你能治療嗎？

Yes, with sun and light. It's the only method.

是的，用陽光和光線。這是唯一的方法。

So he prescribes light therapies to people who have SAD.

是以，他給患有 SAD 的人開出了光療處方。

He prescribes light therapy, which is what it sounds like, a big bright lamp to sit in front of for 30 minutes every morning to try and combat the problem.

他給我開了光療處方，聽起來就像每天早上坐在一盞明亮的大臺燈前 30 分鐘，試圖解決這個問題。

But even for people without SAD, the option of travelling to the top of the mountain to see sunshine didn't quite cut it.

但是，即使對於沒有 SAD 的人來說，到山頂去看陽光的選擇也不太合適。

I moved there in 2002. I knew the conditions, but still it was very strange because we moved in the autumn, just when the sun started to disappear.

我是 2002 年搬到那裡的。我知道那裡的條件，但還是覺得很奇怪，因為我們是在秋天搬的家，正好是太陽開始消失的時候。

Oh, brutal. So how bad was it?

哦，太殘忍了有多慘？

The first impression was quite bad. It was more the idea that the sun is disappearing.

第一印象相當糟糕。更多的印象是太陽正在消失。

Especially in the autumn time, it's a very big difference between being in the sun and being in the shadow because it pushed down the cold somehow. And I mean, the town, it never dries up.

特別是在秋天，在陽光下和在陰影裡的感覺差別很大，因為陽光會把寒冷壓下去。我的意思是，這個小鎮永遠不會乾涸。

How did it make you feel?

你有什麼感覺？

I don't know, desperate, probably.

我不知道，可能是絕望吧。

And then I thought, yeah, but why not just reflect it down to one place and there will always be sun in this place if it's a sunny day. And then I went to the municipality and

然後我想，是的，但為什麼不把它反射到一個地方，如果是晴天，這個地方總會有太陽。然後我就去了市政府

I proposed the idea. I wrote the document and then I found out it was an old idea from 1913, was the first time. And it's been repeated a lot of times.

我提出了這個想法。我寫了這份文件，然後發現這是 1913 年的一個老想法，是第一次。這個想法被重複了很多次。

Okay, so every generation someone comes along and goes, why don't we do this?

好吧，每一代人都會有人說，我們為什麼不這樣做呢？

Yeah.

是啊

And then nothing happens.

然後什麼也沒發生。

That's the difference between me and the others is that maybe I'm more stupid, so I just never gave up and spent my time on it.

這就是我和其他人的不同之處，也許我更笨，所以我從未放棄，並把時間花在這上面。

Martin Anderson might call himself stupid, but his proposal had a genius simplicity to it.

馬丁-安德森可能會說自己很愚蠢，但他的提議卻有著天才般的簡單。

I arrived in Rukan on a sunny day, by which I mean, you could see the bright sunshine glinting off the mountaintops. Well, Martin wanted to put some massive mirrors up there and angle them to reflect light down into the town. And in 2013, a hundred years after

我是在一個陽光明媚的日子到達魯坎的，我的意思是，你可以看到明媚的陽光從山頂閃過。馬丁想在山頂上安裝幾面巨大的鏡子，讓光線反射到小鎮上。2013年，在這一百年之後

Rukan's founder had first suggested something similar, it's now world famous sun mirrors were levered into place.

Rukan 公司的創始人最早提出了類似的建議，現在世界聞名的太陽鏡就是用槓桿安裝的。

The mirrors are 51 square meters altogether. Coming down, you get 90% of being in the direct sunlight. So it's three mirrors who goes to the same spot. It's on the main square in town. It increase and decrease during the day, but 300 to 600 square meters you get.

鏡子總共有 51 平方米。從上面下來，90%的地方都是陽光直射。是以，有三面鏡子可以照到同一個地方。它位於鎮上的主要廣場上。白天時增時減，但面積在300到600平方米之間。

So three mirrors, each about the size of a bus reflecting light down into the town square.

是以，三面鏡子，每一面都有一輛公共汽車那麼大，將光線反射到城市廣場上。

And it becomes a very nice spot. It's like a theatre light who comes down. It is like being in the sun.

這就成了一個非常漂亮的地方。就像劇院的燈光照射下來。就像在陽光下一樣。

At this point, you're probably wanting me to head to the town square, feel that sun on my face and talk to all the locals I find there sunning themselves. But the town square in Rukan is looking empty and bleak. Because this winter, all three of Rukan's mirrors have broken down.

此時此刻，你可能希望我去鎮上的廣場，感受陽光灑在臉上的感覺，然後和在那裡晒太陽的當地人聊聊天。但是，魯坎鎮的廣場看起來空曠而淒涼。因為這個冬天，魯坎的三面鏡子都壞了。

To get the sunshine in the same spot as the sun's position changes, the mirrors have to undergo micro adjustments to their angles. It's all coordinated by a computer system.

為了讓陽光隨著太陽位置的變化照射到同一位置，鏡子的角度必須進行微調。這一切都是由計算機系統協調完成的。

And sadly, that connection crashed about a week before I arrived. But Martin takes me outside anyway to look up at the mirrors and paint a picture of life in the town when they worked.

遺憾的是，在我抵達前一週，連接中斷了。但馬丁還是把我帶到外面，讓我仰望鏡子，描繪他們工作時的小鎮生活。

Now you see them. You see two is flat.

現在你看到它們了。你看到兩個是平的。

Oh, yes, yes, yes.

哦，是的，是的，是的。

And one is more up.

還有一個更高了。

Is this whole square lit up by the mirrors?

整個廣場都被鏡子照亮了嗎？

No, not the whole. Just in front, in front here.

不，不是整個只是在前面，在前面這裡。

So what, people gather here and just point their faces to the sun and say, burn me now.

所以呢，人們聚集在這裡，把臉對著太陽說，現在就燒死我吧。

And a lot of tourists come here to just be in this spot. It's very funny. You drag them into a dark valley just to see the sun. Reflected sun.

很多遊客來到這裡，就是為了到此一遊。這很有趣你把他們拖進一個黑暗的山谷 就為了看太陽反射的太陽

But it's special sun exactly because it's reflected. I mean, is it the same sun?

但它之所以是特殊的太陽，正是因為它被反射出來了。我是說，這是同一個太陽嗎？

No, it's just the image of the sun. But it makes a very nice contrast to the rest of the place. I call it like a smiling machine because people, they come in and then everybody smiles.

不，這只是太陽的形象。但它與其他地方形成了很好的對比。我稱它為 "微笑機器"，因為人們進來後，每個人都會微笑。

Can you tell me how people are reacting to not having their winter sunshine?

你能告訴我人們對沒有冬日陽光的反應嗎？

I hope they burn cars in the street to get it back.

我希望他們能在街上燒車把它找回來。

How do you feel about not being able to pull into this square and just get...

如果您不能把車停在這個廣場上，然後直接......

I think it's very sad, very sad. It's a big plus to have this little spot of sunlight.

我覺得這很悲哀，非常悲哀。能有這麼一點陽光，真是太好了。

When it's not there, it becomes more gloomy and should be.

當它不存在時，它就會變得更加陰鬱，而且應該如此。

Rukan is showing me how radically the sun can alter our behaviour. The mirrors there act as a magnet for bringing people together at the height of winter, even for just a few minutes. They also remind them what's round the corner, spring.

Rukan 向我展示了太陽可以從根本上改變我們的行為。那裡的鏡子就像一塊磁鐵，在隆冬時節將人們聚集在一起，哪怕只有短短的幾分鐘。鏡子還提醒人們春天即將到來。

The residents celebrate the return of the sunshine in March with a massive fancy dress party. And that chimes with the research. While most of the studies on mood and weather are inconclusive, the importance of seeing sunshine at certain times of the year is becoming better established.

居民們在三月舉行盛大的奇裝異服派對，慶祝陽光的迴歸。這與研究結果不謀而合。雖然大多數關於情緒和天氣的研究都沒有定論，但在一年中的某些時候見到陽光的重要性正得到越來越多的證實。

Oscar Ibarra is a professor of organisational behaviour at the University of Illinois in the US. He was part of a team that discovered that seasonal sunshine not only makes us happier, it can also help us to think more clearly.

奧斯卡-伊巴拉是美國伊利諾伊大學組織行為學教授。他所在的研究小組發現，季節性陽光不僅能讓我們更快樂，還能幫助我們更清晰地思考。

Previous work had looked at simply associating whether it was temperature or pressure with how people were feeling. And our approach was a little different and we thought there would be more nuance in that. What might matter more is the season, right, because after a while, you know, if you're deep into the summer, another warm day is just not, it won't have the same effect as the first few warm days in the spring, for instance.

之前的工作只是將溫度或壓力與人們的感覺聯繫起來。而我們的方法有些不同，我們認為這其中會有更多的細微差別。更重要的可能是季節，對吧，因為過了一段時間，你知道，如果你已經進入夏天，那麼再溫暖的一天也不會有春天最初幾天溫暖的效果了。

Ah, nuance. Because we humans are complex. And Oscar's team thought a sunny day in the right context might have a strong effect. They designed a series of experiments to test how much of an effect seasonal differences had on mood and cognition. And they found two factors were important.