Name: 比亞迪、尼奧及其他中國電動汽車與特斯拉的比較 (How BYD, Nio And Other Chinese EVs Compare To Tesla)
Uploaded: 2024-08-21T11:18:06.000Z
Duration: 15 min 5 s

Ni hao, xiao pi, zi dong gou che, please park the car.

情態副詞

Lately, we've been hearing a lot of this.

最近，我們經常聽到這樣的話。

You've got companies like NIO, companies like Lishan, these Chinese NEV makers that are frankly as good, if not better than Tesla right now.

中國的新能源汽車製造商中，有像 NIO 這樣的公司，也有像力山這樣的公司，坦率地說，這些公司的實力不亞於特斯拉，甚至更勝一籌。

I know people will say, Americans won't buy Chinese.

我知道人們會說，美國人不會買中國貨。

You ask somebody, do you want to pay $9,000 for an SUV or do you want to pay 19 or 20,000 for an SUV?

你問別人，你是想花 9000 美元買一輛 SUV，還是想花 19 或 20000 美元買一輛 SUV？

Causing some concern to the likes of Elon Musk and Tesla and a number of other car makers.

這引起了埃隆-馬斯克、特斯拉和其他一些汽車製造商的擔憂。

China is the largest auto producer in the world.

中國是世界上最大的汽車生產國。

每三輛汽車中就有一輛是在這裡製造的。

In fact, it has become so productive, its own market can't absorb the inventory.

事實上，它的生產力已高到自身市場無法消化庫存的地步。

For Americans, it's hard to process that because we don't see Chinese cars on American roads.

對於美國人來說，很難理解這一點，因為我們在美國的道路上看不到中國汽車。

Trust me, go to Australia, to Mexico, to Brazil, to Israel, to South Africa, you're going to see Chinese cars all over the place.

相信我，去澳洲、墨西哥、巴西、以色列和南非，你會看到到處都是中國汽車。

American trade groups and others worry China will do with cars what it has done with countless other industries, eradicate competition with cheap labor and materials and abundant government support.

美國貿易團體和其他國家擔心，中國會像對待無數其他行業一樣對待汽車，用廉價的勞動力和材料以及大量的政府支持來消除競爭。

Chinese firms are already pushing out competitors at home.

中國企業已經在國內擠走了競爭對手。

The Biden administration slapped a 100% tariff on Chinese EVs in an effort to stop the onslaught before it starts.

拜登政府對中國電動汽車徵收 100%的關稅，力圖在衝擊開始之前阻止它。

Tesla got caught flat footed in the China market because no one anticipated such a severe turn to clean energy vehicles.

特斯拉在中國市場被打了個措手不及，因為沒有人預料到中國市場會如此急劇地轉向清潔能源汽車。

All the legacy automakers are scrambling.

所有的傳統汽車製造商都在爭先恐後。

And not just shopping them because they're cheap.

They've super scaled the set of features that consumers are demanding.

它們超規模地提供了消費者所需的一系列功能。

那麼，中國電動汽車到底有多厲害？

How do they stack up against the world's most popular model, the Tesla Model Y?

與世界上最受歡迎的車型特斯拉 Model Y 相比，它們的性能如何？

This is currently the best selling car in the world.

這是目前世界上最暢銷的汽車。

The acceleration on these things is incredible.

這些設備的加速度令人難以置信。

Tesla is a really highly respected brand in China, but homegrown Chinese automakers are really catching up.

特斯拉在中國確實是一個備受推崇的品牌，但中國本土汽車製造商正在迎頭趕上。

In fact, there are around 140 EV brands in the country.

事實上，全國約有 140 個電動汽車品牌。

And at least in China, some of them are outselling Tesla.

至少在中國，其中一些產品的銷量超過了特斯拉。

This is Eunice Yun, CNBC's Beijing bureau chief.

我是 CNBC 北京分社社長尹恩惠。

She set out to try some of the Chinese crossovers comparable to the Model Y.

她開始嘗試一些可與 Model Y 相媲美的中國跨界車。

With a few technical exceptions, like Chinese owned brands, such as Volvo, Polestar, and Lotus,

除了少數技術上的例外，如沃爾沃、Polestar 和蓮花等中國品牌、

Chinese cars aren't available in the U.S. yet.

I was surprised myself driving these cars.

我自己在駕駛這些汽車時也感到非常驚訝。

The BYD Tong, for example, made by Tesla's biggest Chinese rival.

例如，特斯拉最大的中國競爭對手比亞迪生產的 "比亞迪通"。

BYD is known for making cars very cheaply.

比亞迪以製造廉價汽車而聞名。

One of BYD's big selling points is that they're able to give you a car that is a seven seater, a little bit of a shorter range than a Model Y, but at the same time, it's $11,000 cheaper.

比亞迪的一大賣點是，他們能為你提供一輛七座汽車，續航里程比 Model Y 稍短，但同時價格便宜 1.1 萬美元。

他們是如何將成本降低這麼多的？

Well, and then you get into that kind of secret

嗯，然後你就進入了那種祕密的

Chinese superpower of state capitalism, where you have entrepreneurs driving costs down, innovating, designing better product, while at the same time getting tremendous support from city, provincial, and national political leaders who want China to win.

中國是國家資本主義的超級大國，企業家們在這裡降低成本、不斷創新、設計出更好的產品，同時還得到了希望中國獲勝的市、省和國家政治領導人的大力支持。

Between 2009 and 2023, the Chinese government handed out an estimated $231 billion in subsidies and tax breaks.

從 2009 年到 2023 年，中國政府發放的補貼和稅收減免約為 2310 億美元。

BYD, which is not government owned, received $3.7 billion in direct subsidies between 2018 and 2022, most of it in that last year.

比亞迪並非政府所有，在 2018 年至 2022 年期間獲得了 37 億美元的直接補貼，其中大部分是在最後一年。

But one of BYD's biggest advantages is its ability to drive down costs through vertical integration.

不過，比亞迪最大的優勢之一是能夠通過垂直整合降低成本。

BYD sold roughly three million cars in 2023, about half of them electric and half plug-in hybrid.

2023 年，比亞迪的汽車銷量約為 300 萬輛，其中約一半為純電動汽車，一半為插電式混合動力汽車。

This year, they're forecasting four million.

Contrast that with Tesla, which saw sales fall year over year in the first two quarters of 2024.

相比之下，特斯拉在 2024 年前兩個季度的銷量同比下降。

BYD is also one of the largest battery makers.

比亞迪也是最大的電池製造商之一。

About 40% of China's cost advantage is attributable to its edge in batteries, which make up about 20 to 30% of a vehicle's total cost.

中國約 40% 的成本優勢歸功於其在電池方面的優勢，而電池成本約佔汽車總成本的 20% 至 30%。

BYD has done a phenomenal job of making in-house 75, 80% of the parts that go into their cars.

比亞迪汽車 75% 至 80% 的零部件都是自己生產的，這一點非常了不起。

So they own the batteries and the battery supply chains.

是以，他們擁有電池和電池供應鏈。

That's clear, and it contributes to lower cost and higher quality.

這一點顯而易見，它有助於降低成本，提高質量。

And then apart from batteries, pretty much across every other category,

除了電池之外，幾乎所有其他類別的產品都是如此、

BYD's costs are lower than its Chinese competitors, Tesla, and drastically lower than legacy competitors like Ford and GM.

比亞迪的成本低於其中國競爭對手特斯拉，也大大低於福特和通用等傳統競爭對手。

But all Chinese automakers benefit from low costs and a localized supply chain.

但所有中國汽車製造商都受益於低成本和本地化供應鏈。

This can be seen in the G6 from XPeng, a relatively small company that listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 2020.

2020 年在紐約證券交易所上市的一家規模相對較小的公司 XPeng 的 G6 就體現了這一點。

It hasn't done so well, although results were solid in the last two quarters of 2023.

雖然在 2023 年的最後兩個季度裡，該公司的業績還算穩定，但表現並不理想。

What made them different from the others?

So they have a lot of other features in there as well.

是以，它們還有很多其他功能。

When you look at the specs and the dimensions, it's almost identical to the Model Y.

從規格和尺寸上看，它與 Model Y 幾乎完全相同。

但 2.7 萬的價格卻便宜了近 9000 美元。

What Henry Ford did to this industry is he took something that was a rich person's toy and made it so that anybody working in a factory could afford it.

亨利-福特對這一行業的貢獻在於，他把富人的玩具變成了任何人在工廠工作都能買得起的東西。

中國正在實現智能電動汽車的民主化。

This means connected to the internet and loaded with tech.

這意味著要與互聯網相連接，並配備各種技術。

Chinese EVs tend to have a lot of bells and whistles.

中國的電動汽車往往有很多花哨的東西。

For example, I could ventilate my seat to deal with the summer heat.

例如，我可以為我的座椅通風，以應對夏季的炎熱。

I could change a setting so that this EV sounds as though it's running on gas.

我可以更改設置，讓電動車聽起來像在加油。

And I could tell the AI assistant to park the car without me.

我還可以告訴人工智能助理，不用我停車。

EV makers leverage these affordable tech features to target specific customers.

電動汽車製造商利用這些經濟實惠的技術功能來鎖定特定客戶。

Shares of its NASDAQ-listed manufacturer, $20 billion market cap, have had a rocky time while the company carves out its brand identity.

該公司在納斯達克上市，市值 200 億美元，在打造品牌形象的過程中，其股價經歷了一段坎坷的時期。

Li Auto does market itself as more of a family type of car maker.

李氏汽車的市場定位更像是一家家庭型汽車製造商。

To pull that off, the company offers extras you won't find in a Tesla.

為了實現這一目標，該公司提供了特斯拉所沒有的額外配置。

嚴格來說，這輛車不是電動車。

It has a gas-powered range extender on board.

The extender appeals to road-tripping families or the many drivers stuck for hours in the city's notorious gridlock.

該延長器吸引了公路旅行的家庭或在城市臭名昭著的交通堵塞中被困數小時的眾多司機。

Li Auto's L6 is about the same price as a Model Y, but has a longer range at 893 miles.

Li Auto 的 L6 價格與 Model Y 差不多，但續航里程更長，達到 893 英里。

So we are driving during rush hour in Beijing traffic, but this five-seater is designed for families.

我們正行駛在北京交通高峰時段，但這輛五座車是專為家庭設計的。

And in a Chinese context, that means that a lot of extra creature comforts are common in the cabin.

對於中國人來說，這意味著車廂裡有很多額外的舒適設施。

Family in the front seats can watch TV or get massaged by their chairs.

坐在前排座椅上的家人可以看電視或在椅子上按摩。

And if you want a cold drink, there's a fridge in the back.

如果你想喝冷飲，後面還有冰箱。

At the higher end, there are innovations that companies like Tesla have only talked about.

在高端領域，特斯拉等公司的創新也只是說說而已。

It was a hyped IPO on the NYSE back in 2018, but shares are down 90% from a 2021 high due to sluggish sales growth and high cash burn.

早在 2018 年，該公司就曾在紐約證券交易所上市，但由於銷售增長乏力和高現金消耗，股價從 2021 年的高點下跌了 90%。

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比亞迪、尼奧及其他中國電動汽車與特斯拉的比較 (How BYD, Nio And Other Chinese EVs Compare To Tesla)

experience

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legacy