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Over 1.5 billion people use the internet every day, and they search for pretty much anything.
每天有超過 15 億人使用網路,人們幾乎搜尋過所有的事情了。
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Like "Why are barns red?" and "What's up with gluten?"
像「穀倉為什麼是紅色的?」或「為什麼麩質吃多了不好?」
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And we here at SciShow are all about fostering curiosity.
SciShow 的宗旨正是激發你的好奇心。
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That's why we've worked with Google and YouTube to answer ten of the most popular questions searched on the internet.
所以我們與 Google 及 YouTube 合作,替你解答十大網路熱搜。
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This is "The World's Most Asked Questions."
新單元「全世界都在問的問題」。
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Today's question: What is love?
今日主題:愛是什麼?
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It's the kind of thing that keeps poets and philosophers up at night, but science actually has a pretty good explanation for it, too.
這問題讓詩人和哲學家想破了頭,但其實用科學很容易解釋。
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Actually, several explanations.
事實上,還有很多種解釋。
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And the answer might change depending on what kind of scientist you ask.
答案可能因不同領域的科學家而異。
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A biologist would say it's all about reproduction, and the evolution and survival of a species.
生物學家說愛是傳宗接代,關乎物種的進化與生存。
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A psychologist may go on about our need for togetherness and acceptance.
心理學家可能會說,愛是渴求陪伴與接納。
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But possibly the best way to understand love is through chemistry. Brain chemistry.
不過,說愛是大腦的化學反應,也許最爲合理。大腦化學。
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Although the heart is our symbol of love for some reason, when it comes down to it, love is all about the brain.
雖然心形一直被視為愛的代表,但追根究底大腦才是關鍵。
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We know this because we can actually see love in action in brain scans.
透過掃描,我們能確實看見「愛」在腦中運作。
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And you know what? It looks an awful lot like a brain on cocaine.
知道嗎?感受愛的大腦反應超像在嗑藥。
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As a person first falls in love, at least a dozen different brain parts light up to release powerful chemicals — hormones and neurotransmitters
一旦陷入愛河,大腦多處受刺激而釋放強大的化學物,荷爾蒙與神經介質,
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that trigger feelings of excitement, euphoria, bonding, and butterflies.
引發興奮、愉悅、親密感,還讓你小鹿亂撞。
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Research also shows that the kind of unconditional love between a mother and child activates slightly different regions of the brain.
研究也顯示,母親對孩子無條件的愛會啟動腦中不同的區域。
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Early romantic love and attraction, what you might call "passion,"
戀愛初期的吸引力,也就是激情,
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is all about flooding the brain's reward systems in a tsunami of feel-good chemicals like adrenaline, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
以海嘯之姿沖刷大腦「獎酬系統」產生愉悅物質,如腎上腺素、正腎上腺素和多巴胺。
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This is why a brain on intense new love looks a whole lot like a brain on coke.
所以墜入情網時,大腦就像嗑了古柯鹼。
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Adrenaline and norepinephrine amp up your heart rate and get you all restless, while those dopamine drips leave you feeling euphoric.
腎上腺素和正腎上腺素會提高心跳速率,使你心神不寧,多巴胺則會讓你快樂似神仙。
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These chemicals light up your brain's pleasure centers, lowering your pleasure thresholds, and making it easier to feel good about everything.
這些物質刺激「愉悅中樞」,降低你的快樂門檻,讓你輕易對任何事感到開心。
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Interestingly, this kind of passionate new love is also marked by lowered serotonin levels,
有趣的是,為愛痴狂的特徵是血清素濃度降低,
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similar to those found in people with obsessive-compulsive disorders, which may help explain those 30 texts your infatuated new lover sent while you were in the shower.
與強迫症患者相似,這也許可以解釋為何只是洗個澡,情人就瘋傳 30 封簡訊給你的原因。
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Eventually, most of these more intense, obsessive components of new love settle down into a deeper, calmer form of love associated with attachment and bonding.
這種令人窒息的愛終將逐漸緩和,取而代之的是深切平靜的愛,親密地相互依賴。
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Here your brain chemistry starts changing again, and hormones like oxytocin and vasopressin take over.
這時大腦再次起變化,由催產素和升壓素接管。
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Their mission, like Al Green's, is to get you to stay together.
它們的使命是讓你們緊緊相依,就像那首艾爾格林的歌。
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You may have heard of oxytocin, the so-called the "cuddle hormone."
你也許聽過催產素,所謂的「擁抱荷爾蒙」。
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It gets released during orgasms, and for women during childbirth, and it helps cement bonds between people.
它在高潮或分娩時釋放,有助鞏固兩人情感。
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And you can think of vasopressin as the monogamy hormone.
而升壓素有點像「忠誠荷爾蒙」。
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And you know who's taught us more about how it works than anything else?
誰把「忠誠荷爾蒙」發揮得最淋漓盡致呢?
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Prairie voles, one of the very few mammals that mate for life.
草園田鼠,牠們是少數一夫一妻的哺乳類動物。
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After mating, a male vole's brain gets flooded with vasopressin, and essentially gets hooked on his mate forever.
公田鼠在交配後腦部充滿升壓素,從此對母田鼠死心踏地。
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The two then have lots of sex, and all that tiny boot-knocking keeps the vasopressin flowing.
兩隻小傢伙瘋狂的嘿咻,愛的撞擊使升壓素源源不絕。
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When researchers gave voles a compound that suppressed the effects of vasopressin, the pairs quickly fell apart, losing their devotion to each other.
當研究人員對其施打抗升壓素的藥物後這對愛侶便很快分開,不再對彼此忠貞。
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So, while in the poetic sense, love may always be something of a mystery, from the scientific view, it is within the realm of comprehension.
以詩意的角度來看,愛情可能永遠是個難解的謎,但從科學角度,它其實是個很好理解的領域。
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But what about you? How are the love lives of the SciShow viewers?
你呢?SciShow 觀眾們的感情世界又是如何?
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Well, of our survey takers, people within the ages of 51 and 60 are the most likely to have been in love.
據我們調查,51-60 歲的人最有可能墜入情網。
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People who got their energy most from exercise were also more likely to have been in love.
因運動而活力充沛的人也比較容易戀愛。
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On the other hand, people who said they got their energy from food were less likely to have been in love.
另一方面,說自己靠吃東西補充能量的人則較有可能感情空洞。
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Of all the fascinating questions in the world, what question do you want answered most?
世界上千奇百怪的問題這麼多,你最想知道什麼?
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Let us know on Facebook or Twitter or in the comments down below, and we will answer the best questions in a new video at the end of the month.
上 Facebook 或 Twitter 告訴我們,或在下方留言,月底將選出最酷的問題來回答!
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And don't forget to use the hashtag #WMAQ and stay tuned for other videos this week.
別忘加上關鍵字 #WMAQ,並持續鎖定本週最新影片。