Here's why.

原因就在這裡。

I was actually a bad student when I was in school.

實際上，我上學時是個壞學生。

I had bad grades, I missed classes, and I definitely slept in for a few exams or two.

我成績不好，曠過課，有一兩次考試肯定是睡過頭了。

Fast forward to my 20s, I actually discovered that I love learning, getting my hands dirty, gaining new knowledge, experimenting, really deep diving into topics that I found interesting.

轉眼到了 20 多歲，我發現自己喜歡學習，喜歡動手，喜歡獲取新知識，喜歡做實驗，喜歡深入研究自己感興趣的課題。

So the problem was never my interest for learning, but was that I never really had a system that worked for me that helped me learn effectively.

是以，問題從來不在於我對學習的興趣，而在於我從來沒有一個真正適合我的系統來幫助我有效地學習。

So if you also love learning new things or you're in a class right now and you're just really struggling to keep up, here are five of the best strategies that I found that will help you learn anything faster as well as more deeply.

是以，如果你也喜歡學習新知識，或者你現在正在上課，但卻很難跟上進度，那麼以下是我發現的五種最佳策略，它們將幫助你更快更深入地學習任何知識。

All right, let's get meta for a second.

好吧，讓我們先來了解一下。

No, but for real, the first step to making sure that you can learn anything quickly and effectively is to actually figure out the best way to learn that specific topic, aka this video is actually about how to learn, how to learn, how to learn.

不，但說真的，要確保你能快速有效地學習任何知識，第一步就是要真正找出學習該特定主題的最佳方法，也就是這個視頻實際上是關於如何學習、如何學習、如何學習的。

Anyways, every topic or subject actually has a specific efficient route that will help you gain the knowledge more quickly, aka if you're a climber, it's like your beta.

總之，每一個話題或主題其實都有一個特定的高效路線，可以幫助你更快地獲得知識，如果你是一個登山者，它就像是你的測試版。

A beta in climbing is essentially the information that you need to be able to climb the route to reach the top, and that includes your footing, where to put your hands, how to move your body, and all the little strategies that it takes to get to the top.

攀巖中的 Beta 基本上就是攀登路線到達頂峰所需的資訊，包括你的腳步、手放在哪裡、如何移動身體，以及到達頂峰所需的所有小策略。

So for example, if you're learning a language, it can be really helpful to start with the a thousand most common terms in that language or to start by learning the grammatical structure of sentences.

是以，舉例來說，如果你正在學習一門語言，那麼從這門語言中最常見的一千個術語開始學習，或者從學習句子的語法結構開始學習，都會非常有幫助。

We're all probably sick of hearing about the Pareto principle because I talk about it in so many of my videos, so do so many other YouTubers, but that rule of how 20% of the work that you put in actually produces 80% of the results really does apply here.

我們可能都聽厭了 "帕累託原則"，因為我在很多視頻中都提到過它，其他很多優酷視頻製作人也是如此，但 "20% 的工作能產生 80% 的成果 "這一法則在這裡確實適用。

So when you are doing your meta learning, the best way to tackle it is to deconstruct whatever it is that you're learning, figure out what are the smaller steps or skills that you need to acquire to master that larger thing.

是以，當你進行元學習時，最好的方法就是解構你正在學習的內容，找出你需要掌握哪些較小的步驟或技能來掌握更大的東西。

Also consider what are the best tools and methods that you can utilize to learn this topic because once you have all of these little steps planned out, it'll make your learning process that much more efficient and it'll make it easier for you to focus on learning as well.

此外，還要考慮利用哪些最佳工具和方法來學習這一主題，因為一旦你計劃好了所有這些小步驟，就會使你的學習過程更加高效，也會讓你更容易集中精力學習。

The second strategy to really optimize your learning is to start by building up confidence.

真正優化學習的第二個策略是從建立自信開始。

We all hate the feeling of the unknown, the fear of failing, and the fear or feeling of just like feeling stupid.

我們都討厭未知的感覺，害怕失敗，害怕或覺得自己很蠢。

As Josh Kaufman, the author of The First 20 Hours, said in his TED Talk, the barrier to your learning is actually not intellectual.

正如《最初的20小時》的作者喬希-考夫曼在TED演講中所說，你學習的障礙其實並不在於智力。

It's emotional.

這是一種情感。

In that same TED Talk, he shows the infamous learning curve, how the first little period of time, you can actually gain a lot of knowledge pretty quickly because you're starting at completely incompetent, total newbie, and then as time goes on, when you have reached a certain level of mastery, it'll take more and more time to dive deeper and deeper to continue to hone that mastery.

在同一篇 TED 演講中，他展示了臭名昭著的學習曲線，即在最初的一小段時間裡，你實際上可以很快獲得很多知識，因為你一開始完全不懂，完全是個新手，然後隨著時間的推移，當你已經達到一定的掌握程度時，就需要花越來越多的時間去深入學習，繼續磨練這種掌握程度。

There is a point between complete beginner to decently good where there is that emotional barrier.

從完全的初學者到像樣的好手，這中間會有一個情感障礙。

So in order to help you get over that hump, the best thing to do is to start creating small easy wins to incorporate into your learning.

是以，為了幫助你克服這個障礙，最好的辦法就是開始創造一些小的輕鬆的勝利，將其融入到你的學習中。

This could look like creating little side quests and just making it easy for yourself to feel like you are succeeding.

這可以是創建一些小的支線任務，讓自己輕鬆地感覺到自己在取得成功。

So setting smaller goals every day for your learning, making sure to celebrate those small wins as well.

是以，每天都要為自己的學習設定更小的目標，同時確保慶祝這些小的勝利。

The key here is to also remember that although your ultimate final goal may be mastery, your goal right now should just be to get decently good.

這裡的關鍵是還要記住，雖然你的最終目標可能是成為大師，但你現在的目標應該只是取得像樣的成績。

This is not the point of your learning journey where you need to worry about perfection.

在你的學習旅程中，這並不是你需要擔心完美的時候。

What you need to focus on is actually just to get good enough so that you can start practicing and self-teaching and self-correcting.

實際上，你需要關注的只是讓自己變得足夠好，以便開始練習、自學和自我糾正。

So taking that language example again, get good enough where you can say a few simple sentences or write down a few simple sentences and then try to grow that knowledge as you go.

是以，還是以語言為例，掌握足夠好的語言，你可以說幾個簡單的句子或寫下幾個簡單的句子，然後試著在學習的過程中增長知識。

So adding a few more words, adding another sentence, and if you make a mistake, self-correct so you know what you did wrong.

所以，多加幾個詞，多加一句話，如果你犯了錯誤，就自我糾正，這樣你就知道自己錯在哪裡了。

A common misconception that people have when they're learning something new is that they think that if I just buy these 20 books about the topic and then I read them all, I will have mastered it, but that is just not how it works.

人們在學習新知識時有一個常見的誤區，那就是他們認為，如果我買了 20 本關於這個主題的書，然後把它們都讀完，我就掌握了，但事實並非如此。

Yes, gaining that knowledge is really important, but actually putting it into practice and understanding it so that it makes sense to your brain is what matters the most.

是的，獲得這些知識確實很重要，但真正將其付諸實踐並加以理解，使其對你的大腦有意義才是最重要的。

So you've done the metal learning and you've created your small wins.

所以，你已經完成了金屬學習，並創造了你的小勝利。

The next step is to encode the information in multiple formats.

下一步是以多種格式對資訊進行編碼。

To understand this strategy, let's first look at how your memory works.

要了解這一策略，我們先來看看你的記憶是如何工作的。

So your memory can kind of be separated into two phases.

是以，你的記憶可以分為兩個階段。

The first is your short-term memory and the second is your long-term memory.

第一個是短期記憶，第二個是長期記憶。

Your short-term memory is where all the immediate data lives.

您的短期記憶是所有即時數據的所在。

So when you learn anything new, when you have a new thought, they all kind of go into this first stage.

是以，當你學習任何新知識時，當你有新想法時，都會進入第一階段。

In order to move data from your short-term memory to your long-term memory, you actually have to engage and remember and understand what you are thinking about for 30 or more seconds before it actually moves from stage one to stage two.

為了將數據從短期記憶轉移到長期記憶，在數據從第一階段轉移到第二階段之前，你必須實際參與並記住和理解你正在思考的問題 30 秒或更長時間。

Now, it's important to remember that your long-term memory is not static.

現在，重要的是要記住，你的長期記憶並不是一成不變的。

So it's not like a hard drive or a memory card where once you put something in, it just stays there.

是以，它不像硬盤或存儲卡，一旦你把東西放進去，它就會一直存在。

When it comes to your brain or your memory, once you add new data in, it actually starts to interact with all of the other data that you already have.

當涉及到你的大腦或記憶時，一旦你添加了新的數據，它實際上就開始與你已有的所有其他數據相互作用。

So data in your memory can actually be combined.

是以，內存中的數據實際上是可以合併的。

It can be attached to another one.

它可以連接到另一個。

It can be overwritten or forgotten.

它可以被覆蓋或遺忘。

And the most common reason we are losing data from our long-term memory is actually because we are not re-engaging with that information over and over.

而我們之所以會丟失長期記憶中的數據，最常見的原因其實是我們沒有反覆重新接觸這些資訊。

So taking all of that information, you can kind of see why encoding in multiple formats is a really great way for your brain to continuously engage with new information so that it can retain it for longer.

是以，綜合這些資訊，你就能明白為什麼用多種格式編碼是一種非常好的方法，可以讓大腦不斷接觸新資訊，從而更長久地保留這些資訊。

By forcing your brain to interact with the new information in multiple formats like reading, writing, listening, watching, or even immersing yourself in an environment where you're constantly exposed to the data, not only does it create stronger neural pathways for you to remember that information, it also is creating a dopamine hit which triggers an emotion tying it to that piece of information, also helping you remember it for longer.

通過迫使大腦與新資訊進行多種形式的互動，如閱讀、寫作、聽、看，甚至讓自己沉浸在一個不斷接觸數據的環境中，這不僅能為你創建更強大的神經通路來記住這些資訊，還能產生多巴胺刺激，引發與資訊相關的情緒，也能幫助你更長久地記住這些資訊。

So whatever it is that you're trying to learn, you should read about it.

是以，無論你想學什麼，都應該讀一讀。

You should then write and take notes about it.

然後，你應該撰寫並記錄相關內容。

Maybe watch a video about it.

或許可以觀看相關視頻。

And then you want to make sure you're actively encoding it as well.

然後，你要確保自己也在積極編碼。

So don't just try to memorize it, but actually understand it.

是以，不要只是死記硬背，而是要真正理解它。

Visualize it in your head.

在腦海中想象一下。

Try teaching it or paraphrasing it and writing it down so that you are rebuilding that information so that it makes sense to you.

試著講授或轉述，然後寫下來，這樣你就能重建這些資訊，使其對你有意義。

Or you could even force a new neural pathway to be created by attaching that new information to information that you already know.

或者，你甚至可以通過將新資訊附加到你已經知道的資訊上，強制創建一條新的神經通路。

If learning a new language is the goal you're trying to accomplish, my favorite place to learn a new language is by far Lingoda.

如果學習一門新語言是您的目標，那麼我最喜歡的學習新語言的地方就是 Lingoda。

Lingoda is amazing because not only does it already offer you a bunch of different ways to learn, so reviews, PDFs, group classes, individual classes.

Lingoda 的神奇之處在於，它不僅為你提供了大量不同的學習方式，如評論、PDF、小組課程、個人課程等。

It also has all these different programs to choose from to find a learning schedule that really works for you.

它還有各種不同的課程供您選擇，以找到真正適合您的學習計劃。

My personal favorite is definitely their Sprint Challenge.

我個人最喜歡的無疑是他們的衝刺挑戰賽。

The Sprint Challenge is a 60-day course built to really help students learn how to build the habit of daily learning.

衝刺挑戰 "是一門為期 60 天的課程，旨在真正幫助學生學會如何養成每天學習的習慣。

Through consistency and focusing on actually communicating in your classes, this method is proven to help boost your confidence when it comes to communicating in your target language.

事實證明，通過堅持不懈地集中精力在課堂上進行實際交流，這種方法可以幫助你增強用目標語言進行交流的信心。

Not only is the Sprint Challenge designed to help you, it is actually incentivized as well.

衝刺挑戰賽不僅旨在幫助您，實際上還有激勵措施。

And I absolutely love this about Lingoda because it shows that they actually really care about you as a student and want you to be able to achieve your goal of learning a language.

我非常喜歡 Lingoda 的這一點，因為這表明他們真正關心作為學生的你，並希望你能實現學習語言的目標。

If you're able to meet these requirements of the Sprint Challenge, students are actually able to earn 50% cash back or get more credits to take more classes.

如果你能滿足衝刺挑戰賽的這些要求，學生實際上就能獲得 50%的現金返還，或獲得更多的學分來選修更多的課程。

If you know that you want to further your learning and continue to learn a new language, if you choose the credits version, it is actually the equivalent of getting a hundred percent of your money back through more classes.

如果您知道自己想進一步學習並繼續學習一門新的語言，如果您選擇學分版本，實際上就相當於通過更多的課程獲得了百分之百的回報。

It is so, so nice that they do this.

他們這樣做真是太好了。

They definitely don't have to, but it really helps to motivate you as a student to continue your learning.

他們當然不必這樣做，但這確實有助於激勵學生繼續學習。

So if you're motivated by challenges like I am, if you want to make learning a language into a daily habit, or if you're just looking to make really fast progress with language learning, I would definitely recommend checking out the Lingoda Sprint Challenge.

是以，如果你像我一樣被挑戰所激勵，如果你想把學習語言變成一種日常習慣，或者如果你只是想在語言學習方面取得真正的快速進步，我一定會推薦你參加 Lingoda 衝刺挑戰賽。

If learning a new language is your current goal, like it is mine with Italian, then make sure you use the link in the description because it'll actually give you $20 off your subscription, meaning you're going to end up saving so much money on language classes if you are up for the challenge.

如果學習一門新語言是你當前的目標，就像我學習意大利語一樣，那麼請務必使用說明中的鏈接，因為它將為你的訂閱優惠 20 美元，也就是說，如果你願意接受挑戰，你最終會在語言課程上節省很多錢。

So thank you Lingoda so much for creating this opportunity for students to learn a new language quicker and for supporting my channel and sponsoring this video.

非常感謝 Lingoda 為學生們創造了這個快速學習新語言的機會，感謝你們支持我的頻道並贊助本視頻。

Now that you've gathered a bunch of new information about the topic that you are learning, it's time to identify and attack your weakest point.

現在，您已經收集了大量有關所學主題的新資訊，是時候找出並攻克自己的薄弱點了。

As you're learning and teaching and practicing, you're going to quickly realize there are certain aspects of the topic that just feel harder for you to understand.

在學習、教學和實踐的過程中，你會很快意識到，有些方面對你來說很難理解。

It's important that once you identify these weak points, you jot them down or make a note of them so that when you are actually going through and reviewing and practicing the information that you actually spend a lot of time drilling on your weak points because what's the point of continuously practicing the parts that you're great at?

重要的是，一旦你發現了這些薄弱環節，你就把它們記下來或做個筆記，這樣當你真正去複習和練習這些資訊時，你就會花大量的時間去鑽研你的薄弱環節，因為不斷練習你擅長的部分有什麼意義呢？

You're already going to be great at them and yes, it will improve you further, but if you always leave these weak points as opportunities, you're never going to be able to fully master the topic.

你已經會在這些方面表現出色，是的，這將進一步提高你，但如果你總是把這些薄弱環節當作機會，你就永遠無法完全掌握這個主題。

The goal here really is to increase your proficiency and not to continue to practice what you already know.

這樣做的真正目的是提高你的熟練程度，而不是繼續練習你已經掌握的知識。

So start by giving yourself an honest self-assessment or get feedback for somebody who understands the topic better than you do and just pinpoint the parts that you feel like you don't know as well.

是以，首先要對自己進行一次誠實的自我評估，或者向比你更瞭解該主題的人徵求反饋意見，然後找出你覺得自己不瞭解的部分。

Once you figured out what those are, some tools that you can use are Anki or Quizlet if you just want to drill them over and over.

一旦你弄清了這些內容，如果只是想反覆練習，可以使用 Anki 或 Quizlet 等工具。

You should also spend time specifically practicing those parts by starting slowly and then gaining speed as you go.

您還應該花時間專門練習這些部分，從慢速開始，然後逐漸加快速度。

Depending on what you're learning, there's other techniques as well.

根據你所學的內容，還有其他技巧。

So if you're trying to learn how to play basketball, make sure you drill your dribble or whatever it is you're bad at.

是以，如果你想學習如何打籃球，一定要練習運球或其他你不擅長的東西。

If you're learning how to speak publicly, maybe it's the anxiety that is your worst or weakest point, then just practice by talking in front of your mom or your friend or a group of friends.

如果你正在學習如何公開演講，也許焦慮是你最糟糕或最薄弱的一點，那麼就在媽媽、朋友或一群朋友面前練習演講吧。

Essentially, you just want to create a problem in a small safe environment and then practice to solve that problem so that slowly over time all of your weak points rise to meet the points that you are best at.

從根本上說，你只是想在一個安全的小環境中創造一個問題，然後練習解決這個問題，這樣隨著時間的推移，你所有的薄弱點都會慢慢上升，以滿足你最擅長的點。

The last step and probably my favorite step is the quantifiable amount of time that you need to spend to get good at something.

最後一步，也可能是我最喜歡的一步，就是你需要花多少時間才能做好一件事。

I know we've all heard about the 10,000 hours rule how you need to spend 10,000 hours to master something but something to remember about that is that number is based on complete mastery aka you're getting to expert level, like professional level and oftentimes that's not really our goal when you're just trying to learn something for a hobby or to gain some new knowledge.

我知道我們都聽說過 "10000 小時定律"，即你需要花費 10000 小時來掌握某樣東西，但需要記住的是，這個數字是建立在完全掌握的基礎上的，也就是你要達到專家級水準，比如專業水準，而當你只是為了愛好或獲得一些新知識而學習某樣東西時，這往往不是我們的真正目標。

So Josh Kaufman who I mentioned earlier from the TED talk actually did a bunch of research to figure out how many hours it takes to go from that completely incompetent spot up to that point in the learning curve where you are decently good at something and he figured out that it actually only takes 20 hours of focused practice to get you from that first point to the second point.

是以，我之前在 TED 演講中提到的喬希-考夫曼（Josh Kaufman）實際上做了大量的研究，以找出從完全不稱職的位置上升到學習曲線中你對某件事情相當擅長的那個點需要多少小時，他發現實際上只需要 20 個小時的專注練習就能讓你從第一個點上升到第二個點。

So that is where the practice comes in.

這就是實踐的意義所在。

It's nice to sort of know this quantifiable goal because you can set that as a goal and slowly check off the hours spent over time.

知道這個可量化的目標很好，因為你可以把它設定為一個目標，然後慢慢核對所花費的時間。

If you're learning to do something that's easy to put into practice like learning to play the piano or learning to speak a new language, then you can just start practicing those things and what you have learned and track your progress over the span of 20 hours.

如果你要學的東西很容易付諸實踐，比如學彈鋼琴或學一門新語言，那麼你就可以開始練習這些東西和你所學到的東西，並在 20 個小時內跟蹤你的進步。

What I learned from the book Make It Stick is that all you have to do is go into your brain and retrieve, recall, and use that information that you've learned.

我從《讓它堅持下去》一書中學到的是，你所要做的就是進入大腦，檢索、回憶和使用你所學到的資訊。

So as you're going about your day at random points of the day, set little reminders for yourself on your phone to just quickly think about a topic that you've learned about within your overall learning goal and then either recite it to yourself or think about it and visualize it or even just teach it to someone who's next to you like a friend or a family member because as long as you are using the information, your brain will develop further understanding about it as well as remember it for longer.

是以，當你在一天中的任意時刻，在手機上為自己設置一些小提醒，快速思考你在總體學習目標中學習到的某個主題，然後背誦給自己聽，或者思考它並將其形象化，甚至只是教給你身邊的人，比如朋友或家人，因為只要你在使用這些資訊，你的大腦就會對其有進一步的理解，並能更長久地記住它。

I also love this other strategy that was in the book Ultra Learning by Scott H.

我還喜歡斯科特-H.在《超級學習》一書中提出的另一個策略。

Young where he says one of the best strategies is to be direct with it, aka go straight ahead.

楊說，最好的策略之一就是直截了當，也就是直奔主題。

Instead of spending too much time in the consumption portion of your learning, just go ahead and start using it.

與其在學習的消費部分花費太多時間，不如直接開始使用它。

So if you're learning a language, just find some people to talk to in that language or tell yourself a story in that language.

是以，如果你正在學習一門語言，就找一些人用這門語言與你交談，或者用這門語言給自己講一個故事。

If you're learning to code, stop reading those coding books and looking up stuff online.

如果你正在學習編碼，就不要再讀那些編碼書籍和上網查資料了。

Just try to code and build something.

只需嘗試編碼和構建一些東西。

Being direct or directness is all about learning being closely tied to the exact situation or environment that you want to use it in.

直接或直接性就是要把學習與你想要使用它的具體情況或環境緊密結合起來。

All these little strategies that you can use when you are practicing what you learn is ultimately what's going to help you get to that decently good or even mastery level.

你在練習所學內容時可以使用的所有這些小策略，最終會幫助你達到相當不錯甚至精通的水準。

I know I just threw a lot of information at you, but if there's anything that you should remember about how to learn anything faster at any age, it's to start with meta learning and learn how to learn, get those early wins and start building up your confidence, encode the information and learn through multiple formats, identify and drill into your weakest points and spend 20 focused hours practicing your new skill or knowledge.

我知道我剛才向你拋出了很多資訊，但如果說你應該記住在任何年齡段如何更快地學習任何東西的話，那就是從元學習開始，學會如何學習，獲得早期勝利並開始建立自信，編碼資訊並通過多種形式學習，識別並鑽研你的薄弱點，並花 20 個小時專注於練習你的新技能或知識。

To help you out, I actually created a PDF worksheet that you can print out and write on or digitally write on that'll help you make sure that you are on the right path when you are learning any new topic.

為了幫助你，我製作了一份 PDF 工作表，你可以打印出來寫在上面，也可以用數字方式寫在上面，這將幫助你確保在學習任何新課題時都走在正確的道路上。

So you can find that in the description box below.

是以，您可以在下面的說明框中找到這一點。

It's completely free and I really hope that it helps you.

它完全免費，我真心希望它能幫到你。

If you felt like you've never been a great student, just like I did when I was young, my parting words for you is that there are no right ways for learning.

如果你像我年輕時一樣，覺得自己從來都不是一個好學生，那麼我對你說的臨別贈言就是：學習沒有正確的方法。

So what works for your typical straight-A student in your class may not work for you and that's okay.

是以，對班上典型的全優生有效的方法可能對你並不適用，沒關係。

Learning is going to be this process that works differently for everyone and the best thing that you can do is to continue to learn even though you feel it's hard and continue to explore those meta learning options so that you can really figure out what's going to work for you to help you understand the material better.

學習的過程對每個人來說都是不同的，你能做的最好的事情就是繼續學習，即使你覺得很難，並繼續探索這些元學習選項，這樣你才能真正找出適合你的學習方法，幫助你更好地理解教材。

Learning should not be this competitive process like what school has led us to believe.

學習不應該像學校讓我們相信的那樣，是一個競爭的過程。

Learning should really just be about enhancing your knowledge or skill set and it can be a really really fun process if you allow yourself to make it one.

學習的真正目的應該是提高你的知識或技能，如果你允許自己這樣做的話，學習可以是一個非常非常有趣的過程。

I truly believe that as long as you keep trying and continue to want to learn, you're going to find what works for you.

我真的相信，只要你不斷嘗試，不斷想要學習，你就會找到適合自己的方法。

Now learning how to learn is really important, but it's also important to learn how to actively use your memory.

現在，學會如何學習確實很重要，但學會如何積極利用記憶力也很重要。

So if you want to learn how to remember more of what you read or consume, click here.

是以，如果你想學習如何記住更多閱讀或消費的內容，請點擊這裡。